CC RESOLUTION 5032 RESOLUTION NO. 5032
A RESOLUTION ADOPTING THE EL SEGUNDO HAZARD MITIGATION
PLAN IN ACCORDANCE WITH 44 C.F.R. § 201.6.
The City Council of the City of El Segundo does resolve as follows:
SECTION 1: The City Council finds as follows:
A. The Federal Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000 requires local governments to
update and approve Hazard Mitigation Plan every five (5) years to receive
certain federal funding;
B. Failure to comply with the timely submission of an approved Mitigation
Plan could prevent the City from obtaining financial reimbursement from
the federal government following a catastrophic event;
C. The City updated the Hazard Mitigation Plan which is attached as Exhibit
"A," and incorporated by reference ("Plan"). The Plan will assist City
Council, City staff, and other El Segundo community leaders in making
decisions that would enhance the safety of El Segundo residents,
business owners, and City infrastructure.
SECTION 2: The Plan is adopted as set forth in Exhibit A. The City Manager, or
designee, is authorized to execute any required documents to obtain additional federal
or state approvals for the Plan.
SECTION 3: This Resolution will become effective immediately upon adoption.
PASSED, APPROVED, AND ADOPTED RESOLUTION No. 5032 this 18TH day of April,
2017.
uzann,d Fuentes, Mayor
ATTEST:
Tracy Weave-, City Clerk
APPROVED AS TO FORM:
Mark D. Hensley, C' y torney
Page 1 of 2
CERTIFICATION
STATE OF CALIFORNIA
COUNTY OF LOS ANGELES } SS
CITY OF EL SEGUNDO
I, Tracy Weaver, City Clerk of the City of El Segundo, California, do hereby certify that
the whole number of members of the City Council of said City is five; that the foregoing
Resolution No. 5032 was duly passed, approved and adopted by said City Council at a
regular meeting held on the 18th day of April, 2017, approved and signed by the Mayor,
and attested to by the City Clerk, by the following vote:
AYES: Mayor Fuentes, Mayor Pro Tern Boyles, Council Member Brann,
Council Member Dugan, and Council Member Pirsztuk
NOES: None
ABSENT: None
ABSTAIN: None
WITNESS MY HAND THE OFFICIAL SEAL OF SAID CITY this ..,., "`"mm� day of May,
2017.
Tracy Waver, City Clerk
of the City of El Segundo,
California
Page 2 of 2
EXHIBIT A
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Updated in 2017; Approved by City Council Resolution No. 5032 on April 18, 2017
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-- of E|Segundo
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Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan
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Hazard Mitigation Plan
City of El Segundo
January 2015
El Segundo City Manager's Office
Emergency Management Division
350 Main Street
El Segundo, CA 90245
310.524.2252
City of El Segundo
Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan
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This Page Intentionally Left Blank
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City ofE| Segundo
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CONTENTS
Section1:Introduction.................................................................................................................................................7
HazardMitigation Planning......................................................._....._...,.............,.........,.............,..„....................,,....'7
Local Mitigation Planning Requirements....................................................„„....,.....,................,....,..,.,..,.............,.....g
HazardMitigation Plan Description .......................................................„,....,,.............,...,..,,.,,,.,,.,,,,.,........„,..,..........g
AssemblyBill 2140....................................................................... ....„.............,..,.,.,,.....,......,..............................._. —9
Grant Programs With Mitigation Plan Requirements.............................................................................................10
StaffordAct Grant Programs................................................................................................„„.,.,,,............,...10
National Flood Insurance Act Grant Programs................... .................................................................,.......10
PlanningArea Description..................................................................................................................................._ 1
Locationand Topography......................................................................................................................11.
Historyof El Segundo.................................................. ......„.,.,....,.....,.,....................„..............,,......,,..,..13
Government........................................................................................................................„..............,,..14
Economy............................„,.,........,,.,.........,,.....,.,.........,..,,.........,,..,....,...............,.,..........,....................14
Demographics.......................................... „..................., ..„..........„.,.....,,..,........,,........ ,........................15
Section2: Planning Process........................................................................................................................................17
2015 Plan Revision Process................................................................................................ ..........,..17
Stakeholder and Public Outreach..... ........................................ ......... 23
StakeholderOutreach.............____............._..............,,..........„.„...............,......,.........,...,,..,..........„,.,24
PublicOutreach................................................ ......,......,,.,,...,,.,,...,....„„„.....25
Incorporation of Existing Plans and Other Technical Information........................„..............,..............................._'27
Continued Public Participation in Plan Maintenance.................................................. 28
Plan Maintenance Method and Schedule........................................................................ ,........,,.'29
PlanImplementation................................................................................................................... .......„.29
HazardMitigation Planning Team......................................... ..........„,............................,,....,..,,.....,....,..29
AnnualProgress Report.........................................................................................................................301
PlanUpdate................................„.............,....,...............,....,...........,..............,.......,..,...,,.,...,...,...............'30
Section 3: Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment....................................._,_.„„................,.........,,...,........,,.,__32
HazardIdentification....,......„.................................................................................„.........,...,......,.,....,.....,..,............3'2
ElSegundo Disaster Proclamation History...........................„,...,,.....,.........,.„....,...,...„..,...........,.............33
DisasterProclamation Process............................ .................... ......„..,,.........,.......................,,,,..........„..33
HazardProfiles................................................................................... ..............................35
Earthquake and Seismic Hazard Profile................................ ...............„.....,.,.....................,,.,............,..35
HazardousMaterials Incident.........................................................„..,..,.....,...„........... .......,,..,...........,..42
Transportation Incident—Air and Rail..................................................................„.....................,..........4G
Pipeline Emergencies and Oil Spills ........................................................................................................49
Terrorism and Nuclear Incidents .........____...................................................____........,53
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Q�
UrbanFires................................................................................. ....................................-...........,.,.....
Severe Weather—Tornados,Wind,and Heat.......................................................................................59
Public Health Emergencies—Epidemic and Pandemic..........................................................................61
Flooding—Localized Storms..,.,..................................................................... ........................................63
Tsunami.............................................................................................................................................66
Drought........................................................... ................................................................................10
ClimateChange—Air Pollution..........................................................................................................73
RiskAssessment..........................................................................................................................., ...,,,,,,........,,,,76
HazardRisk Rating.................................................................................................................................77
Populationat Risk..................................................................................................................................7
Buildingsat Risk............................................................................................................................„,,,,....80
Identification of Critical Facilities and Assets...........................................................................................81
Cultural and Natural Resources Inventory.......................................... ................................................85
Risk Assessment and Potential Loss.......................................................................................................85
Analysisof Potential Losses..................................................................................... .............................87
NFIPInsured Structures................-................__........—..... ...............-... ..................... ......88
Section 4:Capability Assessment and Mitigation Strategy......................................................................................'8'9
Existing Authorities, Policies, Programs,and Resources..............................................................................w........_90
National Flood Insurance Program Participation and Compliance .........................................................................95
2015 Hazard Mitigation Plan Goals.........................................................................................................................96
MitigationActions...............................................___............................................w,...........,....,,.,.........,,,,.,,.,..,.......96
2015 HMP Mitigation Action Plan..........................................................................................................................105
Incorporation of HMP into other Planning Mechanisms .......................... 10'7
Section 5:Plan Review,Evaluation,and Implementation............... ............................................. 1018
Changesin Development........................................................................................................ ..............................1O8
Progressin Local Mitigation Efforts......................................................................................................................... 105
Changesin Priorities.................................................................................................. ,... .1.12
Section6:Plan Adoption................................................................. ............................................................................. 113
6.1 Local Plan Adoption Resolution..........................................-...............,,....,,,..,...,.,,.....,.,,....,,.......,,.,. ,,,,,.,,,...,114
Section7: Acronymsand Abbreviations....................................................................................................................... 116
Section8: References..................................—......,..,.. ,,.,..........,......,.....,,,.,...,....,,...............,,,,..,,...................,...,.....,.. 118
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The City of El Segundo has prepared the 2015 Hazard Mitigation Plan (HMP)to assess potential
natural, technological, and human-caused risks to El Segundo in order to reduce the impact of
the risks by creating mitigation strategies.The 2015 HMP represents the City of El Segundo's
commitment to the public to create a safer, more resilient community by taking action to help
reduce risk and committing resources to lessen the effects of hazards on the people and
property of El Segundo.
This plan complies with the Federal Disaster Mitigation Act (2000), Federal Register 44 CFR
Parts 201 and 206, which modified the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency
Assistance Act by adding a new section, 322 - Mitigation Planning.This law, as of November 1,
2004, requires local governments to develop and submit hazard mitigation plans as a condition
of receiving Hazard Mitigation Grant Program (HMGP) and other Mitigation project grants. The
El Segundo Emergency Management Coordinator has coordinated preparation of the 2015
HMP in cooperation with other El Segundo departments, community stakeholders, partner
agencies, and members of the public.The 2015 HMP revises and replaces the HMP prepared
and adopted by the City in 2009.
This introduction to the HMP provides a brief description of hazard mitigation planning, local
mitigation plan requirements, and an outline of the 2015 HMP.There is also an overview of Federal
Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) programs and grants related to hazard mitigation.
1.1 HAZARD MITIGATION PLANNING
Hazard mitigation is "any sustained action taken to reduce or eliminate the long-term risk to
human life and property from hazards" (44 CFR § 201.2.).The Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000
(DMA 2000), also known as Public Law 106-390, provides the legal basis for FEMA mitigation
planning requirements for State, local and Indian Tribal governments as a condition of
mitigation grant assistance. In general, hazard mitigation is work done to minimize the impact
of a hazard event before it occurs. The goal of such mitigation efforts is to reduce losses from
future disasters. The purpose of mitigation planning is for local governments to identify the
hazards that impact them,to identify a plan of actions and activities to reduce losses from those
hazards and to establish a coordinated process to implement the plan, taking advantage of a
wide range of resources (44 CFR §201.1(b)).
For El Segundo, hazard mitigation planning is a process in which the City will:
• Identify and profile hazards that affect the local area;
• Analyze the people and facilities at risk from those hazards;
• Develop mitigation actions to lessen or reduce the impact of the profiled hazards,
The City's implementation of mitigation actions, which include long-term strategies that may
involve planning, policy changes, programs, projects, and other activities, is the primary
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objective of the planning process.This type of planning will supplement the City's
comprehensive emergency management program.
1.2 LOCAL MITIGATION PLANNING REQUIREMENTS
Hazard mitigation planning is governed by the Stafford Act, as amended by the Disaster
Mitigation Act of 2000 (DMA 2000), and by federal regulations implementing the Stafford Act.
DMA 2000 revised the Stafford Act to require state, local, and tribal governments to develop
and submit to FEMA a mitigation plan that outlines processes for identifying the natural
hazards, risks, and vulnerabilities of the jurisdiction. Plan approval by FEMA is a prerequisite
to receiving federal hazard mitigation grant funds. (See 42 USC § 5165(a).)
To implement the mitigation planning requirements of the Stafford Act, FEMA promulgated 44
CFR Part 201, the federal regulations governing the planning process, plan content, and the
process for obtaining approval of the plan from FEMA. The planning requirements set forth in
the CFR, including plan revision requirements, are identified throughout this plan mirroring the
order of the FEMA Regulation Checklist in the Local Mitigation Plan Review Tool.
Federal law and the State of California's requirements for hazard mitigation plans require
coverage of only natural hazards; however El Segundo's 2009 HMP included technological and
human-caused hazards as well as natural hazards.The planning team decided to continue
coverage of natural,technological, and human-caused hazards for the 2015 HMP and to increase
the number of hazards covered in the plan, including a description and analysis of each hazard.
FEMA has produced a Local Mitigation Plan Review Tool to demonstrate how the mitigation
plan meets the regulation in 44 CFR § 201.6, and offers State and FEMA Mitigation Planners an
opportunity to provide feedback to the jurisdiction.The Plan Review Tool has a regulation
checklist that provides a summary of FEMA's evaluation of whether the plan has addressed all
requirements. Local planners can also use the checklist prior to submitting the plan for
approval to ensure they have addressed all the requirements.The Local Mitigation Plan
Review Tool is provided in Appendix A.
1.3 HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN DESCRIPTION
The 2015 HMP consists of the sections and appendices described below:
Table 1-1: Plan Sections,Appendices,and Descriptions
......... . _.. HMP planningrequirements, provides a description mitigation planning, lists the
tion ^ mIT��
Section 1: includes introduction
Plan Introduction p of the plan, and
discusses grants related to hazard mitigation.
Section 2 describes the planning process for the 2015 HMP, including an
Section 2: overview of the 2009 planning process, how the 2015 HMP was
Planning Process prepared, identification of the 2015 HMP planning team, involvement of
outside agencies and communities,the inclusion of related plans, reports
and information, and stakeholder and public outreach activities.
City..of..El Segundo .. ......... ... ... ........
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Section 3: Hazard Section 3 provides a list of the hazards identified in the 2015 HMP, a
Identification and Risk profile of each hazard and hazard summary, and a risk assessment of the
Assessment planning area.
S ection 4:Capability m.. Section 4 within and evaluates the resources available for hazard
Assessment and Mitigation in EI Segundo,the current,ongoing, and completed
Strategy mitigation projects and programs in El Segundo, and lists mitigation
strategies for reducing potential losses.
Section 5: Plan Re Section 5 describes the plan review process....., .
.... ......
Review, to include the changes in
Evaluation,and development, progress in mitigation efforts, and changes in priorities.
Implementation
Section 6: Plan Adoption Section 6 includes documentation of adoption of the HMP by the El
by Local Government Segundo City Council.
Section 7:Acronyms and Section ction 7 lists acronyms and abbreviations used in the 2015 HMP,
Abbreviations
Section 8: References Section 8 lists reference materials used to prepare the 2015 HMP.
Appendix A contains the FEMA Local Mitigation Plan Review Tool, which
Appendix A documents El Segundo's compliance with the local hazard mitigation plan
requirements of 44 CFR Part 201.
Appendix B Appendix B contains documentation of the planning process for the
planning team, including meetings and presentations, emails,etc.
Appendix C contains documentation of the planning process including
Appendix C meetings and presentations held for the stakeholders, and other
stakeholder outreach efforts.
Appendix D contains documentation of the planning process including
Appendix D meetings and presentations held for the public, and other public outreach
efforts.
Appendix E Hazus-MH Summary Earthquake Event Report for the Newport-
Inglewood Fault.
Appendix F Hazus-MH Summary Earthquake Event Report for the Palos Verdes Fault.
1.4 ASSEMBLY BILL 2140
The California Disaster Assistance Act limits the state share for any eligible project to no more
than 75%of total state eligible costs, except that the state share shall be up to 100%of total
state eligible costs connected with certain events. AB 2140 prohibits the state share for any
eligible project from exceeding 75%of total state eligible costs unless the local agency is
located within a city, county, or city and county that has adopted a local hazard mitigation plan
in accordance with the federal DMA 2000 as part of the safety element of its general plan, in
which case the Legislature may provide for a state share of local costs that exceeds 75%of total
state eligible costs.
The California Government Code, Sections 8685.9 and 65302.6, allow for the State Legislature
to provide for a state share of local costs that exceeds 75 percent of total state eligible costs
where the local agency is located within a city, county, or city and county that has adopted a
local hazard mitigation plan in accordance with the federal Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000
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(P.L.106-390) as part of the safety element of its general plan adopted pursuant to subdivision
(g) of Section 65302.
1.5 GRANT PROGRAMS WITH MITIGATION PLAN REQUIREMENTS
Currently, five FEMA grant programs provide funding to local entities that have a FEMA
approved local mitigation plan meeting federal hazard mitigation plan requirements.Two of the
grant programs are authorized under the Stafford Act.The remaining three programs are
authorized under the National Flood Insurance Act and the Bunning-Bereuter-Blumenauer
Flood Insurance Reform Act.
1.5.1 STAFFORD ACT GRANT PROGRAMS
Funding is provided to state, local, and tribal governments that have an approved Hazard
Mitigation Plan through the following programs.
1.5.1.1HAZARD MITIGATION GRANT PROGRAM
The HMGP provides grants to implement long-term hazard mitigation measures after
declaration of a major disaster.The purpose of the HMGP is to reduce the loss of life and
property due to natural disasters, and to enable mitigation measures to be implemented during
the immediate recovery from a disaster. To qualify for HMGP funding, projects must provide a
long-term solution to a problem, and the project's potential savings must exceed the cost of
implementing the project.
HMGP Funds may be used to protect either public or private property, or to purchase property
that has been subjected to, or is in danger of, repetitive damage. The amount of funding
available for the HMGP under a particular disaster declaration is limited. Under the program,
the federal government may provide a state or tribe with up to 20 percent of the total disaster
grants awarded by FEMA, and may provide up to 75 percent of the cost of projects approved
under the program.
1.5.1.2 THE PRE-DISASTER MITIGATION (PDM) PROGRAM
The PDM provides funds to state, local, and tribal entities for hazard mitigation planning and
mitigation projects before a disaster event. PDM grants are awarded on a nationally
competitive basis. The cost benefit of a PDM project must be more than the cost of
implementing the project. Funds may be used to protect either public or private property or to
purchase property that has been subjected to repetitive damage. In April of 2014, FEMA
announced $112 million in funding available through two Hazard Mitigation Assistance (HMA)
grant programs: Flood Mitigation Assistance (FMA) and Pre-Disaster Mitigation (PDM).
Congress originally appropriated $23 million for PDM grants, but increased the allotment to $63
million.The Federal government provides up to 75 percent of the cost of projects approved
under the program.
1.5.2 NATIONAL FLOOD INSURANCE ACT GRANT PROGRAMS
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1.5.2.1 FLOOD MITIGATION ASSISTANCE GRANT PROGRAM
The goal of the FMA Grant Program is to reduce or eliminate flood insurance claims under the
NFIP. This program places emphasis on mitigating repetitive loss (RL) properties.The primary
source of funding for the FMA program is the National Flood Insurance Fund. Grant funding is
available for planning, project, and technical assistance. Project grants are awarded to local
entities to apply mitigation measures to reduce flood losses to properties insured under the
NFIP. In FY 2014, FMA funding totaled $89 million. The cost-share for this grant is 75 percent
federal and 25 percent nonfederal. However, a cost- share of 90 percent federal and 10 percent
nonfederal is available in certain situations to mitigate severe repetitive loss (SRL) properties.
1.5.2.2 REPETITIVE FLOOD CLAIMS PROGRAM
The Repetitive Flood Claims (RFC) Program provides funding to reduce or eliminate the long-
term risk of flood damage to residential and non-residential structures insured under the NFIP.
Structures considered for mitigation must have had one or more claim payments for flood
damages. All RFC grants are eligible for up to 100 percent federal assistance.
1.5.2.3 SEVERE REPETITIVE LOSS PROGRAM
The Severe Repetitive Loss (SRL) Program provides funding to reduce or eliminate the long-term
risk of flood damage to residential structures insured under the NFIP. Structures considered for
mitigation must have had at least four NFIP claim payments over$5,000 each,with a cumulative
amount of such claims payments exceeds $20,000; or for which at least two separate claims
payments have been made with the cumulative amount of the building portion of such claims
exceeding the market value of the building, and at least two of the referenced claims must have
occurred within any ten-year period, and must be greater than 10 days apart. The cost-share
for this grant is 75 percent federal, 25 percent nonfederal. There is a cost-share of 90 percent
federal, 10 percent nonfederal, available to mitigate SRL properties when the state or tribal plan
addresses ways to mitigate SRL properties.
1.6 PLANNING AREA DESCRIPTION
The following description of the Planning Area includes its location, geography, history,
government, economy, and demographics.The planning area for the 2015 HMP includes the
City of El Segundo, which is within Los Angeles County, in Southern California. El Segundo
encompasses approximately 5.54 square miles. El Segundo does not own any assets that lie
outside the city boundaries.
1.6.1 LOCATION AND TOPOGRAPHY
El Segundo is located on the Santa Monica Bay, 14 miles southwest of downtown Los Angeles.
Its' geographic coordinates are latitude: 33°55'09" N, longitude: 118°24'59"W. Elevations in El
Segundo range from 38 meters at sea level to 125 feet above sea level at city hall.The
surrounding jurisdictions include Los Angeles, the county of Los Angeles, and the cities of
Hawthorne and Manhattan Beach. El Segundo is bounded by the Los Angeles International
Airport (LAX)/ Imperial Highway (north), Rosecrans Avenue (south), Aviation Boulevard (east),
and the Pacific Ocean (west)—with just over three miles of public beaches: El Segundo Beach,
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Dockweiler State Beach, and the City of Los Angeles beach area.A small portion of the 0
coastline, 0.8 miles, is within the El Segundo city limits.The Century Freeway (105) is at the
northern border of the city along Imperial Highway.The San Diego Freeway(405) is just
outside the city to the east.
El Segundo is located in the northwestern corner of the Los Angeles Basin in the transition zone
between the Transverse Range and the Peninsular Range Structural Provinces of Southern
California.The topography in the city is characterized by a series of northwest trending rounded
hills consisting of stabilized sand dunes rising above the main coastal plain. The elevation rises
from sea level along the southwestern border to approximately 160 feet above mean sea level
in the northern section of the city. Some of the northern area of the city retains the natural
dune landscape. In the southern portion of the city more of the natural topography has been
altered. A series of stabilized sand dunes referred to as the El Segundo Sand Dunes and Sand
Hills cover the western part of the city. To the west of the city are steep coastal bluffs,
exceeding 30%slope, descending to a coastal beach area.The eastern section is flat, almost at
sea level; the surface represents the original erosion terrace of the Torrance Plain on which the
coastal sand dunes were deposited.The Torrance Plain is underlain by marine and non-marine
sediments of the Lakewood Formation.The Lakewood Formation consists of fine to medium
grained sandstones,gravelly sandstones and clays which weather into clays and silty clays.The
western section of the city is underlain by dune sands in varying stages of consolidation.
Current groundwater levels are at 20 feet below surface or deeper.
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Map of El Segundo
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El Segundo's climate is temperate and Mediterranean, characterized by mild winters and dry
summers. Temperatures in El Segundo usually range between 61 and 75 degrees Fahrenheit in
the summer and between 59 and 64 degrees Fahrenheit in the winter. There is an average of
12 inches of rain per year. Fog is common in El Segundo, particularly in the neighborhoods
bordering the Pacific Ocean.The marine layer and ocean breezes ease the hot summer
temperatures and minimize smog in the city.
1.6.2 HISTORY OF EL SEGUNDO
The El Segundo and Los Angeles coastal area was first settled by the Tongva (or Gabrielenos)
and Chumash Native American tribes hundreds of years ago. In the late 1800's, El Segundo was
mostly uninhabited land used for dry farming. The land was once part of the Sausal Redondo
Rancho controlled by Daniel Freeman, the founder of Inglewood. In 1885, most of the rancho
was sold in square mile sections to wealthy investors. While the beach areas of the south
attracted some residents, the El Segundo and airport land in late 1910 was vacant.
Standard Oil Company, recognizing the need for a refinery in Southern California, sent a large
party of executives from the East as well as California to scout for a site in November 1910. El
Segundo area was an easy choice, being mostly vacant, with ocean access providing a water
source for cooling and close to oil fields. William Rheem, having constructed and managed
Standard Oil's refinery at Point Richmond, was instrumental in building a second refinery at El
Segundo. The city earned its name ("the second" in Spanish) as it was the site of the second
Standard Oil refinery on the West Coast.
In late May 1911, construction had begun on the refinery after a two-mile long rail spur serving
the site was completed. One of the first major tasks was dealing with the sand dunes. About
400 mules, mule-skinners, and Fresno scrapers were brought in to level sites for the refinery
structures and storage tanks. In September 1911, Hanna invited Rheem down from San
Francisco to "fire" the No. 1 battery of stills starting the production of end products. Raw crude
had been accumulating in storage tanks having arrived by pipeline from the Whittier-Fullerton
oil fields. By the end of the year, reportedly Standard Oil had spent over$1,000,000 of the
$3,000,000 allotted to complete the refinery.
By the end of 1912, El Segundo had grown from a "tent city" to include 180 homes and 20
businesses, a school, a bank, churches and five hotels. The El Segundo Land and Improvement
Company offered Standard Oilers inducements to those wanting to build a home.This
company managed the growth of El Segundo until the city incorporated on January 18, 1917.
The city grew along with the growth of the refinery. There were other short-lived smaller
ventures such as a tractor assembly plant that later became a tile manufacturing plant.
Next door to the north Mine's Field, a landing strip used by early aviators was chosen as the site
for the Los Angeles Municipal Airport. Expansion with the official opening of
the airport in 1930 ushered in numerous aviation companies.The Douglas Aircraft Company
plant in El Segundo was one of the major aircraft manufacturing facilities in California during
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World War II. The likes of Hughes Aircraft, Northrop, Interstate, and North American Aviation
(Northrop) all located in El Segundo. After a high point of activity during WWII many of these
companies eventually transitioned into the aerospace/defense industry. In the 1960's, the
addition of the Aerospace Company Corporation and the Los Angeles Air Force Base gave El
Segundo claim to the title of"The Aerospace Capital of the World".Today, the city's population
has leveled off around 16,500, which has enabled the community to preserve its small town
intimacy and charm.
1.6.3 GOVERNMENT
The City of El Segundo is a general law city with a Council/Manager form of government. There
are seven elected offices --five Council Members, one Treasurer and one City Clerk. All offices
in general law cities are non-partisan.The El Segundo City Council serves as the governingboard
for the City. Council-appointed officials include the City Manager and City Attorney.
City Council members establish policy for the City. The City Manager and staff are responsible
for implementing the policies. The City Council adopts an annual budget that establishes City
services and service levels; establishes tax rates, license fees, assessments, franchises and other
forms of revenue as set forth by Government Code; direct the development of the City by
adopting a General Plan and supporting the Zoning Code; authorize contracts and leases, and
disposes of City real and personal property. El Segundo is part of the South Bay Cities Council of
Governments, a joint powers authority of 16 cities and the County of Los Angeles that share the
goal of maximizing the quality of life and productivity for the region.
1.6.4 ECONOMY
El Segundo is home to many businesses and corporations including Chevron USA, Raytheon,
DirecTV, International Rectifier, Boeing, Mattel, Motorola, NCR Corporation, Northrop
Grumman, Oracle-America, Inc., The Aerospace Corporation, Xerox, and the Toyota Sports
Center serving the Los Angeles Lakers, and L.A. Kings professional sports franchises. Many of
these businesses are Fortune 500 companies.
The Los Angeles Air Force Base (LAAFB), home of the Space and Missile Systems Center, is
located within the city. LAAFB is the Air Force's premier space acquisition center, and also the
home of the 61st Air Base Group.The 61st is the host unit at LAAFB, and commands all the Air
Force support groups and units assigned to the base. Other tenant units include AFOSI
Detachment 810 and the 369th Recruiting Squadron. The center manages research,
development and acquisition of military space systems, and is the only active duty base in the
Los Angeles area with 1,405 active duty and 1,117 civilian workers at the base.
The following table shows the employers with the highest amount of employees in El Segundo
(Source: City of El Segundo Business Services Division).
City of El Segundo
Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan 14
January 2015
Table 1-2:2013 Principal Employers in El Segundo
1, Raytheon Company 6,117
2, Boeing Satellite Systems, Inc, 5,229
— ----p.......................................w...............................................3........
.....................
..........................................................
3 Northrop Cor • 'S72 .....
............................
4. The DirecTV Group, Inc. 2,864
_.m �__
5. The Aerospace Corp, 2,580
..... ........................-.Los... ........�..... . �_ �.m
6, Angeles Air Force Base 2,522
7 Mattel 1,857
g, Chevron 1,166
9, Accenture 964
10„ Time Warner Cable/Sports........................._ __.
661
11, Carsdirect.com 1 442
12, Teledyne Controls 391
13, International Rectifier Corp. 370
14, Big 5 364
15. Karl Storz Endoscopy America, Inc. 328
..16....._ .
Team One Advertising 296
1.6.5 DEMOGRAPHICS
According to the United States Census Bureau, El Segundo's population in 2013 was 16,924. El
Segundo is the 366th most populated city in the state of California out of 1,488 cities. El
Segundo has a large daily commuter population of approximately 47,000—up by 277.7%—
while excluding 45 percent (Gallup Daily estimate of U.S. employment) of possible residents
that work outside the city, making the population over 63,900 during each work day.
According to the 2010 Census, 5.0 percent of El Segundo's population was under five years of
age; 22.3 percent was under 18 years of age; 62.6 percent was between 18 and 64 years of age;
and 10.1 percent were 65 years old or older.The median age in El Segundo in 2010 was 39
years.
The 2010 Census also indicates that El Segundo's racial composition is as follows: 69.2 percent
White, 5.3 percent Asian, 18.6 percent Hispanic or Latino, 2 percent Black or African American,
1.3 percent other races,0.4 percent American Indian and Alaska Native, 0.2 percent Native
Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander, and 3.0 percent two or more races.
In addition, the 2010 Census estimated that 9,682 residents of El Segundo were part of the labor
force. Of that number, an estimated 9,115 were employed and 567 were unemployed, for an
approximate unemployment rate of 4.2 percent.The median income in El Segundo in
2010 was $86,364; the 2010 per capita income was estimated at$44,188.
City of El Segundo
Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan 15
January 2015
Q
The total estimated number of people living in El Segundo with a disability in a non-institutional
setting is 6.9 percent, or 1,168 people. Of those 1,168 people, 2.9 percent are under the age of
18, 4.4 percent are aged 18-64, and 92.7%are 65 years and older.
City of El Segundo
Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan 16
January 2015
0
offiNWHOMMIONMENEENNNOMMEM
M.
The requirements for documentation of the HMP planning process are described below. This
section summarizes the Planning Area's hazard mitigation planning efforts in 2014-2015, and
further describes the 2015 HMP revision process. In addition, the section describes public and
stakeholder outreach efforts as part of the 2015 HMP revision process.The section also
summarizes the review and incorporation of existing plans, studies, and reports used to develop
the 2015 HMP. Documentation of the 2015 HMP planning process is provided in Appendices B,
C, and D: Planning Team Meetings, Stakeholder Meetings and Outreach, Public Meetings and
Outreach.
FEMA REGULATION CHECKLIST:PLANNING PROCESS
Documentation of the Planning Process
44 CFR§201.6(c)(1):The plan shall include documentation of the planning process used to develop the
plan,including how it was prepared,who was involved in the process,and how the public was involved.
Elements
Al. Does the Plan document the planning process, including how it was prepared and who was involved
in the process for each jurisdiction?44 CFR§201.6(c)(1).
A2. Does the Plan document an opportunity for neighboring communities, local and regional agencies
involved in hazard mitigation activities,agencies that have the authority to regulate development as well as
other interests to be involved in the planning process?44 CFR 201.6(b)(2)
A3. Does the Plan document how the public was involved in the planning process during the drafting stage?
44 CFR 201.6(b)(1)and 201.6(c)(1)
A4. Does the Plan document the review and incorporation of existing plans,studies, reports,and technical
information?44 CFR 201.6(b)(3)
A5. Is there discussion on how the community will continue public participation in the plan maintenance
process?44 CFR 201.6(c)(4)(iii)
A6. Is there a description of the method and schedule for keeping the plan current(monitoring,evaluating
and updating the mitigation plan within a 5-year cycle)?44 CFR 201.6(c)(4)(i)
Source:FEMA,Local Mitigation Planning Handbook Review'FoW, March 2013.
2.12015 PLAN REVISION PROCESS
In late July 2014, the El Segundo Emergency Management Coordinator began the process of
revising the 2009 HMP. An email was sent to department directors to assign a person from each
department to the Hazard Mitigation planning team for the purpose of reviewing, assessing,
and revising the 2009 HMP. Members of the HMP planning team are listed in Table 2-1, below.
Table 2-1:2015 HMP Planning Team
Department or Agency Member Name Key Role
Lead Emergency..Planner,...Primary.EM.D.......................
Emergency Denise Davis, Emergency Point of Contact, Input and guidance on
Management Division Management Coordinator people with disabilities, or access and
functional needs
Steve Jones, Manager ES capabilities,facilities, and mitigation
Finance Business Service Division projects
...F..
ire...Department Kevin Smith, Fire Chief ESFD capabilities and mitigation projects,
City of El Segundo
Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan 17
January 2015
.................................. 1 ..... ....... 0
fire and hazardous materials related
hazards
Larry Klingaman, Manager
HMP web site, critical systems input,
Information Services Information Services survey, Geographic Information System
(GIS), HAZUS, and website maintenance
Information Services Mike McDaniel, GIS GIS, land use and development, HAZUS
study of critical El Segundo facilities
Library Mark Herbert,Senior Public and stakeholder outreach
Librarian planning and implementation
Planning and Building Sam Lee, Director Planning El Segundo building inventory, regulate
Safety and Building Safety development,planning capabilities and
......_.....
mitigation projects, El Segundo assets
Planning and Building Masa Alkire, Principal Planner El Segundo assets and planning projects,
Safety land use and regulate development
.. ... .e.p..............mm .
Cpt. Robert Turnbull,
ESPD capabilities and mitigation
Police D artment projects, terrorism-related hazards,
Administrative Services
plan review
Police Department Administrative Services projects,security-Department Lt. Raymond Garcia, ESPD capabilities and mitigation
j y-related hazards
Stephanie Katsouleas, El Segundo capabilities,facilities,
Public Works Director Public Works mitigation projects and regulate
r................................................
development
El Segundo capabilities,facilities,
Public Works Ron Fajardo, General Services mitigation projects and regulate
Manager
development
..........................................
Recreation and Parks Mark Trujillo, Park El Segundo capabilities,facilities, and
Maintenance Superintendent mitigation projects
Three meetings were held with the planning team: August 6, 2014, September 17, 2014 and
November 19, 2014.The Emergency Management Coordinator hosted and served as chair of
the planning team. The Emergency Management Coordinator also developed the agendas,
copied documents for review and sent out meeting notices. At the first meeting, August 6,
2014, a description of the plan revision process was provided, along with the feedback from
the FEMA review of the 2009 HMP. Information from other El Segundo plans, including the
2009 HMP, the 2013 Emergency Operations Plan (EOP), and the 1992 General Plan Safety
Element was presented. The planning team also reviewed the local mitigation plan
requirements under the Stafford Act regulations and the October 2011 Local Mitigation Plan
Review Guide in an effort to assist the planning team in understanding the scope of the plan
revision process. The planning team decided that a complete overhaul of the 2009 HMP would
be required to bring the HMP to the current standards. A presentation was developed to
facilitate the meeting.
The planning team reviewed the hazards that were identified in the 1992 Safety Element, the
2009 HMP, and the 2013 EOP along with other hazards to consider. Lists of the critical facilities
and mitigation actions identified in the 2009 plan were presented for review. The planning
City of El Segundo
Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan 18
January 2015
0
team was given the assignment and materials to review the hazards and critical facilities
addressed in the 2009 HMP and provide their recommendations for revision to the Emergency
Management Coordinator within two weeks.The process established was for the Emergency
Management Coordinator to compile the recommendations and send them back out to the
planning team for a final review prior to incorporating them into the 2015 plan.
The planning team members agreed upon the compiled list of hazards and the critical facilities
to be included in the revised plan.The planning team also reviewed and made
recommendations on the public-stakeholder outreach plan and efforts.The method of
distributing assignments for review and collecting team member input was used throughout
the planning process to accommodate schedule restraints of the planning team. The process of
EMD developing portions of the plan and sending the draft items to the planning team for
review, recommendations, and approval worked very well between the scheduled planning
team meetings.
At the second planning team meeting, September 17, 2014, the planning team reviewed the list
of mitigation actions from the 2009 HMP. A comment from the FEMA reviewer of the plan
stated "Develop and consider only mitigation actions that are truly mitigation in nature." The
planning team agreed to review the 2009 list of approximately 300 mitigation actions for a
period of two weeks and send their recommendations on which actions should be removed
from the list back to the Emergency Management Coordinator. It was agreed that the list had
redundancies and all of the non- mitigation actions should be deleted from the list.The
Emergency Management Coordinator summarized the input from the planning team and the
updated mitigation actions list was circulated back to team members for confirmation prior to
revising that section of the HMP. In the 2009 plan the STAPLEE tool was used to prioritize the
action items. The planning team agreed to not use the STAPLEE tool but to develop an action
plan with a simple method of how the actions will be prioritized, implemented, and
administered. At this meeting, planning team members were also asked to submit City assets,
such as authorities and policies, legal and regulatory resources, staff, and fiscal resources to be
included in the mitigation strategy section of the HMP. Planning team members also were
asked to provide a status on the completion of mitigation projects adopted as part of the 2009
HMP, and to submit new mitigation actions and project ideas to be included in the revised plan.
Again the process of the planning team members taking plan materials for review and returning
their recommendations and ideas back to the Emergency Management Coordinator on behalf
of their department was used successfully.
The Emergency Management Coordinator also performed research on action items from the
2009 plan that were completed by reviewing approved budget reports and searching the
accomplishments of each department and the goals and objectives for the next year.
Departmental budget reports from 2009 through 2015 were reviewed to provide material for
the completed mitigation actions and new actions for the mitigation strategy. Departments that
had current and ongoing projects provided project information, such as a timeline, project
funding, and project administration to include in the action plan.
City of El Segundo
Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan 19
January 2015
u,
reflect information from the hazard profiles, risk analysis, and input from the stakeholder and
public survey. A draft version of the action plan was reviewed and comments were given that
were incorporated into that section.The planning team also provided input on how the 2015
HMP will be integrated into other planning processes. The Emergency Management
Coordinator also presented the planning team with the final asset lists for review and
comment.
Documentation of the planning process for the planning team is shown in Appendix B:
Planning Process Documentation.
From mid-August through December, planning team members received requests for
information and portions of the draft plan by email for review and comment. The Emergency
Management Coordinator also met with individual planning team members for specific
information necessary for the plan. The Emergency Management Coordinator incorporated
planning team feedback, and provided team members with a revised draft 2015 HMP for
review in late-January.The draft HMP was presented to City Council and the Disaster Council
on January 27, 2015. A two week review period was given for comments.The following efforts
were made to receive comments and recommendations about the draft 2015 HMP:
• A draft version of the 2015 HMP was made available on the City's website for a 15-day
public comment review period on January 28, 2015. Information advertising the
availability of the draft 2015 HMP for review and comment was put on El Segundo TV
and on the City website.The plan was left on the City website indefinitely for review
until the plan was on the agenda for the City Council meeting (April7,2015).
• On January 28, 2015 the draft 2015 HMP was distributed to all members of the Business
and Industry Emergency Management Group for a 2-week review period.
• On January 29, 2015 the draft 2015 HMP was distributed to emergency management
staff of each city participant of Area G.
• On January 28, 2015 the draft 2015 HMP was distributed to the El Segundo Faith Based
Emergency Preparedness Group.
Upon submittal to and approval by FEMA, this HMP will be presented to City Council for
adoption at a regularly scheduled City Council Meeting. Upon adoption by City Council, the
HMP will be modified to reflect the adoption.
On May 13, 2015,The Emergency Management Coordinator sent the revised public comment
draft of the 2015 HMP to Cal OES for a preliminary review. Dependent on the outcome of the
Cal OES review, the HMP will be sent to FEMA for the final review.
A crosswalk was developed of the 44 CFR requirements and locations of the requirements in
the 2009 and 2015 HMPs. Table 2-2 also serves to show the revisions that were made from the
2009 plan to the 2015 HMP.
City of El Segundo
Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan
January 2015 20
0
Table 2-2: �anRex�onsCrosswa�
44 CFR Requirement 2009 HMP 2015 HMP
Al. Does the Plan document the .Po�1:Mitigation Actions The planning process is
planning process, including how itwas describes who participated in documented in Section Z.
prepared and who was involved in the the development ofthe plan
process for each jurisdiction? (pages 6-7).
44CFR /1/ �
�
A2. Does the Plan document an Appendix B Attachment 2 Section% describes the
opportunity for neighboring provides o list of people that planning opportunities for
communities, local and regional reviewed the plan from stakeholders and the public.
agencies invoked in hazard mitigation outside the city(page 204' Section 2.2.1 specifically
activities, agencies that have the 205). describes the interaction
authority to regulate development as with stakeholder agencies in �
well as other interests to be involved in the planning process.
the planning process?
44CFR2016(b)(2) _____ _____ ______
A3. Doesthe P|an document hovvthe Appendix B: Public Section holders and the
public was involved in the planning Participation public.Section 2.2.2
process during the drafting stage? specifically describes the
44CFRJ02.6/b/(l)and 202.6/d/2/ interaction with the public in
- _ the�|�nni
n�
_______
A4. Does the Plan document the review Section 2: Plan Maintenance Section 2.3 outlines the
and incorporation of existing plans, describes that the plan used incorporation of existing plans
studies, reports, and technical existing programs(page 39) and other technical
information? 44CFR201.6/b/(3) information into the HMP.
AS. {s there discussion on how the Continued public involvement Section 2.4 describes how the
community will continue public is explained in Section 2:Plan public will be included inplan
participation in the plan maintenance Maintenance(page 4l). maintenance process.
_process?44[FR202.6(c)/4/(iii)
�
A6. |s there a description ofthe method Section 2:Plan Maintenance Section 2.5 (2.5.1-2.5.S)
and schedule for keeping the plan details a formal update describes the plan
current(monitorin0' evaluating and process for evaluation and maintenance methods and
updating the mitigation plan within aS' revision of the plan every five schedule for keeping the plan
year cycle)? (c)/4/(i) years(pages 4U'41). current.
B1. Does the Plan include adescription Section 4:Risk Assessment— Section 3 provides the
of the type, location, and extent ofall Table 4'1 lists the location, description of each hazard
natural hazards that can affect each extent,and probability ofthe (natura|,technological,and
jurisdiction? hazards(page 98).Sections S' human caused)that iapresent
44OcR2D2.6(c)/2/(i)and 44 CFR 6'7'8'and 0 describe the type tn include the type,location,
202.6(c)(2)(iii) of hazards. extent,previous occurrences,
and probability offuture
events.
'------ ----
B2. Does the Plan include information Table 4'1 lists the location, Section 3.2 (3.2.1-3.%.12)
on previous occurrences ofhazard extent,and probabi|\tyof describeuthisinformationfor�
-- `
��
OtyofB3egundo
Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan
January 2015 21
events and on the .probability of future"........... wwwww�..........g .... the
p y future hazard events(page all hazards present in the
hazard events for each jurisdiction?44 98).Sections 5,6, 7,8,and 9 planning area. Each hazard
CFR 201.6(c)(2)(i) describe the history of each profile describes previous
hazard. occurrences and the
probability of future events.
tion of each Sections 5,6, 7,8,and 9 Section 3.5 outlines.��
B3. Is there a description tlines the e impact
identified hazard's impact on the describe the impact of each of each hazard and includes a
community as well as an overall hazard.Table 4-3 lists essential vulnerability assessment,list of
summary of the community's facilities and which hazard critical facilities,values at risk,
vulnerability for each jurisdiction? they are vulnerable to(page and a table with figures
44 CFR 201.6(c)(2)(ii) 101). indicating potential loss.
B4. Does the Plan address NFIP insured On page 130 there is a Section 3.4 describes the City's
structures within each jurisdiction that sentence stating there is no NFIP participation and
have been repetitively damaged by evidence of any flood-related repetitive loss due to flooding.
floods?44 CFR 201.6(c)(2)(ii) loss properties.
C1. Does the plan document each -m __.............................._ce _.....................
......... ......
There is a resource directory in Section 4 documents the City's
jurisdiction's existing authorities, Appendix A.On page 10 there capabilities:Table 4.1 includes
policies, programs and resources, and its is a list of plans as existing legal and regulatory assets,
ability to expand on and improve these programs. Table 4.2 lists administrative
existing policies and programs?44 CFR and technical resources,and
201.6(c)(3) Table 4.3 lists financial
resources.
......... .................
C2. Does the Plan address each NFIP was not adopted at the Section 4.2 addresses the
jurisdiction's participation in the time the 2009 plan was City's participation and
NFIP and continued compliance with written. compliance with the NFIP
NFIP requirements, as appropriate? requirements.
44 CFR 201.6(c)(3)(ii)
C3. Does the Plan...include goals to The plan goals are in Part 1: In Section 4.3.,Table 4.4 lists
reduce/avoid long-term vulnerabilities Mitigation Actions on page 7- the revised goals for the 2015
to the identified hazards?44 CFR 8. HMP.
201.6(c)(3)(i)
C4. Does the Plan identify and analyze a Table 1 is a Mitigation Actions In Section 4.4,Table 4.5 lists 31
comprehensive range of specific Matrix that lists multi-hazard newly developed mitigation
mitigation actions and projects for each action items(pages 11-29). actions and projects to reduce
jurisdiction being considered to reduce Many of the items listed are the effects of hazards for new
the effects of hazards,with emphasis on preparedness activities and existing buildings and
new and existing buildings and unrelated to mitigation that infrastructure.
infrastructure? should not be on the list.
44 CFR 201.6(c)(3)(H)and 44 CFR
201.6(c)(3).(iv)............ _
C5. Does the Plan contain an action plan STAPLEE Prioritization Tool .... .....
- Section 4.5 lays out an action
that describes how the actions identified Table 2-1(pages 42—90). plan to prioritize the
will be prioritized (including cost benefit implementation of the
review), implemented, and administered mitigation actions.
by each jurisdiction?
44 CFR 201.6(c)(3)(iii)and
City of El Segundo
Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan
January 2015 22
0
.,w,W.......................................................... ._w_..,.....,...,,,,,,,.__...__....................-..._...............................................................................-...._..........................................................................................................................
_-..,........
44 CFR(c)(3)(iv)
C6. Does the Plan describe a process by 2:Section Ian ......
i P Maintenance Section 4.6 describes how the
which local governments will integrate describes how the plan will be City will integrate the
the requirements of the mitigation plan implemented through existing requirements of the HMP into
into other planning mechanisms, such as programs and incorporated other plans and procedures.
comprehensive or capital improvement into existing planning
plans, when appropriate? mechanisms.Page 39
44 CFR 20
1.6(c)(4)(ii)
.............
D1. Was the plan rev
is
ed to reflect Not applicable for initial plan Section 5.1 describes how the
changes in development?44 CFR plan was revised to reflect
201.6(d)(3) changes in development.
............................ .............................................
D2. Was the plan revised to reflect Not applicable for initial plan Section 5.2 describes how the
progress in local mitigation efforts? plan was revised to reflect
44 CFR 201.6(d)(3) progress in mitigation efforts.
D3. Was the plan revised to reflect Not applicable p pp le for initial plan Section 5.3 describes how the
changes in priorities? plan was revised to reflect
44 CFR 201.5(d)(3) changes in priorities._
E1. Does the Plan include The plan provides a copy of Section 6.1 includes the
documentation that the plan has been the plan adoption by City resolution of formal adoption
formally adopted by the governing body Council(page 206-207). of the HMP by City Council.
of the jurisdiction requesting approval?
44 CFR 201.6(c)(5)
E2. For multi-jurisdictional plans, has Not Applicable Not Applicable
each jurisdiction requesting approval of
the plan documented formal plan
adoption?
44 CFR 201.6(c)(5)
2.2 STAKEHOLDER AND PUBLIC OUTREACH
A requirement is that the HMP must document an opportunity for neighboring communities,
local and regional agencies involved in hazard mitigation activities, agencies that have the
authority to regulate development as well as other interests to be involved in the planning
process (44 CFR § 201.6(b)(2)).The plan must also document how the public was involved in
the planning process during the drafting stage (44 CFR § 201.6(b)(3)).
At the July 29, 2014 Disaster Council Meeting, the revision of the 2009 hazard mitigation plan
was discussed. Members of the El Segundo City Council, department directors, planning team
members, the American Red Cross, and the superintendent of the El Segundo Unified School
District were present and provided recommendations on the public and stakeholder outreach
process. An outline of the revision of the HMP was presented and discussed. A question and
answer period was given, and recommendations from the meeting attendees were given
regarding the plan update. The discussion included a two-pronged strategy for reaching out
to the public, focused on efforts during the drafting phase and prior to plan adoption.The
recommendations were to utilize existing groups in the city such as civic organizations, city
City of El Segundo
Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan
January 2015 23
commissions, the business community, and school district, and established community fairs to
conduct outreach for public input.
2.2.1 STAKEHOLDER OUTREACH
To facilitate stakeholder involvement for the 2015 HMP revision, the Emergency
Management Coordinator conducted presentations to groups within the community and
provided an overview of the 2015 HMP update, gave presentations of information, provided a
survey for input, and answered questions regarding the plan revision process. The Emergency
Management Coordinator conducted the following stakeholder outreach:
•
El Segundo Business and Industry Emergency Management Group
Two meetings of the Business and Industry Emergency Management Group were
devoted to the 2015 HMP revision. The meetings were held on July 29, 2014, and
September 23, 2014 at the City's Emergency Operations Center (EOC). The
Emergency Management Coordinator hosted and led both meetings, and provided
materials for the meeting attendees to review. At the first meeting, the Emergency
Management Coordinator gave a presentation about the requirements for the
revision, the revision process, and hazards from the 2009 HMP, the 1992 Safety
Element, and the 2013 EOP. The group discussed the hazards in the city and what
threats concerned the members, on behalf of the businesses they work for, the most.
The group also discussed the vulnerability assessment, critical facilities, and provided
input on those subjects.The group also shared information from the business plans
of their employers as input for the plan revision.
At the second meeting, the Emergency Management Coordinator presented
information on the hazard mitigation goals, actions, and mitigation strategies.The
group discussed strategies that involved businesses and how the City could best
assist the businesses in mitigating hazards. Both meetings were entirely focused on
the revision of the HMP. Group members provided input and provided
recommendations during the meetings, and often afterwards, via email or phone
calls.The Business and Industry Group was also sent a hazard mitigation survey to
complete to provide input. Of the 50 members on the roster that were sent the
survey, 12 completed it.Their responses in summary showed concerns about
earthquakes, hazardous materials and terrorism incidents. The surveys reflected
most businesses were well prepared or very well prepared for a disaster, and most
have emergency management staff on site. Business personnel responded they
prefer emails, alert/warning devices, and phone/text to receive information of an
emergency or disaster.
•
El Segundo Faith Based Emergency Preparedness Group
Two meetings were held with the El Segundo Faith Based Emergency Preparedness
Group focusing entirely on the HMP revision. The meetings were held on August 13,
2014,and November 19, 2014.The meeting included representatives from El Segundo
United Methodist Church, Saint Michaels's Episcopal Church,Saint Andrews Catholic
Church,the Bridge Foursquare Church, and the American Red Cross. At the first
meeting, Emergency Management Coordinator gave a presentation about the
requirements for the revision, the revision process, and hazards from the 2009
HMP, the 1992 Safety Element, and
City of El Segundo
Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan 24
January 2015
Q
the 2013 EOP. The group discussed the hazards in the city and what threats
concerned the members the most.The group also discussed the vulnerability
assessment, critical facilities, and provided input on those subjects.
At the second meeting, the Emergency Management Coordinator presented
information on the hazard mitigation goals and mitigation actions, and mitigation
strategies. The information presented at the meeting was distributed via email to the
complete membership of the group on behalf of those pastors and church leaders that
could not make the meeting with a request for input.The Group was also sent a
hazard mitigation survey to complete to provide input. Of the ten people that were
sent the survey, three completed it.The people that completed the survey were
primarily concerned with earthquakes, severe weather and climate change with the
effect of air pollution hazards. They answered they were moderately prepared for a
disaster and prefer to receive disaster information through emails and the internet.
They also answered they were equally responsible to conduct preparedness activities
in conjunction with the City.
The following additional activities were undertaken as part of outreach to stakeholders
regarding the 2015 HMP:
• The Los Angeles County Office of Emergency Management was sent the draft HMP
for review to provide comments and recommendations.
• Area G Disaster Coordinators for the neighboring cities were sent the draft 2015 HMP
for review and input.
• The American Red Cross Los Angeles (ARCLA) was sent the revised 2015 HMP for
review and comment.
• The Business and Industry Emergency Management Group was sent the revised 2015
HMP for review and comment.
• The Faith Based Emergency Preparedness Group was sent the revised 2015 HMP for
review and comment.
For documentation of the above 2015 HMP stakeholder outreach efforts, see Appendix C,
Stakeholder Outreach.
2.2.2 PUBLIC OUTREACH
To begin the public outreach the Emergency Management Coordinator created a survey
regarding public opinion on numerous hazard related issues and mitigation actions.The survey
was placed on the City's web site located at www.elsmindo.or . The Emergency Management
Coordinator issued a press release on the 2015 HMP revision process, and posted the surveyon
the website on September 11, 2014.The survey (included in Appendix D) stated that El
Segundo sought input for the HMP revision and hazard mitigation issues, and on disaster
preparedness related issues aswell.
The Emergency Management Coordinator felt outreach could be conducted to the general
public through existing civic and non-governmental organizations in the city. A PowerPoint
presentation was developed that could be tailored to each organization that would host a
meeting. Presentations were given to several groups and the website survey was also
City of El Segundo 25
Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan
January 2015
0
presented to the attendees.The comments and recommendations were documented by the
Emergency Management Coordinator, and in several instances the survey was completed by
people attending the presentation.
There were 112 responses to the online survey. Although this number is few, the calculated
percentages for the answers to the survey were telling.The primary threats of concern were
earthquakes (33%very concerned and 26%extremely concerned) and hazardous materials
incidents (27%concerned and 26%extremely concerned). More than half of the responding
citizens have prepared a disaster supply kit(56%), stored water (61%), and stored non-
perishable food (87%). Most homes have medical supplies (63%), smoke detectors (94%), and
carbon monoxide detectors (73%). Members of the public selected they like to receive
information about emergencies and disasters from government entities (57%), the local fire
department (62%), and public safety campaigns (63%).The highest rated projects the
participants selected for hazard mitigation were retrofitting of critical facilities, bridges, roads,
water supply and wastewater drainage (65%). Participants also agreed somewhat (51%) that
the government is responsible to provide education programs for hazard mitigation compared
to (72%) strongly agreeing it is their personal responsibility to be educated and take actions to
reduce exposure to hazards.
The following additional activities were undertaken as part of outreach to members
of the community regarding the 2015 HMP:
• An article released in the El Segundo Herald described the revision process for the
2015 HMP and advertised the hazard mitigation survey on the City's website.
• A notice was placed on the City's website about the 2015 HMPrevision and requested
citizens complete the survey.
• El Segundo TV ran an advertisement about the revision to the HMP and advertised the
survey on the City's website, asking community members to participate.
• The Emergency Management Division had a booth displaying information about the
hazard mitigation plan at the Richmond Street Fair in El Segundo on September 27,
2014 from 9:00 to 5:00 PM. A survey asking community members 12 questions about
their opinions on hazards, personal and City emergency preparedness efforts,
mitigation actions and projects, distribution of emergency preparedness information,
and other related questions was distributed to community members to fill out. There
were an estimated 5,000 people that attended the street fair. Approximately 50
people completed the survey.
• On September 30, 2014, a presentation was given to El Segundo Kiwanis, a civic
organization that is very active in the community. An overview of the HMP and the
revision process was discussed and a survey was given to the attendees to provide
input. Kiwanis members also provided verbal input during the meeting which was
incorporated into the HMP where appropriate.There were 28 people at the
presentation.
• A presentation was given to Teradata, Inc. on October 14, 2014. The presentation
included information on the hazards in the city and an overview of the HMP revision
.........................................................................................................._...
City of El Segundo 26
Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan
January 2015
I
Ar'
process was discussed. A survey was distributed to the attendees to provide input.
Many employees had questions about what to do if an earthquake occurs and they
can't get out of the city.There were 60 people at the presentation.
An advertisement asking community members to participate in the website hazard
mitigation survey was distributed to student families through school E-newsletters.
The E-newsletters were emailed to parents of students through the El Segundo
Unified School District.The advertisement is included in Appendix D.
The complete revised draft version of the 2015 HMP was posted on the City's
website on January 28, 2015, with a link forthe public to make comments.
El Segundo TV ran an advertisement about the draft 2015 HMP being posted on the
City's website, and soliciting community members to review the draft plan on the
website and provide comments.
For documentation of the above 2015 HMP public outreach efforts, see Appendix D, Public
Outreach.
2.3 INCORPORATION OF EXISTING PLANS AND OTHER TECHNICAL INFORMATION
The requirements for review and incorporation of existing plans, studies, reports, and
technical information (44 CFR§201.6(b)(3)), as described in the federal regulations are
described below.
During the plan revision process, members of the planning team reviewed and incorporated
information from several existing plans, studies, and reports into the 2015 HMP.These
documents and reports are listed below:
• El Segundo Emergency Operations Plan (EOP) (2013). The hazard section of the EOP
provided a basis for the hazards identified in the 2015 HMP.
• El Segundo General Plan, Safety Element(1992):The hazards identified in the 1992
Safety Element provided natural hazard profile information for seismic hazards,
including ground shaking and ground failure, flooding and tsunami inundation
hazards, and urban fires.
• El Segundo General Plan (1992):The land use and development trends identified in
the General Plan provided guidance for development trends identified in the 2015
HMP vulnerability analysis.
• El Segundo General Plan, Land Use Element(1992): Land use and development
trends identified in the Land Use Element provided guidance for developmenttrends
identified in the 2015 HMP vulnerability analysis.
• El Segundo Environmental Impact Analysis: Hydrology and Water Quality,2004,
provided information for the 2015 HMP groundwater impacts and storm water
flooding hazard profile.
• Environmental Impact Report: Chevron El Segundo Marine Terminal Lease Renewal
Project was used to obtain information about pipeline and oil spill hazards.
• El Segundo Building Codes: These codes were used in developing new mitigation actions.
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0
0 El Segundo Local Coastal Plan, 1980:was used to obtain information for the tsunami
hazard and develop mitigation actions.
0 2014 Los Angeles Department of Public Health Climate and Health Series Report 2:
Frameworkfor Addressing Climate Change,August 2014:This report provided information
that was used for the development of the climate change hazard profile.
a California Climate Adaptation Planning Guide (APG):The 2012 APG provides
information on the effects of climate change on California, and provided adaptation
planning guidance used in the development of the climate change hazard profile.
• 2013 State of California Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan:The State HMP was reviewed to
ensure the alignment of the El Segundo HMP with the state's current hazard profiles
and mitigation strategy.
The Emergency Management Coordinator also reviewed parts of the 2013 California State
Hazard Mitigation Plan, 2011 City of Los Angeles Hazard Mitigation Plan, 2010 City of Santa
Clarita Hazard Mitigation Plan, 2014 City and County of San Francisco Hazard Mitigation Plan,
2013 Santa Monica hazard Mitigation Plan, and the 2014 County of Los Angeles All-Hazard
Mitigation Plan for input to the El Segundo HMP or planning ideas and guidance.
2.4 CONTINUED PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN PLAN MAINTENANCE
The overall success of the HMP is through implementation of the plan's hazard mitigation
strategy and activities to reduce the effects of hazards, protect people and property, and
improve the City's efforts to respond to and recover from disasters.The public members within
El Segundo are the ultimate benefactors of the HMP and must have continued input to the
HMP planning process.
El Segundo will strive to regularly keep the public aware of hazard mitigation projects that
take place as a result of the HMP through public information outreach such as press releases,
cable television announcements, public hearings, council and commission meetings, and
alerts on Nixle and Everbridge. After approval and adoption of the 2015 HMP, copies of the
plan will be placed on the City's website and in the El Segundo Library and on the library
web-based system. Public comment will continue to be solicited and appreciated. The
Emergency Management Division website page includes an e-mail address and phone number
to which people can direct
further comments or concerns. The Emergency Management Coordinator will publicize these
actions through issuance of a media release, cable television, and alerts via Nixle and
Everbridge.
Hazard mitigation projects are included in the City's Annual Strategic Plan. The City conducts
extensive public outreach during the strategic planning process and the public is invited to
open sessions during this time.This will serve as an opportunity to conduct outreach to the
public by conducting a survey for input on how the community feels about the progress being
made on HMP activities.The City provides press releases and information about projects to the
public on a regular basis, but at a minimum, the public will be engaged to learn about current
City of El Segundo
Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan
January 2015 28
W.' y
HMP activities, and given the opportunity to provide comments and information on an annual
basis
to update and maintain the HMP. The Emergency Management Coordinator will be responsible
to ensure the public is included and involved in the annual public plan update and outreach.
When the time comes to begin revising the 2015 HMP, the plan update process will begin and
include continued public involvement and input through attendance at designated public
meetings, web postings, through press releases to local media, community fairs and events, and
surveys. As part of this effort, a series of public meetings will be held and public comments will
be solicited on the revision to the plan according to the five-year cycle.
2.5 PLAN MAINTENANCE METHOD AND SCHEDULE
Implementation and maintenance of the plan is critical to the overall success of hazard
mitigation planning.This section details the process that El Segundo will use to monitor,
update, and evaluate the plan within the five year cycle of the plan's revision to ensure the
HMP remains an active and relevant document.The format of the plan aligns with the
regulation checklist and is divided into sections of information. When it is time to maintain or
revise the HMP, data can be easily located and incorporated, resulting in an easy method to
keep the plan current and relevant.
2.5.1 PLAN IMPLEMENTATION
The hazard mitigation plan includes a range of action items to reduce losses from hazard
events.Together, the action items provide a framework for activities that the City can choose
to implement over the next five years. The effectiveness of the plan depends on the
incorporation of the action items into existing City plans, policies, and programs. Although the
City Manager's Office will have primary department responsibility for the HMP's continual
review, coordination, and promotion, plan implementation and evaluation will be a shared
responsibility among all departments and agencies that contributed to the mitigation action
plan. The El Segundo City Manager and department directors will be jointly responsible for the
plan's implementation and maintenance through existing City programs. Division managers will
be responsible for implementing mitigation strategies and actions specific to their department
operations.The Emergency Management Coordinator in the City Manager's Office will assume
the lead responsibility for monitoring and tracking the activities, facilitating plan maintenance
and revisions, coordinating the HMP planning team, and making the actual updates to the plan.
2.5.2 HAZARD MITIGATION PLANNING TEAM
The planning team represents staff from each City department and other stakeholders that
contributed to the development of the initial 2009 HMP and revised 2015 plan.The Emergency
Management Coordinator oversaw the development of the plan, and made recommendations
on key elements of the plan, including the maintenance strategy.
The 2015 HMP followed recommendations from the 2009 plan that each City department be
represented on the planning team for the next plan revision. This philosophy will be continued
......................
City of El Segundo
Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan
January 2015 29
0
for future plan revisions through evaluations, maintenance, and updates of data, processes,
and programs. The planning team will convene annually to perform annual reviews of the
updated plan and its implementation. The planning team will include representation from
citizens, citizen groups, and stakeholders within the planning area.
If planning team members can no longer serve on the planning team, the department director
will assign another staff person to be on the planning team so that every City department is
represented.
2.5.3 ANNUAL PROGRESS REPORT
The onset of the planning process for the City's Annual Strategic Plan will serve as an
appropriate time to review the HMP and the implementation of mitigation actions. City staff
will not only review the HMP for input to the strategic plan, but take advantage of the strategic
plan to align annual reviews of the hazard mitigation plan to incorporate information. As annual
updates are completed, the public will be given an opportunity to review the changes to the
HMP.
The planning team will monitor the hazard mitigation strategies during the year and at a
meeting held during the time period of strategic planning will provide information for the
evaluation of the progress of the 2015 HMP. This evaluation will include:
• A summary of any hazard events that occurred during the prior year and theirimpact
on the planning area
• A review of successful mitigation initiatives identified in the 2015 plan
• A brief discussion about the targeted strategies that were not completed
• A re-evaluation of the action plan to determine if the timeline for identified projects
needs to be amended, and the reason for the amendment, e.g., funding issues
• Any recommendations for new projects
• Any changes in or potential for new funding options (grant opportunities)
• Any impacts of other planning programs or initiatives in the City that involve hazard
mitigation
The planning team will write a progress report that will be provided to the strategic planning
team for review and incorporation into the strategic plan.The hazard mitigation plan progress
report will also be posted on the City's website page dedicated to the hazard mitigation plan,
provided to the local media through a press release, and presented in the form of a report to
the El Segundo City Council.The planning team will strive to complete the progress report
process between June and July every year.
2.5.4 PLAN UPDATE
Section 201.6.d.3 of 44CFR requires that local hazard mitigation plans be reviewed, revised as
appropriate, and resubmitted for approval in order to remain eligible for benefits awarded
under the Disaster Mitigation Act.The City of El Segundo intends to update its hazard
mitigation plan on a 5-year cycle.
City of El Segundo
Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan
January 2015 30
0
Based on needs identified by the planning team, this update will, at a minimum, include the
following elements:
The hazard risk assessment will be reviewed and updated using the most recent
information and technologies.
0 The action plan will be reviewed and revised to account for any initiatives completed,
dropped, or changed and to account for changes in the riskassessment
0 Any new City policies identified under other planning mechanisms, asappropriate.
0 The draft update will be sent to appropriate agencies and organizations forcomment.
The public will be given an opportunity to comment on the update prior to adoption.
The El Segundo City Council will adopt the updated plan.
At a minimum of six months prior to the expiration date of the 2015 HMP,the planning team
will resume a plan revision schedule to formally update the 2015 plan.The plan will be revised
using the latest FEMA hazard mitigation guidance documents, such as a Mitigation Planning
Tool and Regulation Checklist to ensure compliance with hazard mitigation planning
regulations.
City of El Segundo
Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan
January 2015 31
This section of the HMP includes requirements for hazard profiles and a risk assessment, as
provided in the Code of Federal Regulations.
FEMA REGULATION CHECKLIST: RISK ASSESSMENT
Hazard Identification
44 CFR§201.6(c)(2)(i):The risk assessment shall include a description of the type of all natural hazards that
can affect the jurisdiction.
Elements
131. Does the Plan include a description of the type, location,and extent of all natural hazards that can
affect the jurisdiction? Requirement§201.6(c)(2)(i).
B2. Does the Plan include information on previous occurrences of hazard events and on the probability of
future hazard events for the jurisdiction?See 44 CFR§201.6(c)(2)(i).
B3. Is there a description of each identified hazard's impact on the community as well as an overall
summary of the community's vulnerability for each jurisdiction?Requirement§201.6(c)(2)(ii).
B4.Does the Plan address NFIP insured structures within the jurisdiction that have been repetitively
damaged by floods?Requirement§201.6(c)(2)(ii).
Source:FEMA,Local Mitigation Planning Handbook Review Tool, March 2013.
-. ....... ................................. ..
3.1 HAZARD IDENTIFICATION
The goal of mitigation is to reduce the future impacts of all types of hazards, including the loss
of life, property damage, disruption to the local economy, and the expenditure of public and
private funds for recovery.
Hazard Identification
A list of all hazards that had the potential to occur in El Segundo was presented to the planning
team, stakeholders and the general public through a survey, and a comparison chart of the
hazards listed in the 1992 Safety Element of the General Plan, the 2009 HMP, the 2013
Emergency Operations Plan and the California State Hazard Mitigation Plan.The FEMA
reviewer's comments from the 2009 Local Mitigation Plan Review Crosswalk were also provided
to the planning team for review.The comments stated that the descriptions of the hazards in
the 2009 HMP were vague and did not always relate to El Segundo.The planning team wanted
to ensure the hazards listed in the revised plan were more specific to the threat in El Segundo,
and add several hazards that weren't addressed in the 2009 HMP.Taking the reviewers
comments into consideration, and the recommendations from the stakeholders and the public,
the planning team decided to make the following changes to the hazards profiled in the 2015
HMP.Table 3-1 reflects the hazards in the 2009 HMP and hazards identified for the 2015 HMP.
Table 3-1: Hazard Identification Chart
Hazards Profiled in 2009 HMP Hazards Profiled in 2015 HMP
—
Earthquake Earthquake—Seismic hazards
Urban/Coastal Flooding Flooding—Localized Storms
W indstorm
_....,-, ................... Severe Weathe.r....... .... i.....
� —Wind, Heat and Tornados
City of El Segundo
Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan
January 2015 32
Tsunami Tsunami
Hazardous Materials U n ---- Hazardous Materials
Transportation
|
Tronsportation—AirandRai| /
Civil Unrest Removed due low potential
_
Domestic Terrorism Terrorism�
_Public Health Emergency Public Health—Epidemic, Pandemio
Not included in2OO9HK4P Pipeline—Oil Spills
Not included in2009HMP
Urban
���������. ��
Notinc|uded \n2UO9HK8P Drought
|
Not included in- 009HK�P -- Climate Change -----
'--------- -' ------- -
The 2015 HMP lists 12 hazards that affect the Planning Area based on historical information,
the presence of the hazard, and the likelihood of future occurrences of the hazard.The hazard
profiles serve as the basis of the hazard assessment.
3.1.1 ELSsGUmoO DISASTER PROCLAMATION HISTORY
The planning team reviewed historical information and more recent past events to identify
hazards where an emergency or disaster was proclaimed within the City.The following table
shows the history of disaster resolutions proclaimed for the City of El Segundo:
Table 3'2: E|Segundo Disaster Proclamation History
1928 #191 Impaired water pump in Well#1 causing public safety issue;the
resolution allowed for the immediate repair of the pump.
1946 #838 __ Anemer�enoywasprodaimedfnrthehousin�shorto�eforvet��r��__
1992 #3769 An emergency was proclaimed for the response to assist Los Angeles
durin8aRodneyKin0Trio|Civi| Disturbonce.
Director of Emergency Services proclaimed a local emergency from
1995
#3902'#3903 winter storm flooding.The emergency was affirmed and ratified by
�
City �
�y
#39O8 The winter storm emer8encV i ated by City Council.
Director of Emergency Services proclaimed a local emergency due to �
1908 #4049'#4050 flooding from a severe storm.The emergency was affirmed and
__,ratified by����
#4OS2 The severe xtormemergency was terminated by City Council,
A local emergency was proclaimed allowing for an immediate contract
I006 #4469 tobe awarded without bidding due toal2"water main break that
flooded the area.
3.1.3 DISASTER PROCLAMATION PnocBS
When there is a condition of extreme peril or potential peril to the safety of persons and
property, and the condition is beyond the capability of the local jurisdiction to control
effectively, the local governing body(city council, board of supervisors or a person authorized
by ordinance) may proclaim that a local emergency exists. The local government may request
the California Office of Emergency Services (Cal CIES) Director to concur in their proclamation of
- ���___��� �����._��
City ofE|Segundo 33
Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan
January 2015
a local emergency and to provide assistance under the California Disaster Assistance Act
(CDAA). In Los Angeles County, a copy of the resolution must be provided as soon as possible to
the Los Angeles County Operational Area for transmission to Cal OES. When a county proclaims
a local emergency pursuant to Section 8630 of the Government Code, based upon conditions
which include both incorporated and unincorporated territory of the county, it is not necessary
for the cities to also proclaim the existence of a local emergency independently. If sufficient
conditions occur, the State may proclaim a state of emergency to fully commit state and mutual
aid assistance and provide resources to assist local government. Following the proclamation of
a state of emergency, the Cal OES Director may recommend that the Governor request a
Presidential declaration of a major disaster under the authority of Public Law 93-288.The
Governor's request to the president is submitted through the FEMA.
The table below lists the State and Federal disaster declarations affecting Los Angeles County,
which encompass the cities within the County. Disaster proclamations for hazards that are not
present in El Segundo (wildland fires, dam failure, landslides,fruit fly infestations, etc.) were
excluded from the table.
Table 3-3:Los Angeles County Disaster Proclamation History
1950 OCD 50-01 Floods State only Statewide e $32+m/9 deaths
1955 DR-28 Floods State only Statewide $200 m/74 deaths
w..___......_____.....�....._...
1958 N/A Floods State only Statewide $24 m/13 deaths
1962 DR-122 Flood/Rain State/Federal Los Angeles/Ventura Co.'s Not available
e Y.........._............... _........ An eles County $1.6+m
1964 N/A Storms rr..........Stat......o.nl. ...Los............ _
1965 N/A Civil Unrest State only Los Angeles County $44.9+m/32 deaths,
874 injured
........... ......................................._.................
/ Oil Spill State only Coastal Areas So.California Not available
1969 N A.......... ..�....._.. �..-.
1971 DR-299 EQ-San State/Federal Los Angeles $483.9 m
Fernando
mm....mmm-.. .� ...........................
1976
/A Drought State only Los Angeles Co&30 counties $2.6 m
1978 Unknown Storms State/Federal Los Angeles Co&13 counties $117.8 m/14 deaths,
21 injured
...... .._.-...................-._.__.................-.............................
......
1979 N/A Gas Shortage State only Los Angeles Co&18 counties Unknown
1980 DR-615 Winter Storms State/Federal Lo.
DR-677 Winter Storms State/Federal Los Angeles Co&42 counties $523.6+m
1987 DR-799 EQ-Whittier State/Federal Los Angeles Co&2 cities $358 m/9 deaths,
200 injured
1988, DR-812 Coastal Storms State/Federal Los Angeles Co&2 counties Not available
1990 .... NrrAr.....wwww................... Upland
E.Q.. ......
/ State only Los Angeles/San Bernardino $12 m/38 injured
.....
Counties
�. ...........
1992 DR-935 Severe Storms State/Federal Los Angeles Co&5 counties $123+m/5 deaths
1992 DR-942 Civil Unrest State/Federal Los Angeles County $800 m/53 deaths,
2383 injured
1994 DR-1008 EQ-Northridge State/Federal Los Angeles Co&2 counties $1 b/57 deaths, 162
injured
1995 DR-1044 Severe Storms State/Federal Los Angeles Co&44 counties $741.4 m/11 deaths
1......... r ..
nkn All counties except Del Norte $1.1 b/17 deaths
..... 6 EI Nino.w... ......... State,ownder.. ..
Late Storms.............................. ......... .... . ... . _.
1998ww...... N/A 04 W .......... Los Angeles Co&44 counties $550 m/17 deaths
City of El Segundo 34
Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan
January 2015
EQ-Sierra State only Los Angeles County
Madre injured
_]
This disaster history (combined federal and state) suggests that Los Angeles County (including E\
Segundo) could experience a major incident worthy of a disaster declaration every 2.3 years,
and 15 out the 23 disaster declarations were the result of severe weather. Similarly, most
disaster-related injuries to people and damage to property resulted from severe weather.
3.2 HAZARD PROFILES
The hazards that exist in El Segundo are profiled below. Each hazard profile includes a
description of the type, location, extent, previous occurrences, and probability of future events
within the description. Maps and graphs are used in this plan to display hazard identification
data. Except for the future earthquake probability, which was taken from the I008 Uniform
California Earthquake Rupture Forecast (UCERF), the probability of future hazard events was
calculated based on existing data. Probability was determined by dividing the number of events
observed by the number of years on record and multiplying by 100.This gives the percent
chance of an event happening in any given year (e.g., three tornados over a 30-year period
equates to a 10 percent chance of tornado in any given year). The likelihood of future
occurrences is categorized into one of the following classifications:
• Highly Likely—Near 100 percent chance of occurrence in the next year, or happens
every year or many times each year.
• Likely—Between 1O and lOO percent chance of occurrence in the next year, or
has a recurrence interval oflU years orless.
• Occasional—Between I and 10 percent chance of occurrence in the next year, or has a
recurrence interval uf11to1OOyears.
• Unlikely—Less than 1 percent chance of occurrence in the next 100 years, or has
a recurrence interval of greater than every lOOyears.
3.3.1 EARTHQUAKE AND SEISMIC HAZARD PROFILE
Type
Seismic events, or earthquakes, are the highest threat to the city of El Segundo.The two
principal seismic considerations for most properties in Southern California are surface rupturing
of earth materials along fault traces and damage to structures due to seismically induced
ground shaking.The following geologic hazards are associated with earthquakes and may be
caused by seismic activity and cause additional damage.
3.2.1.1 Gnoomo Sxxx|ma
Ground shaking caused by a strong earthquake is probably the most important seismic hazard
that can be expected anywhere in the El Segundo and greater Los Angeles region. The amount
of earthquake shaking at a site is associated with the earthquake magnitude; the type of
earthquake fault; the distance from the site and the earthquake source;the geology of the site;
and how the earthquake waves decrease or increase as they travel from their source to the site
in question. Shaking from the earthquake intensifies with a greater magnitude and closer
..............................................____ ...........__ _____
City ofE|Segundo 35
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0
distance to the epicenter. Softer soils and topographic ridges can also amplify seismic ground
motions.
The shaking of the ground is caused by the sudden breaking and movement of tectonic plates
(large sections) of the earth's rocky outermost crust. Movements within the Earth's crust cause
stress to build up at points of weakness, and can cause deformation of rocks in the earth's
crust. Stored energy builds up and when the stress finally exceeds the strength of the rock, the
rock fractures along a fault, often at a zone of existing weakness within the rock. The stored
energy is suddenly released as an earthquake. Intense vibrations, or seismic waves, radiate
outward from the initial point of rupture, or focus, where the earthquake begins. These seismic
waves are what makes the ground shake and can travel large distances in all directions. Near
the focus, the waves can be very large, making them extremely destructive.The epicenter is the
point on the Earth's surface located directly above the focus of an earthquake.
3.2.1 'w
2 LIQUEFACTION l� ��'�
Soil liquefaction Is a ,a
soil is reduced by ea thqulake shaking 11 '„ �I i� "
or other rapid loading. The vast
Ail
majority of liquefaction hazards are
associated with sandy soils and soils „
of low plasticity, such as silt. The 1 Kli, asi,u:wl,,
µ
composition of the soil must be
saturated or nearly saturated to beI� M
susceptible to liquefaction.
Liquefaction can result in the settling a,ryllVa„
and compacting of unconsolidated I��� ,,O
sediment In the event Of a major
earthquake. Liquefaction maywI,M µµ
g WI
Increase as the round acceleration
and duration of shaking increase.
Liquefaction is a_�,N,aVulwyt",�Mx �N'ie:';1 ' �X
sand dune areas l occur in
, as is quake " I',
triggered failure. Accordin
gg ground g
to the State of California Seismic California Seismic Hazard Zones Map:Liquefaction in Venice Quadrangle
Hazard Zones Map -Venice
Quadrangle, the only area of the city with high liquefaction potential occurs along the coast.
3.2.1.3 LANDSLIDES
Some soil materials, such as clay minerals, have the capacity to absorb water, resulting in a
reduction of shear strength. The force of gravity can cause landslides and mudslides when the
shear strength of saturated clay is reduced below its minimum stability threshold. Earthquake
induced ground failure can cause landslides on steep slopes in either bedrock or soils. Firm
bedrock can usually stand in steeper, more stable slopes than soils. Rock type, grain size,
...............
........
City of El Segundo 36
Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan
January 2015
degree of consolidation and angle of the beds all contribute to the strength or weakness of a
bedrock hillside. Shale and deeply weathered rocks are very susceptible to slope instability and
failures. The presence of excessive amounts of water, or the lack of shear strength in the soil or
at the soil-rock interface can also contribute to unstable soil conditions. Areas at risk from
landslides typically have steep slopes (15%or greater), unstable rock or soil characteristics, or
other geologic evidence of instability.The bluffs along the coast of El Segundo have slopes
greater than 30%. Ground failure including landslides and mudslides can occur in the slope
areas within the city.
3.2.1.4 SUBSIDENCE
Land subsidence is defined as the lowering of the land surface. Many different factors can cause
the land surface to subside, such as a sinkhole, underground mine collapse, or a major
earthquake. Land subsidence can occur in various ways during an earthquake. Movement that
occurs along faults can be horizontal or vertical or have a component of both. As a result, a
large area of land can subside drastically during an earthquake. Land subsidence can also be
caused during liquefaction. Liquefaction can result in the settling and compacting of
unconsolidated sediment in an event of a major earthquake.This can result in the lowering of
the land surface.
3.2.1.5 SURFACE FAULT RUPTURE
Surface rupture is an offset of the ground surface when fault rupture extends to the Earth's
surface. Fault rupture almost always follows preexisting faults, which are zones of weakness.
Any structure built across the fault is at risk of being torn apart as the two sides of the fault slip
past each other. Normal and reverse surface fault ruptures have vertical motion while strike-
slip surface fault ruptures produce lateral offsets. Many earthquake surface ruptures are
combinations of both. Structures that span a surface fault are likely to suffer great damage.
3.2.1.6 EARTHQUAKE MEASUREMENT
There are two scales that are used to measure the severity and intensity of an earthquake.
The Modified Mercalli Intensity (MMI) Scale measures the ground shaking intensity in terms
of acceleration, velocity, and displacement. The Moment Magnitude (Mw) Scale measures
the severity of the earthquake by the amount of energy released at the source of the
earthquake.The Mw scale, based on the concept of seismic moment, is uniformly applicable
to all sizes of earthquakes.The extent of damage from an earthquake is determined by the
magnitude of the earthquake, distance from the epicenter, and characteristics of surface
geology.Table 3-4 shows an approximate correlation between the Moment Magnitude
(Mw) and the Modified Mercalli Intensity (MMI) Scale and its effects.
Table 3-4.,Severity(Mw)and Intensity(MMI)Comparison
1.0-3.0 1 I. Nexcept by a very few under especially favorable conditions.
City of El Segundo 37
Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan
January 2015
3.0............-3.9............._..11—III II. Felt only by a few persons at rest, III. Felt quite noticeably by persons indoors,
especially on upper floors of buildings. especially on upper floors of buildings. Many
people do not recognize it as an earthquake.
Standing motor cars may rock slightly.
Vibrations similar to the passing of a truck.
Duration estimated.
4.0-4.9 IV—V IV. Felt indoors by many,outdoors by V. Felt by nearly everyone; many awakened.
few during the day.At night,some Some dishes,windows broken. Unstable
awakened. Dishes,windows,doors objects overturned. Pendulum clocks may
disturbed;walls make cracking sound. stop.
Sensation like heavy truck striking
building.Standing motor cars rocked
noticeably.
5.0-5.9 VI—VII VI. Felt by all, many frightened.Some VII. Damage negligible in buildings of good
heavy furniture moved;a few design and construction;slight to moderate
instances of fallen plaster. Damage in well-built ordinary structures;considerable
slight. damage in poorly built or badly designed
structures;some chimneys broken.
6.0-6.9 VIII—IX VIII. Damage slight in specially IX. Damage considerable in specially
designed structures;considerable designed structures;well-designed frame
damage in ordinary substantial structures thrown out of plumb. Damage
buildings with partial collapse. great in substantial buildings,with partial
Damage great in poorly built collapse. Buildings shifted off foundations.
structures. Fall of chimneys,factory
stacks,columns, monuments,walls.
Heavy furniture overturned.
w.._-.............__..........................
7.0 and X-XI X.Some well-built wooden structures XI. Few, if any(masonry)structures remain
higher destroyed; most masonry and frame standing. Bridges destroyed. Rails bent
structures destroyed with foundations. greatly.
Rails bent.
XII XII. Damage total. Lines of sight and level are distorted.Objects thrown into the air.
Source:US Geological Survey(JSGS):htto://earthrAg ake.tL .gov/Bearii/tonies/inag vs int.oho
Location
El Segundo has no known earthquake faults within its boundaries, but due to the close
proximity of several faults, the entire city is equally subject to the earthquake hazard as shown
on the fault map on the following page:
The Newport-Inglewood Fault is 3.2 miles north-northeast of the city.The fault zone can easily
be noted by the existence of a chain of low hills extending from Culver City to Signal Hill.The
Newport-Inglewood Fault is a designated Alquist-Priolo Fault Zone for surface fault rupture
hazards.This fault is capable of producing earthquakes in the range of 6.0 to 7.4 magnitude
range.The Mw6.3 1933 Long Beach earthquake occurred on the Newport-Inglewood fault.The
Charnock and Overland Avenue Faults may represent two branches of this fault zone and
respectively are about 3.5 miles northeast and 4.5 miles northeast of the planning area.The
Newport-Inglewood fault is relatively active and due to its closer proximity to El Segundo,
would pose a more significant threat than the more distant San Andreas Fault.
...........
City of El Segundo 38
Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan
January 2015
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CA Department of Conservation,2010 Fault Activity Map,htt wwsw rgu e.c qt)v/pm a'os/FA4Mdq,�ffmilta'ct'ivltV'maa.l AmI
The San Andreas Fault is located approximately 70 miles east and northeast of the city. This
fault marks the edges of the North American and Pacific tectonic plates, is 800 miles long, and is
capable of producing earthquakes in the magnitude 6.8 -8.0 magnitude range.
The Palos Verdes Fault is located west of the city, offshore, and traverses the southern portion
of the South Bay.This fault has two branches -the Cabrillo Fault (probable magnitudes: Mw6.0-
6.8) and the Redondo Canyon Fault (probable magnitudes: Mw5.8- 6.5) which join the main
fault at different points along its route. The Palos Verdes fault is likely a right-reverse fault that
is capable of producing earthquakes in the 6.0 to 7.0 magnitude range and due to proximity
would also pose a more significant threat to El Segundo than the more distant San Andreas
Fault.
The Catalina Ridge Fault is a right-lateral strike-slip; and may be a right-reverse fault that is a
minimum of 30km off the coast.The seismically active portion of the fault is 60km and the slip
rate and interval between major ruptures is unknown.The Catalina Ridge Fault is capable of
producing earthquakes in the 6.5 to 7.3 magnitude range. This fault zone is probably much
longer than the 60-kilometer seismically-active portion, and may in fact extend far to the south,
to link up with the San Diego Trough fault zone, making it over 150 kilometers long.
The Santa Monica Fault lays north-west of the planning area and is one of several northeast-
southwest-trending, north-dipping, reverse faults that extend through the Los Angeles
metropolitan area. Its slip rate may be greatest at its western end. This fault is approximately
ten miles from El Segundo and is capable of producing an earthquake with a magnitude of 6.0
to 7.0.
City of El Segundo 39
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0
The Elysian Park and Torrance-Wilmington fold and thrust belts are deeply buried, low-angle
reverse or thrust faults that underlie the Los Angeles Basin. The Torrance-Wilmington Thrust
Zone may represent the deep-seated "master" fault thought to underlie the Newport-
Inglewood Structural Zone. These faults are thought to be capable of generating earthquakes
up to M 7.5.The largest earthquake attributed to these faults is the M 5.9 Whittier Narrows
earthquake of 1987. The inferred surface expression of the Torrance-Wilmington Fold and
Thrust Belt is located 6-7 miles northeast of the planning area, while the actual fault plane
passes the site of the Chevron Marine Terminal, 1.5 miles off the coast.
Extent
El Segundo is located in a high seismic risk zone. There are four seismic zones in the U.S.A.,
ranging from 1 to 4;the higher the number the higher the earthquake danger. All of El Segundo
is situated within Seismic Zone 4 with the highest risk for seismic activity. A major earthquake
with ground shaking would be felt across the entire city of El Segundo. Earthquakes can cause
significant structural damage to buildings and infrastructure, injury to people and loss of life, as
well as damage to infrastructure networks and systems, such as water, power, gas, sewage,
communications, and transportation. The city of El Segundo has 14 un-reinforced masonry
(URM) commercial buildings located primarily in the older part of town (the 100-300 blocks of
Richmond and Virginia Streets) which have all been retrofitted. A significant earthquake could
occur and exceed the response capabilities of El Segundo. Response and disaster relief support
would be required from other counties, private organizations, and from state and federal
governments.
Previous Occurrences
Southern California is one of the most seismically active areas in the U.S.The region has
experienced at least 52 major earthquakes, M 6.0 and greater, since 1796.
Table 3-5: Large Earthquakes Recorded in the Los Angeles Harbor Area
Date Magnitude Distance from Fault Name II
Planning Area
January 17, "1'99'4_-
7, 1994-......
GGGG
6.8* 22 Unnamed Fault in Northridge Area
June 28, 1992 6.6................................... * �........ _. -... -..mm . ..
95 Unnamed Fault in Big Bear Area
...
June June 28, 1992 7.5* 117 Camp Rock-Emerson -Johnson Valley Faults
April 22, 1992 6.1* 122 Camp Rock-Emerson-Johnson Valley Faults
_.................................._.- ....................................._
June 28, 1991 5.8+ 35 Sierra Madre Fault
October 1, 1987 5.9+ 23 Elysian Park Fault
. ........ ..... ....... ., r ................
February 9, 1971 6.6* 35 San Fernando-Sunland Fault
July 21, 1952 7.7+ 83 White Wolf Fault
'............._._ .............................. .._..........
. ..
July 1 1941 5.9+ 75 Undetermined Fault in Santa Barbara
Channel
March 10, 1933 6.3+ 34 Newport Inglewood Fault Zone
November 4, 1927 7.5+ 146 Undetermined Fault offshore Point y Arguello
..�.................
.�..
June 29, 1925 6.3+ 85 Undetermined Fault in Santa Barbara
Channel
July 23, 1923 _ _. ...6,1.+ 69 Claremont .......n
......... o Fault Zone)
aremont Fault(San Jacinto
.............
City of El Segundo 40
Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan
January 2015
April 21, 1918 6.8+ 90 Claremont Fault(San Jacinto Fault Zone)
October Z3' 191G 6.0** 63 Tejon Pass area (San Andreas Fault Zone,
� suspected)
May 15, l91O 6.8+ 60 Elsinore Fault
December 25, 6.6** '-- 94 Claremont Fault(San Jacinto Fault Zone)
1899
_A pri|/4 1893_ �v.�v��-- _%_S San Fernando-Santa SusanaFault �
�
January 9 18S7 Q3** 166 San Andreas_-nu�rY��� � ----- ......
--
December 8' 1Ql2 7.0** 54 San Andreas Fault Zone (Nexvport'
|ng|evxoodFau|tZonea|sosuspected)
_____
December 21, 7.1** 102 Undetermined Fault in Santa Barbara
1812 Channel
___ ____ _____________
July I8, l769 6.75** 27 San Fernando-Santa 5usanaFault
___�________
(suspected)
~Moment Magnitude +nich�ermamnimde ~~c�|mo�ed�eoni�vde
_
Source:Southern California Earthquake Data Center weuoue'zom
The most notable earthquake to affect El Segundo was the 1994 Northridge Earthquake.The
epicenter was approximately ]S miles away, and although no catastrophic damage occurred as
a result of the earthquake, the South Bay area was affected.The marina at Redondo Beach King
Harbor suffered liquefaction failure, severely damaging facilities. A bridge at Hawthorne Plaza
collapsed, without anyone being injured.There was a gas leak in a neighborhood in Torrance. In
Inglewood, a man died of a heart attack, attributed to the earthquake. Within the area, a power
outage occurred, effecting 31,000 customers, including Los Angeles International Airport which
was closed for over two hours. Many windows shattered and items toppled and spilled
throughout the South Bay. In El Segundo, aside from similar damages as listed above, the
earthquake caused the north wall of Fire Station #1 to move slightly, and although not in
danger of collapse, the building requires retrofitting. A local emergency was proclaimed in
concert with the countywide proclamation. A Federal Disaster was declared.
Probability of Future Events
Earthquake probabilities are calculated by projecting earthquakeratesbosedonearthquake
history and fault slip rates, not simply the number of occurrences within a span of years.The
result is expressed as the probability that an earthquake of a specified magnitude will occur on
a fault orwithin an area.
There is a strong likelihood that El Segundo will experience a significant earthquake from one of
the known major faults in the next ]O years. |n3OO8, the Working Group onCalifornia
Earthquake Probabilities (WGCEP) issued its 2008 Uniform California Earthquake Rupture
Forecast (UCERF), which was endorsed by the United States Geological Survey (USGS),the
Southern California Earthquake Center (SCEC), and the California Geological Survey (CGS).The
2008 UCERF indicated that the probability of a magnitude 6.7 or larger (similar to the 1994
Northridge Earthquake) earthquake over the next 30 years striking the greater Los Angeles area
is 67%. For the entire California region, the fault with the highest probability of generating at
least one magnitude 6.7 quake or larger is the southern San Andreas (59% in the next 30 years).
City ofE|Se do
` 41
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0
The likelihood of an even more powerful quake of magnitude 7.5 or greater in the next 30 years
is 46%. Such a quake is more likely to occur in the southern half of the state (37%
chance in 30 years)than in the northern half (15%chance in 30 years). El Segundo
would experience strong ground shaking and resultant damage to older structures if
and when a major earthquake occurs on the Southern San Andreas Fault.
The Chevron Refinery is a major stakeholder in the City of El Segundo. As the largest
refinery on the west coast taking up almost 6 square miles of land with the City limits,
earthquakes present a major concern for the residents, employees of the refinery and
the environment.The Emergency Management Coordinator met with representatives
from Chevron who act in the same capacity (Emergency Preparedness Coordinator) to
discuss Chevron's roles and responsibilities given an earthquake of significant
magnitude. Chevron personnel conduct annual exercises to test their Emergency
Response Plan in order to provide safe operations during any emergency to include
earthquakes. An earthquake of 4.9 on the Richter Scale or greater triggers inspections
of all occupancies/buildings and process related structures within the refinery.The
Chevron Refinery has their own fire department which is specially trained for "all-risk"
scenarios. The City of El Segundo has a strong relationship with the Chevron Refinery
and their fire department conducting joint training operations to ensure the public
and the environment are protected before, during and after an earthquake.
3.2.2 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS INCIDENT
Type
A hazardous material is any substance that is flammable, combustible, corrosive,
poisonous, toxic, explosive or radioactive. Hazardous materials require special care in
handling and storage due to the harm they pose to public health, safety and the
environment. Hazardous substances can be in liquid, solid, or gas form, and can
include toxic chemicals, radioactive materials, infectious substances, and wastes.
Most hazardous waste is identified by one or more of its dangerous properties or
characteristics: corrosive, ignitable, reactive, or toxic:
• Corrosive -A corrosive material can corrode or destroy a substance. For
example, most acids are corrosives and can eat through metal, burn skin on
contact, and giveoff vapors that burn the eyes.
• Ignitable-An ignitable material can burst into flames easily and poses a fire
hazard. Ignitable materials can also irritate the skin, eyes, and lungs, and
may give off harmful vapors. Gasoline, paint, and furniture polish are
ignitable.
• Reactive-A reactive material can explode or create poisonous gas when
combined with other chemicals. For example, chlorine bleach and
ammonia are reactive and create a poisonous gas when they come into
contact with each other.
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Toxic-Toxic materials or substances can poison people and other life.
Toxic substances can cause illness and death if swallowed or absorbed
through theskin. Pesticides, weed killers, and many household cleaners
are toxic.
Even with proper management and control, the dangers of hazardous waste can still
have damaging affects to people and the environment.Tanks used for storing
petroleum products and other chemicals can leak and catch fire; underground storage
tanks weaken over time and leak their hazardous contents. Transportation accidents,
such as train crashes and overturned trucks, can occur while transporting hazardous
substances. There are also cases of intentional and illegal dumping of hazardous waste
in sewer systems, abandoned warehouses, or ditches in remote areas to avoid the
costs and rules of safe disposal.
El Segundo Fire Department is designated by the State of California as a Certified
Unified Program Agency (CUPA) and is authorized to apply statewide standards to each
facility within the planning area that treats on site or generates hazardous waste,
operates underground storage tanks, or stores hazardous materials. State and CUPA
responsibilities include chemical disclosure programs, Risk Management Plan audits
and inspections, hazardous waste control, underground tank and aboveground
petroleum tank regulation, and industrial wastewater pretreatment and storm water
inspection requirements to meet National Pollution Discharge Elimination System
water pollution control requirements.The City of El Segundo Environmental Safety
Division inspects the facilities that use, store, or produce hazardous materials to
ensure the facilities are in compliance with city, state and federal regulations.
The significance of the problems to the environment, property, or human health is dependent
on the type, location and quantity of the material released. Depending on the substance
involved, a hazardous materials release may affect nearby populations and or contaminate
critical or sensitive environmental areas. Although hazardous material incidents can happen
almost anywhere, certain areas are at higher risk. Businesses such as industrial facilities that
use, store, or dispose of such materials all have an increasing potential for major incidents.
Buildings near roadways that are frequently used for transporting hazardous materials and or
crossed by certain railways, waterways, airways and pipelines have an increased risk of being
involved in a hazardous materials incident.
Location
El Segundo has numerous industrial businesses that use, store, or produce hazardous materials.
Specific locations of hazardous materials are identified in the City of El Segundo Hazardous
Materials Plan which is maintained by the Fire Department's Environmental Safety Division.
Most of the businesses are located in the eastern portion and southwest corner of the City (see
Land Use map on the following page), but hazardous materials are also transported through the
city via pipelines, railroad and on highways.
_. ................
.. ...............
City of El Segundo 43
Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan
.January 2015
The Chevron El Segundo Refinery(Chevron)encompasses slightly over 1.56 square miles of the
entire planning area (5.54 square miles). Chevron also has a Marine Terminal off the coast of El
Segundo with two berths for docking of tankers.The Chevron El Segundo Refinery is the largest
producing oil refinery on the west coast, with the capacity of processing 290,000 barrels of
transportation fuels per day. Gasoline,jet and diesel fuels are the primary products refined
from the crude oil. There are approximately 150 major storage tanks greater than 30 feet in
diameter, with a total storage capacity of 12.5 million barrels. The largest tank, tank#1015,
holds about 54,000 barrels with a diameter of 260 feet and a height of 64 feet.The refinery
receives 53,000 BPD crude via pipeline from California sources, and 141,000 BPD via tanker.
The refinery produces up to 110,000 barrels per day (BPD) of gasoline (45%of product),
100,000 BPD of jet and diesel fuel (41%), 25,000 BPD of fuel oils and coke, a solid coal-like
material called petroleum coke, (10%), and 9,000 BPD of LPG (4%). There are ten miles of
railway and rail cars at Chevron that transport petroleum products from other locations to the
refinery and from the refinery to the other locations, such as the Port of Los Angeles. The El
Segundo Refinery supplies 40%of the jet fuel to Los Angeles International Airport and has 20%
of the gasoline market share in Southern California. Chevron is classified in a heavy industrial
area on the City of El Segundo Zoning Map.
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City of El Segundo Zoning Map
Extent
El Segundo's level of exposure to hazardous materials can be understood by examining
the city's types of businesses, commercial traffic routes, highways, and sea exposure.
To date there are 342 businesses that use, store, or manufacture hazardous materials
in El Segundo and report hazardous materials incidents to the CUPA and State CES.
There are many industrial businesses that are classified in a light industrial area on the
El Segundo Land Use Element of the General Plan. There is a greater risk of exposure
City of El Segundo 44
Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan
January 2015
0
and incidents in the areas classified as a heavy or a light industrial area. Within these
designated areas are approximately 50,000 commuters that work daily. Due to their
proximity to businesses that use, store, or manufacture hazardous materials, their risk
of exposure is higher than that of the population not in those industrial areas. An
accidental hazardous material release can occur wherever hazardous materials are
manufactured, stored,transported, or used.
Fire and life safety inspection records and hazardous material business plan reports are located
at El Segundo Fire Station #1 and maintained by the Environmental Safety Division. All
businesses and facilities are inspected at least three times a year for compliance. A mapping
database identifies all commercial hazardous materials locations and the types of chemicals
stored within each facility.The Fire Department has also established pre-plans, and conducts
regular inspections of commercial/industrial sites, and ensures placards and other measures to
identify risks to the community.
Previous Occurrences
The California Governor's Office of Emergency Services tracks reportable hazardous materials
releases per year within the state. Table 3-6 lists the number of reported hazardous materials
releases that occurred in El Segundo per year.
Table 3-6: Hazardous Materials Reported,Releases
Vmwmwi�����.�i�I�����d�Nlu9°tl�, i
1994 18
1995 26...........................-..........T.
1996 11
1997 15
1998 30
1999 37
2000 1 96
2001 1.3.3...................................
2002 109
......................................
2003 67
2004 -m85
....___.----------
2005 101
2006 50
-2007............................................................................................. 49
2008 31
2009 33
2010 29
2011 12
-. . ........
2012 18
2013 19
LTh 11-3-2014..............m..
Throu h ................ . 10 ................. ..........�
City of El Segundo 45
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I
These incidents account for the release of hazardous materials into the atmosphere and actual
spills of materials on the ground. All releases of material into the atmosphere must be reported
to the Cal OES Hazardous Materials Section. Any spill of a hazardous material is responded to by
the El Segundo Fire Department and also reported to Cal OES.The El Segundo Fire Department
records show that from Jan 1, 2004 to December 1, 2014 there were 122 hazardous material
incidents in El Segundo in which the Fire Department provided on-scene response.
• A notable incident occurred on January 26, 1990, when a cloud of nitric acid was
released from the Hughes Aircraft facility in El Segundo. Seven people were sent to the
hospital, and 400 employees were evacuated from six different buildings.The amount
of nitric acid released was not reported, nor was the cause of the incident. Nitric acid is
a strong corrosive and is considered highly toxic. Hughes uses it to etch electronic
circuit boards for airborne radar systems.
• On October 18, 1990, a fire occurred at the Chevron ElSegundo refinery sending flames
150 feet into the air. Firefighters extinguished the blaze after two hours of fighting the
fire, which was the result of a pump malfunction that triggered a release of 450-degree
crude oil. No injuries were reported, and company officials described the damage as
minimal.
• On March 13, 1988, a fire ignited by a hydrogen gas leak at the Chevron oil refinery was
extinguished by workers at the plant. The El Segundo Fire Department also responded
to the fire and remained at the scene for 20 minutes to ensure that the flames were out.
There were no reported injuries from the fire that occurred in the low-sulfur fuel
section of the plant.
Probability
Highly Likely—Previous occurrences indicate there have been 987 hazardous materials
incidents in the past 21 years. This equates to a hazardous materials incident every .02 years on
average or a 4700% chance of occurrence in any given year.
3.2.3 TRANSPORTATION INCIDENT—AIR AND RAIL
Type
This threat summary applies primarily to large-scale citywide and single point mass-casualty
disaster events that would cause sufficient casualties and/or fatalities to overwhelm local medical,
health, and mortuary services capabilities.Transportation incidents are typically an incident of air
or rail passenger travel that results in mass casualties.All but the most serious highway accidents
are excluded from consideration under this hazard since such incidents are generally handled by
emergency response services without emergency management organization involvement.There
are conditions related to a serious accident that could result in a mass casualty incident.Trucks
that transport hazardous materials drive through the city each day. Many of these trucks are
transporting large quantities of hazardous substances or extremely hazardous substances
classified by the Environmental Protection Agency.Trucks from industrial businesses within the
community often transport chemicals to ports or other receiving facilities. If a major vehicle
accident occurred with a truck transporting a large quantities of hazardous materials, it could
be life threatening to those involved and people in the immediate surrounding area.
....................
City of El Segundo 46
Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan
January 2015
Location
Local rail traffic passes through the city on a daily basis to and from the Chevron Refinery and
crosses Sepulveda Boulevard, Douglas Street and Aviation Boulevard. Rail traffic includes the Los
Angeles Metro Green Line which is on an elevated track through El Segundo making a vehicle and
train accident impossible.There is the potential for a pedestrian—rail car accident.The skies in
the area of El Segundo are heavily occupied by aircraft originating and departing from a number
of airports located in Southern California. The airports nearest to El Segundo, handling the
greatest amount of air traffic are:
• Los Angeles International Airport (LAX): LAX is the fourth busiest airport in the world.
Planes arrive and department at a rate of one per minute.
• Long Beach Airport (LGB): LGB is ranked the 12th busiest airport in the nation. Planes
arrive and depart at a rate of 1.5 every two minutes.
• Hawthorne Airport (HHR) averages 220 flights per day with 24-hour operations and is
home to an FAA-operated Air Traffic Control Tower.
Military aircraft also travel through the air space above the city.Although the occurrence of an
aircraft accident is rare, such an incident can result in extensive casualties, both in the aircraft and
on the ground.
Extent
Both air and rail hazards encompass many threats, such as hazardous materials incident, fire,
explosion, severe damage to rail lines, roadways, adjacent buildings, or vehicles,
roadway closures, evacuations, and loss of life if pedestrians or those in either the adjacent
buildings or vehicles are affected by the incident.
Any air accident will involve coordination among federal,state and local agencies.The City of El
Segundo Fire Department will coordinate with the Federal Aviation Administration,and agencies
from the County of Los Angeles,and State of California to provide the necessary resources to
manage such an event.The nature of an air mass casualty transportation accident will require
these agencies to establish a unified command post; disaster mortuary teams; set up medical aid
stations; and develop a plan for moving patients and resources.
A rail accident would be less devastating and typically involve vehicles driving on the city streets at
a train crossing.A railcar accident would most likely also be a hazardous materials incident.The
railroad crosses major streets in the commercial zone of the city.The tankers leaving or enroute to
the refinery are typically loaded with crude oil or other refined oil products.When a rail car is
involved in an accident or derailment, a combination of products and materials that are
extremely hazardous and/or flammable may be released and cause a rupture or burst into
flames.
Previous Occurrence
The Metro Net website provides the quarterly rail accident statistics for the past three years. In
fiscal year 2013 of the Metro Line operations (July 1 -June 30 annually), there were two
accidents involving the Metro Green Line. The Green Metro Line has the least amount of
City of El Segundo 47
Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan
January 2015
accidents of the entire Metro Net rail system.
Quarterly Rail Accidents for FY13(July 1,2012-June 30,2013)
Classified as Train/Auto and Train/Pedestrian Accidents
Fiscal Year 2012 2013 4
I131lue Line 28 28 12 68
Red/Purple Line 0 3 4 17
ri
P reen Line 0 2 0 2
Gold Liine,,W,m,„»,a���. . 1 7
5 1 13
,.,, ,,.
�i'PlExpo Liiner��„�� ._ITITITmi 4 3 3 � 10
afety-secu L rterVv-rKadl-acclLt y
tlan,m: vvvrw.rrrt tlrra.nr*t�ri�diry .ti.. ....,._. ....._..
The National Transportation Safety Board reports between 1969 through the present, there
have been 14 aircraft accidents in the vicinity of or on the property of Los Angeles International
Airport. See Table 3-7 for the list of air accidents closest to or in El Segundo:
Table 3-7:Air Crashes near El Segundo/'or Los Angeles International Airport
Year_ Event
2004 A Mooney M20K descended into a single family residence about 0.5 nautical miles south-southwest
of the Santa Monica Airport killing two private pilots. No one was injured on the ground.
2000 Alaska Air Flight#261 enroute to LAX with an in-flight emergency and catastrophic instrument failure,
crashed into the Pacific Ocean just 7 air minutes from LAX—killing 88 passengers and crew.
..........
2 0 0 0 ..........
KLM 767 Passenger Jet dropped an engine cover due to a bird strike onto Dockweiler
State Beach immediately after takeoff and made a successful emergency landing.
-........................... r..........—.. _....
2003 A Beech A36TC descended into a 3-story apartment building in the Fairfax District, killing the pilot,
three passengers, and killing one person and injuring seven in the apartment building.
1996 A Cessna 310D collided with the surface of the ocean about 3 miles west of LAX killing the pilot,co-
pilot and two passengers.
1995 After take-off, a Piper PA 28 collided with power lines and the roofs of two houses during a forced
landing at the Santa Monica Airport.The plane caught on fire as did the houses.The pilot was
severely injured and the co-pilot was killed.
1991 February WITm
y 1991—a collision between a US Air 737 and a twin engine SkyWest Metroliner occurred on
the runway of LAX—12 fatalities on the SkyWest/22 on the US Air and 67 injured.
..................................................................................
1980 2 single engine planes collided over El Segundo onto Mariposa Avenue and Sepulveda
Blvd,—killing 3 and injuring 6 people on the ground.
1979 j A Swift Air commuter plane ditched in the Santa Monica Bay shortly after take-off from LAX. Four
passengers and three crewmembers were on board.The plane immediately sank into the ocean.
_ Two crewmembers and one passenger died being unable to get out of the plane.
...
1978... .... ............................._.......... ....__................._.m.........
Continental __.._...
Airlines DC-10 blew both tires on takeoff and aborted takeoff, crashing
600 feet off the runway and coming to rest on Vista Del Mar at the Los Angeles/El
I Segundo border—killing 2 and injuring 200 passengers.
City of El Segundo 48
Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan
January 2015
V'
1974 After touching down the nose-gear of the Trans World Airlines Boeing 707 collapsed immediately
and the airplane caught on fire. Out of the 58 passengers and seven crew members, eight persons
were injured all during the emergency evacuation.
1969 A B-26 crashed into an apartment complex at Holly and Eucalyptus in El Segundo—killing
_ 4 aboard, and 2 on the ground. _
1969 A United 727 suffered catastrophic failure on takeoff and crashed into...-............ .... ..�... -mm .
p to Santa Monica i
Bay—killing all 28 passengers and crew.
. . ....
1969 A Scandinavian DC.8 crashed 7 m
_ —
files from the airport into Santa Monica Bay due to pilot error
_ killing 15,and inuring 28 passengers.
w .......�...................i... .......... _ ... ..
Probability
Likely— Previous occurrences indicate there have been 16 (combined) transportation
emergencies in the past 45 years.This equates to a transportation incident occurring every 2.8
years on average or a 36%chance of occurrence in any given year.
3.2.4 PIPELINE EMERGENCIES AND OIL SPILLS
Type
Although pipelines are the safest and most reliable way to transport natural gas, crude oil,
liquid petroleum products, and chemical products, there is still an inherent risk due to the
nature of the hazardous materials. Crude oil is a complex mixture of thousands of different
hydrocarbons and varying amounts of other compounds containing sulfur, nitrogen, and oxygen
as well as salts, trace metals, and water. Crude oils can vary from a clear liquid, similar to
gasoline, to a thick tar-like material needing to be heated to flow through a pipeline. A
petroleum refinery's main job is to split crude oil into its many parts (or fractions) which are
then reprocessed into useful products.The type, number, and size of process units required at
a particular refinery depends on a variety of factors including the type of crude oil and the
products required.The interconnected units making up a refinery are tanks, furnaces,
distillation towers (fractionating columns), reactors, heat exchangers, pumps, pipes, fittings,
and valves. Products of crude oil refineries include:
• Fuels such as gasoline, diesel fuel, heating oil, kerosene,jet fuel, bunker fuel oil, and
liquefied petroleum gas
• Petroleum solvents including benzene, toluene, xylene, hexane, and heptane, which are
used in paint thinners, dry-cleaning solvents, degreasers, and pesticide solvents
• Lubricating oils produced for a variety of purposes, and insulating, hydraulic, and
medicinal oils
• Petroleum wax
• Greases, which are primarily a mixture of various fillers
• Asphalt
These products can be hazardous not only in their final state but as they are being processed
and refined.The principal hazards at refineries are fire and explosion. Refineries process a
multitude of products with low flash points. Although systems and operating practices are
designed to prevent such catastrophes,they can occur. In a refinery, hazardous chemicals can
come from many sources and in many forms. In crude oil, there are not only the components
City of El Segundo 49
Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan
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sought for processing, but impurities such as sulfur, vanadium, and arsenic compounds.The oil
is split into many component streams that are further altered and refined to produce the final
product range. Most, if not all, of these component stream chemicals are inherently hazardous
to humans, as are the other chemicals added during processing. Hazards include fire,
explosion, toxicity, corrosiveness, and asphyxiation. At the Chevron Marine Terminal the
potential for fires, explosions, releases of flammable or toxic materials, or other accidents that
could cause
,,e r
III � ��
p
.
as w
w
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injuries, fatalities, or spills could occur and would be primarily associated with the flammable
vapors and other flammable materials transported as cargo by tankers visiting the Marine
Terminal. Damage prevention measures include routine inspection and maintenance, corrosion
protection, continuous monitoring and control technologies, public awareness programs, and
integrity management and emergency response plans.
Location
Pipelines owned and operated by various companies run beneath the city's streets. Pipelines
are primarily underground, which keeps them away from public contact and accidental
damage. Despite safety and efficiency statistics, increases in energy consumption and
population growth near pipelines present the potential for a pipeline emergency incident.
While pipelines are generally the safest method of transporting hazardous chemicals, they are
not failsafe. Pipeline product releases, whether in the form of a slow leak or violent rupture,
are a risk in any community. For example, the pipeline that provides the transport of jet fuel to
the Los Angeles International Airport lies underground along Virginia Street, in the residential
section of the city.The Chevron El Segundo Refinery has more than 1,100 miles of pipelines at
the facility site with additional pipes running through the Planning Area. Some pipelines enter
from the South and travel north along Sepulveda Boulevard and Aviation Street, and exit the
city to the north. The pipes vary in size from six to 18 inches in diameter, and are buried at
different depths.
About 90%of the crude oil processed at the El Segundo Refinery is delivered from its point of
origin to the facility by tankers. The crude oil is off-loaded by pumping it into underwater
pipelines at the offshore Marine Terminal to the onshore refinery.The terminal has two
separate mooring berths and can handle two tankers at a time. The two separate berths are
located approximately one and a half miles from shore, and are designed to allow for the safe
maneuvering of vessels.
Extent
Most fires, explosions, or pipeline spill incidents occurring at the Chevron Refinery are isolated
on the site. Pipelines running through the city are unlikely to burst or combust;jet fuel pipelines
are filled with oxygen-free liquid, and without oxygen, combustion cannot occur. Pipelines are
regulated by the Office of the State Fire Marshall Pipeline Safety Division. Pipelines are also
monitored by a complex data web called System Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA)
measuring the flow rate, temperature and pressure. The network transfers real-time data via
satellite from the pipelines to a control center where the valves, pumps and motors are
remotely operated. If any tampering with the pipeline occurs, an alarm sounds.The ensuing
valve reaction is instantaneous, with the alarm system isolating any rupture and setting off a
chain reaction that shuts down pipeline pumps and alerts pipeline operations within seconds.
Most jet fuel pipelines run underground, and in populated areas, must be over three feet below
the asphalt. The pipes are at least one inch thick steel. If the pipe did rupture, valves would cut
off and operators would receive an automatic alarm.
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Oil spills are considered to be a significant impact along the coast and in the coastal waters.
Small spills can be mitigated and are classified as less than significant. Large oil spills (greater
than 50 barrels) may not be completely contained and, therefore, would be considered
significant impacts. The Chevron Marine Terminal reportedly loads and unloads approximately
billion gallons of oil annually. Significant adverse impacts on biological resourceswould occur
from a major oil spill.There are a great number of state, Federal, and international regulations
governing marine terminals and the transportation of hydrocarbons byvessel.
A moderate to large earthquake along one of the faults in the vicinity may result in strong to
intense ground motions at the site, and could include ground accelerations beyond design
specifications for facilities and, potentially, tsunamis. Ruptures of onshore tanks, pipelines, and
other components of the Marine Terminal facilities could occur and spill petroleum products.
Water quality impacts would result from changes in water chemistry after an uncontained spill
of crude oil or product either at the Marine Terminal or en route.The severity of the impact
depends on the size of the spill, composition of the oil, characteristics of the spill event
(quantity of discharge, location of the spill, and type of operation), the environmental
conditions and the effect of these conditions on propagation of the spill, and the effectiveness
of clean-up operations. If a large oil spill were to cause enough biological damage so as to result
in or contribute to the elimination of a species, an irreversible impact would result.
Previous Occurrence
This plan does not reflect a record of pipeline incidents or oil spills provided by Chevron.The
previous incidents listed were from personal or written accounts.The following incidents were
documented:
On December 28, 1980 The John McCone oil tanker, a single hulled ship, spilled 105,000
gallons of heavy crude off El Segundo due to a hole in the ship's bottom.
Ist s 6'aww t° hk w c.ad f o-contentfanraload''s/x013/0,9/CrUde—Awa.keningadf
• On August 31, 1991, three Southern Pacific railroad tankers carrying about 60,000
gallons of propane gas derailed but did not spill their contents.The three 20,000-
gallon tankers were among six cars being pulled by a locomotive and derailed as the
train was switching tracks. No one was injured in the derailment.
irttP;//arklcV ,s.l tlR ,es. arr�jk w ra�'�' V-segundo-fire-department
On March 16, 1991, a 26-inch pipeline at Chevron's offshore marine terminal was ripped
open by an oil tanker's anchor, causing a spill of about 27,720 gallons of a diesel-like oil
mixture into Santa Monica Bay.
Litt g:,, q-srtp,cles.lat index.god -0.3 -:f66 '1 oil- r1N.
o More recently on March 2010, a sludge oil spill occurred at the plant. (Source: El
Segundo Fire Department)
Probability
Occasional —Previous occurrences indicate there have been at least four pipeline or oil spill
emergencies in the past 23 years.This equates to a pipeline emergency every 5.75 years on
average or a 17.4% chance of occurrence in any given year.
- ........ ........ ..... . ....5.2
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3.2.5 TERRORISM AND NUCLEAR INCIDENTS
Type
The definition of terrorism by the Federal Bureau of Investigation is "the unlawful use of force
or violence against persons or property to intimidate or coerce a government, the civilian
population, or any segment thereof, in furtherance of political or social objectives."
The formal definition of Weapons of Mass Destruction (Title 18 USC section 2332a) is: (1) Any
weapon or device that is intended, or has the capability, to cause death or serious bodily injury
to a significant number of people through the release, dissemination, or impact of toxic or
poisonous chemicals or their precursors; a disease organism; or radiation or radioactivity; (2)(a)
any explosive, incendiary, or poison gas, bomb, grenade, or rocket having a propellant charge of
more than four ounces, or a missile having an explosive or incendiary charge of more than one
quarter ounce, or mine or device similar to the above; (b) poison gas; (c) any weapon involving
a disease organism; or (d) any weapon that is designed to release radiation or radioactivity at a
level dangerous to human life.
Weapons of mass destruction (WMD)typically used by terrorists are categorized by an acronym
that lists the types of materials/weapons: CBRNE stands for chemical, biological, radiological,
nuclear, and explosives— BNICE stands for biological, nuclear, incendiary, chemical, and
explosives.The nature of each category of weapon is described briefly below:
Chemical: chemical weapons include blood and choking agents, nerve agents, blister agents,
and toxic industrial chemicals.The advantages of using chemical weapons for a terrorist include
they are easy to make, readily available, inexpensive, have an immediate effect, and are easily
spread.The disadvantages are they require significant quantities for a mass effect, and the
production and deployment are potentially hazardous to the terrorist. Some chemical agents
are odorless and tasteless and are difficult to detect, while others have distinct odors.They can
have an immediate effect (a few seconds to a few minutes) or a delayed effect (several hours to
several days). Routes of exposure for chemical weapons are inhalation, ingestion, absorption,
and injection. Unlike many of the biological weapons, first responders can take self-protective
measures by wearing personal protective equipment, first aid measures and effective medical
interventions are available, and chemical agent exposures can be decontaminated and agents
neutralized.
Biological: biological weapons are defined as bacteria, viruses, or toxins used to produce illness
or death in people, animals, or plants.The advantages of biological weapons are that they are
easy to make, readily available, and relatively inexpensive.The disadvantages include delayed
effects and potential deployment hazards to the terrorist. Routes of exposure for biological
weapons are inhalation, ingestion, absorption, and injection. Biological agents can be dispersed
as airborne particles or aerosols on food items or in water, or through an injection.Terrorists
may use biological weapons because the agents odorless, tasteless, and extremely difficult to
detect.
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Radiological/ Nuclear: radioactive or nuclear weapons are typically in the form of a traditional
fission device such as an atom bomb, a radiological dispersal device, often called a dirty bomb,
or a conventional explosion at a nuclear facility. The advantages of radiological or nuclear
weapons are that the materials are available, cause devastating effects and a great
psychological impact on the population. The disadvantages include delayed effects, deployment
is hazardous to the terrorists, and they are extremely expensive —in the millions of dollars for a
nuclear weapon. Radiation cannot be detected by human senses. Consequences may include
death, severe health risks to the public, damage to the environment, and extraordinary loss of,
or damage to, property.The health effects of radiological or nuclear materials include radiation
burns, fragmentation wounds, acute radiological poisoning, and longterm effects, such as
cancers and birth defects.
Explosives: explosive weapons are most terrorist's weapon of choice. 86%of domestic terrorist
incidents involve the use of explosives. Explosives are readily available and have dramatic
results, are low risk, require few skills to build and use, are easy to execute, allow for remote
attacks, and don't require many people to execute. There are low explosives and high
explosives. The effects include blast pressure, both positive and negative, fragmentation, and
thermal.There are pipe bombs or bombs that can be easily concealed into a backpack, box,
vehicles, or virtually any type of container, with numerous trigger mechanisms to set off the
bomb. Bombings account for up to 50% of worldwide terrorist attack patterns.
Cyber-terrorism: according to the U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation, cyber terrorism is any
"premeditated, politically motivated attack against information, computer systems, computer
programs, and data which results in violence against non-combatant targets by sub-national
groups or clandestine agents." As nations and critical infrastructure became more dependent
on computer networks for their operations, new vulnerabilities are created. A cyber terrorist
attack is designed to cause physical violence or extreme financial harm. Possible cyber terrorist
targets include the banking industry, military installations, power plants, air traffic control
centers, and water systems, but could be against any facility that relies on computers,
computer systems and programs for their operations.
Location
There is a wide range of motivations for terrorist attacks. They can be for or against almost any
issue, religious belief, political position, or group of people of one national origin or another.
Because of the tremendous variety of causes supported by terrorists and the wide variety of
potential targets,there is no place that is truly safe from terrorism. Primary locations likely to
be targets include airports, mass transit targets, government facilities, and high population
density locations, although so-called "soft targets" such as schools, local entertainments
facilities, etc. are also at risk. The potential for nuclear, biological or chemical terrorism is also a
concern.The entire Los Angeles basin is considered at risk for a nuclear event.These types of
emergencies could be devastating to any community and would necessitate detailed
contingency planning and preparation of emergency responders prior to such an attack.
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El Segundo is home to numerous Fortune 500 and international companies, a military facility,
the largest refinery on the west coast, and elite shopping and dining areas all of which could be
a target for terrorism.
El Segundo is not within a planned range of a radioactive plume from the decommissioned San
Onofre Nuclear Generating Station.The city is approximately 14 miles outside of the ingestion
pathway zone, which is a 50 mile radius surrounding the generating station.There are no
known businesses or educational facilities that have a nuclear reactor on their premises within
the city.
Extent
As outlined in the 2010 National Security Strategy, there is no greater danger to the Nation than
a terrorist attack with a weapon of mass destruction.Terrorist acts may cause casualties,
extensive property damage, fires, flooding, and other subsequent hazards. Incidents generating
significant mass casualties make preparedness and the mechanisms for effective response
essential. In addition to large-scale attacks, a full range of terrorism tactics must be considered,
including simple bombings, chemical or biological incidents, explosions and cyber-attacks,
bomb threats, and the use of radiological and nuclear materials. Use of explosive devices
remains the weapon of choice for terrorist activity.The possibility exists that a terrorist
organization might acquire the capability of creating a small nuclear detonation. A single
nuclear detonation in the United States would likely produce fallout affecting an area many
times greater than that of the blast itself, certainly the entire Los Angeles region.
The entire Los Angeles region is considered a prime target for terrorist activity because of its
high economic and social profile. In 2003, the California Anti-Terrorism Information Center,
with the assistance of the California National Guard, compiled a list of potential terrorism
targets.The five top targets were listed as Los Angeles International Airport,the Port of
Oakland, the Port of Long Beach, the Golden Gate Bridge and Disneyland.These sites were
selected due to the economic, political and psychological impact if attacked. As mentioned in
the location section of this profile, many locations in El Segundo could be a target for terrorism.
Previous Occurrence
Although El Segundo has not had a terrorist attack, there have been many incidents within Los
Angeles County. The following table shows the terrorism related incidents that have occurred in
Los Angeles County:
Table 3-8:Terrorists Incidents within Los Angeles County
I ryl'
Shooting attack at LAX;1 TSA officer killed,2 TSA officers and several
11-1-2013 civilians injured. Unknown
9-16-2010 Phoned in bomb threat for Hawaiian Airlines plane bound for Honolulu.No Unknown
bomb found.
9-17-2010 Written bomb threat on Thai Airways plane that landed at LAX from Bangkok. Unknown
No bomb found.
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................. .
was found to be false.
8'19'2010 Man grabbed o passenger's luggage outside m the terminal,ran Unknown �
inside and claimed the package contained a bomb.Claim was found muefalse.
�
............ ......... _
8'16'2005 Attempted arson uv means man improvised incendiary device consisting ma Animal Liberation Front
fouwnch-lmw tube with o cigarette as the fuse.m^tuueho`o/auel stating
rox/c�
7_7_2005 Attempted arson ma vehicle m the driveway m the home morepresentative unknown
for Animal Care Technicians Union connected with the Los Angeles Animal
Services.
'
7-5'2005 m,raoceponceu/sm�euavmtm,aMommvmm/zauonmo�ockmmto� Jom/vvatu|'/,|om/*
anuJew/sxmrgetsuvarmstmommonneumuvery,u,nems.rne,usneus so»«e»(»mmennc �
confessed m the robberies m raise money for the terrorist n|m «oemmv�/uom)
� �
8-22-2003 Individuals carried out vandalism mthe Los Angeles area damaging 125 Earth Liberation Front
vehicles uv spray painting graffiti and setting fire mzsuxs.
7'4'2002 A lone gunman,an Egyptian citizen,opened fire at LAX with a.«scaliber Unknown but
handgun while ot the ticket counter vfo«/Airlines,killing u people and deemed aterrorist
injuring s others.The man was shot m the scene. incident
����...�������� ���� ���_ _.- --����� ...........
12'31'2000 Ahmed xeoom'on Algerian national,was stopped a,xe came across the u.s. Possible Armed Islamic
Canadian border into Washington State.His vehicle's trunk was filled with Group and a|'Uaeda
�explosives and timing devices.*e planned m detonate o suitcase bomb otLAX associate
during the,2xfestivities. �
______-_____._-___ ___ �
8-6-1974 A uomu eoua|»oom� ovovnam/o�wemonmn�cuonmmemxmmoea,
' � Unknown
terminal about 2m feet from the Pan American World Airways check-in counter,
killing z people and injuring soothers.
__________________
mo`,mouunue,iveuf,vmci�vo,u,,�n�e|e�auzz*aza,uxxiu�uuunp|an.upua�euz/ooz7
Probability
Likely— Previous occurrences indicate there have been 11 terrorist related acts in 104 years.
This equates to a terrorist act every 9.5 years on average or an 11%chance of occurrence in any
given year.
3.2.6 URBAN F|nss
Type
Due tothe urban setting of El Segundo, there is no potential for xvi|d|andfires. Aso result, fire
safety in the city isfocused on commercial, industrial, and residential areas.The main fire
hazards of concern are those associated with industrial facilities using large amounts of
f|annnnob|e or toxic materials, high-rise buildings, public gathering places, older buildings with
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substandard electrical and heating systems, and residential neighborhoods interspersed with
untreated wood shingle roofs.
Location
Major urban fires are typically associated with large or high density commercial, industrial and
residential developments.Although the residential area of the city is primarily single family
detached homes,there are numerous multi-family complexes throughout the residential area. An
uncontained fire could spread to adjacent homes or through apartment complexes.
There are numerous high rise buildings and industrial facilities in the commercial district of the city
that have the potential for large urban fires.These commercial businesses comply with fire hazard
regulations,so the probability of a large uncontrollable fire is not great.An area in town called
Smoky Hollow is susceptible to large fires or conflagration, only because historically the
buildings were built close together. Back in 1990, the Zoning Code was modified to require
sprinkler protection in all new structures in that area due to the closeness of the buildings and
lack of water supply.This requirement was codified in the 2007 California Fire Code, when the
adoption of that code took place.
Extent
A true urban conflagration is a large fire occurring in a built environment that spreads
beyond a city block to destroy sections of a city, or potentially engulfing adjoining
areas.The cause of a conflagration can be from:
• Criminal acts, such as arson, explosive devices, acts of terrorism,or civil unrest
•
faulty infrastructure h as
y ele t ical and heating systems
improper storage or handling of
flammable materials, or faulty wm
connections i
• Industrial accidents such as hazardous nip O I'I
material incidents, large quantities of
combustible fuel,explosions, and j
transportation accidents
• Natural hazards such as weather, lightning
�
strike, earthquakes, rupture of gas main,
etc.
• High winds which could spread fire to I'
other nearby buildings.
• Oil field fires in the city oil fields, at the
refinery, or oil and gas storage n g'I
Between 1935 and 1987 seventy-six oil wells
facilities
Y
were drilled in the El Segundo oil field, producing
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13.6 million barrels of oil. 1994 El Segundo Oil Wells,u.s.G.s.
5�3
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Many areas within the city are underlain by gas and oil deposits. Such deposits that exist under
the city can work their way to the surface or infiltrate structures, causing potential fires and
health hazards. The map shows the El Segundo oil field, photographed in 1994 by U.S.
Geological Survey. In the 1994 picture, the oil wells are displayed by white dots. Many of these
oil wells were plugged or abandoned and may be near or under buildings that have been
developed in the commercial and industrial area of the city.
The oil wells in the
map represent the
current oil field as of
2014.There are five
active oil fields in the s
city.There is also ft
naturally occurring
methane in soil at go a �
ACM 0 g
many locations within
the city, likely
associated with the
underlying El
Segundo Oil Field and
ou wens
petroleum AcH a I
production. There is ACando^Bd
s
typically no
immediate health or EL SEGUNDO OIL WELLS
safety risk because
the public is not exposed to the methane. However, without adequate protection, the methane
gas could migrate into buildings or other enclosed spaces, where it could accumulate and
present a fire or explosion hazard. New development and building must conduct a geotechnical
report and often an environmental investigation where methane will be identified. A remedy
plan must then be developed in order to protect the health and safety of people due to toxic
substances like methane. Methane becomes explosive at about 50,000 parts per million (ppm),
and requires some type of remediation above a level of 5,000 ppm
Previous Occurrence
From January 1, 2004 through December 1, 2014 there have been 148 structure fires, 26 other
classifications of fires, and 60 cooking fires in El Segundo totaling $15,686,186 m in damages.
Although none of these fires resulted in an urban conflagration or spread to multiple buildings,
the costs in damages and danger to people are worth the efforts to mitigate fires in the city.
Probability
Highly Likely— Previous occurrences indicate there have been 198 fire emergencies in the past
10 years. This equates to a fire emergency every .05 years on average or a 1980%chance of
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Po.
occurrence in any given year.
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3.2.7 SEVERE WEATHER—TORNADOS, WIND, AND HEAT
Type, Location and Extent
Severe weather consisting of wind, heat and tornados pose a risk to life and property in El
Segundo by creating conditions that disrupt essential systems such as public utilities,
telecommunications, and transportation routes. Severe weather is generally any destructive
weather event, but in El Segundo it usually occurs as windstorms and excessive heat.
According to the Western Regional Climate Center, the average high and low temperatures
documented at Los Angeles International Airport (adjacent to El Segundo) in September are
75.37 and 63.27, respectively.
3.2.7.1 Tornados
High winds can and do occasionally cause tornado-like damage to local homes and businesses
in El Segundo and across Los Angeles County. Tornados could occur anywhere within the city
and there have been a few tornados that did touch down close to El Segundo. There have also
been water spouts in Santa Monica Bay off the coast of El Segundo, and west of Los Angeles
International Airport, which is on the northern border of El Segundo.The National Climatic Data
Center Storm Events Database has tracked 37 tornados since 1950 that touched down in the
county of Los Angeles, causing injuries to 45 people, no deaths, and a total of$56,193,000 in
damages. The largest tornado in the Los Angeles area was an F2 (max. wind speeds 111-135
mph) that touched ground in South Central Los Angeles, 4.6 miles away from El Segundo,
injuring 30 people and causing up to $50,000 in damages.
3.2.7.2 Wind
The National Weather Service Severe Weather Definitions for high winds are as follows:
• 25 to 38 mph (22 to 33 knots) - Wind or small craft Advisory
• 39 to 54 mph (34 to 47 knots) - High wind warning or Gale
• 55 to 73 mph (48 to 63 knots) - High wind warning or Storm
• 74 to110 mph (64 to 99 knots) - High wind warning or Hurricane
High winds can occur across the entire planning area '' Brest
Basin
and have a destructive Im pact, especially to trees,
power lines, and utility services. Most incidents of high
"I
wind in El Segundo are the result of the Santa Ana
wind conditions. Whil high im p act w incidents can I
occur, they not frequent in the city.
Im:
'dl
s nl
The California Nevada Climate Applications Program as ,
I
(CNAP) Climate information for California and Nevada
decision makers (funded by the NOAH Office of Global„esp.
Programs) defines the Santa Ana winds as a dry,
sometimes hot and dusty, wind in southwestern
California that blows westward through the canyons toward the coastal areas. El Segundo sits
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in the pathway of those winds from the mountains east of Los Angeles County. Santa Ana's are
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a seasonal phenomenon occurring mostly during fall, winter and spring, tending to peak in
December. The wind usually has its origin when cold air spills southward into the Great Basin,
trapped between the Rockies to the east and the Sierras and Southern California coastal range
to the west.This cold air mass is characterized by unusually high pressure near the land
surface. Winds are driven into Southern California and the Los Angeles basin when the
pressure of this interior air mass exceeds the pressure along the California coast.
3.2.7.3 Heat
Extreme heat is defined as temperatures that reach ten degrees or more above the average
high temperature for the region lasting for several weeks. In El Segundo, extreme heat is
generated when a high-pressure ridge inhibits the normal onshore breezes, resulting in
temperatures that reach between 85 -99°F and occasionally above 100°F. Extreme temperature
can have severe impacts on human health and mortality, natural ecosystems, agriculture, and
other economic sectors.The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration reported the
first eight months of 2014 were the warmest on average in California's history since record-
keeping began in 1895. The average temperature was 62.6 degrees in California over the 8-
month time period, which is 1.1 degrees hotter than the previous high and more than 4 degrees
warmer than the 2011 century average.The California Department of Public Health reports heat
related deaths from 2000 to 2010:
Table 3-9:CDPH Heat Related Deaths
u i II mull .., III
MOM
I
2000 0.14 0.10 0.19 43
2001 0.07 0.04 0.10 21
2002 0.
.�..... _...__...._........__.._...... .
1 0.08_ 0.15 36
2003 0.10 0.07 0.15 35
....................................... ....-....... _.........._.... ..._
0.13 31
2004 0.09 0.06 ...........
2005 0.16 0.12 0.21 55
2006................................... 0.55 0.47 0..63. 184
2007 0.18 ........................_...... . 0.14 0.23 -u 62 r.......... ..................
........._..,I
2008 0.12 0.08 0...16 42
�...�.�
.............._............................
2009.. 0.15 0..:..1.1................................ 0.19 55
...... - ___---__...........................
2010 0,.09 0.07 0.13 36
... _. _
Total 0.13 0.10 0.17 600
kgtt�a:Cl'�wdv�.rw6v4k�.ro ........�....... _ ._......_...................
The United States Department of Labor reports across the nation, from 2008 through July of
2014, 109 outdoor workers died of heat related illnesses,two of which were in Los Angeles
County.
Though excessive heat in El Segundo would impact all areas of the city, it would not affect all
citizens equally.The elderly,the very young, and those with chronic health problems are most
at risk when extreme heat occurs. People suffer heat-related illness when their bodies are
unable to compensate and properly cool themselves.The body normally cools itself by
sweating. But under some conditions, sweating isn't enough and a person's body temperature
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rises rapidly. Very high body temperatures may damage the brain or other vital organs,
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Q
Previous Occurrence
The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Climatic Data Center (NCDC)
has been tracking severe weather since 1950.Their Storm Events Database tracks severe
weather events on a county basis and contains data on weather events from 1993 to current
(except from 6/1993-7/1993). Table 3.10 summarizes the past windstorm, excessive heat, and
tornado activity in the county of Los Angeles:
Table 3-10: NCDC Hazard Event Reports for Los Angeles County 1950-2014
Type #of Events Description _ _ Deaths Injuries
Severe Windstorm 1 Wind .._........................-.._... —
Excessive Heat 10 Heat index values between 105 18 0
and 112 degrees were reported
Tornado F0 23 $385,028 in property damage 0 1
9
Tornado F1 ... .....$.5 57,500 in....................... ......................p........ro..p ert.................-.................. 4
0 mage y d ...........--.............................................��w�rr..—........w—w.�.--w.....—.___
� mIT ITmm �. W�....�..... — , _
Tornado F2..To L
5 $55,250,000 in property damage 0 40 � .....m
Source:National Climatic Data Center Storm Events Database
Although a tornado has never touched down in El Segundo, four tornados causing significant
damage and injuries have occurred within five miles of the city. El Segundo has moderate
weather due to being a coastal city, but there have been incidents of high heat in the city.The
highest recorded temperature in El Segundo was 110°F in 1963. A severe windstorm with winds
over 41 knots in El Segundo has only occurred once in 64 years. While high impact wind
incidents can occur, they are not frequent in the city. In the Los Angeles area, November 30,
2011 through December 1, 2011, high winds from a Santa Ana event gusted at speeds
approaching 100 miles per hour, causing approximately$40 million in damage.The prolonged
winds toppled hundreds of trees, closed roads and schools and left more than 400,000 Edison
customers without electricity. Some utility customers were without power for up to a week. In
El Segundo, numerous trees toppled over, some onto houses causing property damage, but no
one was injured. In the Planning Area, the citywide power outage was resolved within 24 hours.
Probability
Occasional —past severe wind activity equates to a severe wind emergency every 64 years on
average or a 1.6%chance of occurrence in any given year.
Likely—past tornado activity equates to a tornado occurring every 1.7 years on average or a
58%chance of occurrence in any given year.
Likely—past excessive heat activity equates to excessive heat occurring every 6.4 years or a
16%chance of occurrence in any given year.
3.2.8 PUBLIC HEALTH EMERGENCIES—EPIDEMIC AND PANDEMIC
Type
The City of El Segundo does not have any public health resources and relies on the Los Angeles
County Department of Public Health as the lead agency for all issues pertaining to public health.
Public health emergencies can be a local health emergency, or classified as an epidemic, or
pandemic. Epidemics and pandemics occur when a disease, often a strain of influenza, emerges
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to which the population has little immunity. An epidemic occurs when an infectious disease
spreads rapidly across a population. Epidemics can also be non-infectious such as the childhood
obesity epidemic currently within Los Angeles County and across the nation. A pandemic is a
global disease outbreak. HIV/AIDS is an example of one of the most destructive global
pandemics in history. Influenza pandemics have occurred more than once:
• Spanish influenza killed 40-50 million people in 1918.
• Asian influenza killed two million people in 1957.
• Hong Kong influenza killed one million people in 1968.
The latest acute communicable diseases in Los Angeles County, reported in the Acute
Communicable Disease Control Program Special Studies Report, 2013, were botulism,
coccidioidomycosis (valley fever), Legionellosis (Legionnaires disease), hepatitis A
(multi-state from frozen food product), Campylobacter(fish ingestion), and norovirus.
More current communicable disease trends in Los Angeles County include respiratory
syncytial virus, influenza, West Nile virus, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome,
Tuberculosis (among homeless persons), non-polio Enteroviruses, and Pertussis.
Location
El Segundo in its entirety is vulnerable to a public health incident, epidemic, or
pandemic. People that spend significant time in locations that have high concentrations
of people, such as schools, churches, restaurants, entertainment facilities, etc., where
bacteria can be spread through the air by respiratory droplets from a person coughing
or sneezing, or by viruses spread from an infected person's bodily fluids (snot and
spit), or by touching objects and surfaces that have the virus on them, are more
vulnerable to being infected.
Extent
Public health experts are always concerned about the risk of another pandemic where a disease
spreads between and amongst species. The National Health Foundation developed and tested a
Los Angeles County Pandemic Flu Hospital Planning Model that simulated two 25-week
pandemics, moderate and severe, wherein 25 percent of the population (100,000) became ill in
a moderate pandemic and 35 percent (300,000) became ill for the severe pandemic. Key
findings included 204,000 patients would have unmet needs during a moderate flu pandemic
and 555,000 during a severe pandemic ( ttoo:llwww,nhfca.orgLP dectnee cCLvioerit.asox?PID-54 yl.This level of
disease activity would likely disrupt all aspects of society and may severely affect the economy.
El Segundo has no hospitals or major medical facilities or resources. All patients are transported
to medical facilities outside of the city for care.
Previous Occurrence
+ In 2003, the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) epidemic took the lives
of nearly 800 people worldwide.There were 22 potential cases in Los Angeles
County, none of which were in El Segundo.
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• From 1997 to 2005 statistics showed the prevalence of adult obesity increasing
from 14%to 21%and has continued to rise. In 2007, a Los Angeles County
Department of Public Health report stated obesity rates in children havetripled
since the late 1970's.This epidemic is ongoing and every city in the county is
affected.
• Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency
syndrome (AIDS) is a nationwide epidemic and a major cause of illnessand
death in Los Angeles County for the past two decades.
Other illnesses such as influenza are episodic and occur annually but have not reached the
epidemic or pandemic level. In El Segundo, both medical (medications, vaccines) and non-
medical (school dismissal, isolation and/or quarantine) countermeasures will be implemented
as deemed appropriate to mitigate the impact of the emergency on the public's health and
safety.The City will, at the direction of the County Public Health Officer, implement all
procedures and protocols as recommended.To ensure consistent planning efforts, federal,
state, and county public health agencies use the World Health Organization (WHO) pandemic
phases to guide their planning efforts.
Probability
Likely— Previous occurrences indicate there have been three public health emergencies in the
past 20 years. This equates to a public health emergency every 6.7 years on average or a 15%
chance of occurrence in any given year.
3.2.9 FLOODING— LOCALIZED STORMS
Type
El Segundo has not had a major flood event since the area was first settled in the 19th century.
The main source of flooding for the city is from localized urban flooding caused by severe rain.
Surface water flow through the city is not concentrated within any natural occurring streams or
channels. Urbanization has led to the collection of natural surface waters in a complex storm
water drainage system. El Segundo is not in the pathways of any dams or waterways and is not
subject to dam failure or inundation.
The City has a complex Storm Water collection system consisting of catch basins, drainage
basins, pumping stations and force mains.There are four pump stations,three fore bays, plus
numerous catch basins connected to about 12 miles of storm drain mains owned by the City.
Additionally, there are 11 miles of storm drains, one large pump station on Center Street and a
pump station at Standard Street and El Segundo Boulevard, which is owned, operated and
maintained by the Los Angeles County Public Works Department.
There are three separate drainage systems: 1) the general area located west of Sepulveda
Boulevard and north of El Segundo Boulevard; 2) the Chevron Refinery located south of El
Segundo Boulevard and west of Sepulveda; and 3) the general area located east of Sepulveda
Boulevard. Several isolated areas located west of Sepulveda Boulevard drain by discharging to
..........
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,
the City's sanitary sewer system, which is carried to the City of Los Angeles Hyperion Treatment
Plant, for treatment and ultimate discharge to Santa Monica Bay (El Segundo Circulation
Element Update).
Many storm water and drainage projects have been completed within the city to mitigate local
flooding:
* In 1989-1990 the Acacia/Cedar/Imperial Storm Drain project was constructed to divert
water into holding tank which drains into a large storm drain down Imperial Highway.
* In 2000 a new storm drain system was installed at the 600 block of Lomita.
From 1998-2002, the Arena Drain Project was constructed which included a gravity
storm drain system at Franklin Avenue and Standard Street and the reconstruction of
the existing storm drain pump station at the El Segundo Boulevard and Standard Street
intersection.
In 2002 a large gravity storm drain system (Southport Drain System)was constructed at
Mariposa Avenue and Hillcrest Street to achieve full flow capture and diversion to the
County storm drain.
In 2005 Pump 16 was remodeled to include two pumps.
• In 2012 a new storm drain was installed at Mariposa and Maryland
• In 2013 new storm drains were installed on Maple near Nash.
• Numerous other projects including the Douglas Street Gap Closure project; the Virginia
Street Drainage Improvement project; the Maple Sump project; and building a storm
station to take water from the underpass.
Location
The National Flood Insurance Program ranks the majority of El Segundo in Zone X: an area
outside the 500 year flood zone with a less than 0.2% chance of annual flooding. The city does
not flood per se, but there may be ponding of water at flat or low spots.The El Segundo Public
Works Department has identified locations that need to be checked for drainage during major
storms to ensure water is draining efficiently.These locations have grates that allow water into
the drainage system and if clogged with leaves or papers will cause water to pond and potential
flood the streets. These locations are listed below and shown on the map following the
locations:
4 The alley east of 108 Sheldon Street 4 804 & 811 California Street
0 118 Whiting Street at the alley • 817 Hillcrest Street
130 Loma Vista Street @the east alley 0 515 Irene Court
The alley east of 326 & 428 Loma Vista o Storm plant 14—Douglas gap
0 431 &438 Whiting Street 0 Storm plant 16—Stevenson Field
0 344 & 333 Virginia Street • Storm plant 17— Imperial @ Center
• The alley east of 346 Virginia Street • Storm plant 18—Hughes Way
0 alley west of 411 Richmond Street • City car wash at City Yard —discharges
The alley west of 323 &415 Eucalyptus on Illinois to storm drain
Street
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:ih r 4 fi d Ip ^
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EL SEGUNDO FLOOD RISK
A small portion of the city located along the coastline has been
„4 11 I determined by the Federal Emergency Management Agency to
be in a Special Flood Hazard Area Zone A which is subject to
inundation with a 1% chance of annual flooding.This flooding is
prevalent primarily in natural depressions within the sand dune
i topography along the beach. Coastal flooding could also
I
potentially impact a small portion of the coastline located
d� I
x.
generally between Grand Avenue and 45th Street.
�l P,INI�h Extent
Due to the mitigation efforts of the City to address flood issues,
the potential for flooding is specifically related to ponding of
Flood Insuranace Rate Map:El Segundo water resulting from clogged storm drains in the areas listed
above during periods of heavy rainfall.
Previous Occurrence
Historical flooding from winter storms caused proclamations of emergencies by El
Segundo in 1995 and 1998. In 1995, a series of storms over a few weeks hit the South
Bay area and caused $695,000 in response and rain related problems and damage.
Approximately 12 businesses in the Smoky Hollow area and six homes flooded due to
the excessive rain. The sewer system backed up due to so much water in the drainage
system causing additional problems. In 1998 there was an El Nino and significant rain
occurred causing$72,000 in damages.
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El Segundo records indicate disaster assistance funds were received for flooding emergencies in
1995 for severe storms resulting in $695,000 and in 1998 due to storms from an El Nino,
resulting in $72,000. After 1995, the Los Angeles County Flood Control District performed a
major upgrade of the storm drain system within the city, which resulted in significantly less
damages due to localized flooding in subsequent years. In 2004/2005 severe storms resulting in
damages valued at $45,000, although an emergency was not proclaimed.
Probability
Likely—Previous occurrences indicate there have been three flooding incidents with significant
costs from damage in the past 19 years. This equates to a flooding emergency every 6.3 years
on average or a 16%chance of occurrence in any given year.
3.2.10 TSUNAMI
Type
A tsunami is a series of ocean waves of
extremely long length generated by
earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, "
massive undersea landslides, or any �.
p g
other disturbance that displaces a large
water mass, causing a high speed ; .°� � 6 �_' I
seismic sea wave or series of waves. As
the waves enter shallow coastal
waters, the wave speed decreases and
the wave height increases, with enough
y Y z �xnr� bfe
D �N
momentum to flatten buildings and ��
trees and carry boats and ships inland. �. . 4
. � it"
m phi n o a
Tsunamis can cause great loss of life and property CA 65 Tsunami Inundation Map,_Venk Quadrangle
damage. Following the arrival of the first wave,
subsequent waves may increase in height and arrive minutes to hours later.
A seiche is a standing wave with propagating waves traveling in opposite directions, which can
occur in large enclosed bodies of water(e.g. a lake) or a semi-enclosed body of water(e.g. a
harbor). The coastline of El Segundo faces open ocean and is unlikely to have a seiche in effect
along the coast.
By definition, a local-source tsunami is when the source of the tsunami occurs within 1000
kilometers (621 miles) of the area. Local or nearfield tsunamis have a very short travel time (10-
20 minutes). The most likely cause of a local-source tsunami striking the Los Angeles area is an
earthquake occurring off the Californian coast causing a landslide to occur on the coastal shelf.
By definition, a distant-source tsunami is when the source of the tsunami occurs more than
1000 km (621.4 miles) away from the area. The event most likely to cause a distant-source
tsunami to strike the Los Angeles area is an earthquake occurring in the Pacific Rim; particularly
Alaska, Hawaii, o.r Chile. .._......................,. �................ �........... _ ......................._...........m...__��a..... ......... _..
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The factors that determine the severity of a tsunami may include the source (local, distant or
landslide), the source location (epicenter or rupture surface), magnitude of the earthquake,
size-volume of slope failure, class of earthquake fault (strike-slip, dip-slip, reverse or thrust,
transform, or oblique), depth of water, tsunami amplitude, and sediment type, slope, and
potential seismic acceleration.
Location
The western border of the city is the only area vulnerable to a seismic or underwater landslide
induced tsunami. According to the State of California Geological Survey, the predicted run up
for a tsunami along the coast of El Segundo is 50 feet.This
f' would inundate the beach sand and Vista Del Mar, the only
street route running north-south along the coast.There are
City owned restrooms on the beach within the inundation
NIiVI zone. The Chevron Marine Terminal Control Room and
Forebay is also present along the beach. It lies south of Grand
Avenue and the restrooms,
and north of NRG, Inc.The
Chevron Marine Terminal Control Room Marine Terminal Facility „IIII „jl
may have from one to 11 operators in the control room at
any given time. NRG, Inc. has an energy plant directly on the „III l
coast.The plant has a sea wall between the plant and the M
beach and ocean waves. Depending on the height and run up
of a tsunami, the wall may or may not provide sufficient NRG,Inca
protection against a tsunami.
The primary emergency response for the beach area would be to ensure evacuation of any
people present there and notify Chevron and NRG, Inc. of the impending tsunami. With enough
warning, tankers at the Marine Loading System berths may be able to go further out to sea to
avoid the incoming tsunami.
Extent
Based on the FEMA projected sea water run-up modeling of tsunamis, it is estimated that less
than 2% of the city would be directly impacted. The Chevron Marine Terminal facility and NRG,
Inc. are directly in the path of an incoming tsunami, well within the designated inundation zone.
Regarding an off-shore landslide causing a near shore tsunami, Lee et al. (2000) conducted a
study to isolate regions of shallow seated submarine slope failures in Santa Monica Bay.
Through GIS technology,the study evaluated parameters related to submarine slope failure,
including sediment type, slope, and potential seismic acceleration for susceptibility to
seismically induced slope failures.They found that the south facing flank of the Santa Monica
Mountains and the walls of the Santa Monica and Redondo Canyons are particularly vulnerable
to submarine sliding. Although the study had limitations to shallow seated submarine landslides
that may not be tsunamigenic, the findings highlight the potential for larger underwater slides.
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Another study, conducted by researchers Costas E. Synloakis, University of Southern California
(USC) professor of civil and environmental engineering, Jose C. Borrero, assistant research
professor in the USC engineering school, and Mark Legg, a geophysicist working with the USC
researchers at the Viterbi School of Engineering described the tsunami hazard associated with
offshore faults, including one that lies under Santa Catalina Island. Restraining bends in the
fault trace, like the bend under Catalina Island, produce regions where earthquake stresses
cause the sea floor to pop up and generate a tsunami. "A magnitude 7.6 earthquake could
cause seafloor uplift of six feet or more," Borrero said.That, in turn, would disturb the sea
surface by the same amount, resulting in a tsunami.
Previous Occurrence
California has experienced tsunamis of both local and distant origin:
0 The December 21, 1812 Santa Barbara earthquake, appears to have generated a
moderate tsunami that affected over 60 km of the Santa Barbara coast causing
extensive damage to the Spanish missions of Santa Barbara, Ventura, and La Purisima at
Lompoc (Toppozada et al., 1981; Lander and Lockridge, 1989). Run up from this event is
believed to have been up to 4 meters (m) at El Refugio (40 km west of Santa Barbara),
and around 2 m in Santa Barbara and Ventura.
0 The November 4, 1927 Point Arguello-Lompoc earthquake (Ms 7.0) northwest of Point
Conception (Byerly, 1930, Satake and Somerville, 1992). A 2 m wave was reported in
Surf, while at Port San Luis a 2 m leading depression wave followed by a 2 m leading
elevation wave was reported. This event was recorded on tidal stations in California and
Hawaii. A 10 cm tsunami height was recorded on a tidal gage in Hilo, Hawaii (Satake and
Somerville, 1992).
Q On August 31, 1930, a moderate (Ms 5.2) earthquake centered off Santa Monica inside
Santa Monica Bay was widely felt across the Southern California region (Gutenberg et
al., 1932; Hauksson and Saldivar, 1986; Hauksson, 1990). Newspaper accounts after the
event describe a day of unusually large waves for the normally calm time of year(Lander
et al., 1993). One drowning was associated with the conditions and local lifeguards were
forced to make several rescues (Lander, et al., 1993). It is possible that the temblor
caused a submarine landslide that may have triggered a seiche within Santa Monica Bay
[Lander, et al., 1993].
0 Crescent City in northern California received extensive damage from atsunami
generated by the 1964 Alaska earthquake (M 9.2). Recorded measurement of
the largest wave (crest to trough)following this event was approximately 6.5 feet
(2.0 m) at Santa Monica Bay(McCulloch 1985).
• The most damaging tsunami in southern California occurred after the 1960Chilean
earthquake (M 9.4),when wave heights up to approximately 8.9 feet were
recorded in Santa Monica Bay and more than $1 million in damages were incurred
(McCulloch 1985).
Ci.ty...of..E.I'Segundo ...........- _.........................,_ .............,................_.m...—_.._............
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i°
The table below shows data for previous tsunamis recorded in central and southern California
from 1812 to 2000 (from httr)://www.ngdc.noaa-RovLnt2dc/servlet/ShowDatasets):
Table 3-11:Tsunamis Impacting California
Distant-source Tsunamis
08/13/1868mmm Arica, Peru San Diego
5/10/1877 I Chile San Pedro
6/15/1896 Sanriku,Japan Santa Cruz
1/31/1906 Ecuador San Diego
1/31/1906 Unimak Island,Alaska Noyo Harbor, Half Moon Bay,Santa Cruz,
.... Port Hueneme,Catalina Island
Kamchatka, USSR Crescent City
3%/%/9574 Unimak Island,Alaska San Diego
Crescent City, Noyo Harbor, Pismo Beach,
5/22/1960 Chile Morro Bay,Santa Barbara, Los Angeles,
and San Diego
3/28/1964 e
Princa....William Sound,.....�- Crescent _.. �
Alask City,San Francisco
3/28/1964 Kanapala, Hawaii Catalina Island
Source:Lander et a - ...,.__
L,1993
Local-source Tsunamis
12/21/1812 Santa Barbara
5/31/1854 Santa Barbara
10/21/1854 V San Francisco
7/10/1855 San Juan Capistrano
2/15/1856 .1 San France.... _.
sco
5/27/1862 San Diego
10/8/1865 Santa Cruz
.....
10/21/1868 San Francisco
122/1873
Northwest,
CA
... _
/1901
Monterey
4/18/1906 San Francisco
11/4/1927 Point Arguello
8/30/19030 Santa Monica
_..10/19/1989....._ ......._.. m _ ..... ... ...
_4/25/1992 . _.......� Monterey
. ...... ._ �
Mendocino
Source:Lander et al.,1993;McCar t mm m
hy et al„1993;Borrero,2002
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Probability
Unlikely-There has been one tsunami that affected the Los Angeles county coastline in 202
years.This equates to a tsunami occurring every 202 years on average or a .5% chance of
occurrence in any given year.
3.2.11 DROUGHT
Type
Drought is a lack of adequate water, whether atmospheric, surface or ground water. Drought
occurs over a prolonged period of time —typically more than one year, or lasting several years.
Drought impacts most the populations that rely on or are affected by a lack of water or annual
rainfall. A drought negatively impacts forests and wildland fires, the economy of the agricultural
industry, growth of feed and sufficient grazing for livestock, and rural residents that use wells or
small water systems for their water source. The California Department of Water Resources
(DWR) tracks water supply conditions across the state. Indicators include the annual snowpack,
precipitation, runoff, and reservoir storage. There are ten major hydrologic regions in the state.
By tracking the indicators in the hydrologic regions, the DWR can continually monitor drought
conditions and forecast potential drought or dry years in the 58 counties across the state.
In El Segundo, drought impacts are more related to social, economic, and environmental uses.
El Segundo is entirely urban; water usage is typically related to municipal, tourism, commerce,
and recreation, all of which require a constant steady supply of water.
Location
When a drought is in effect, the entire city is affected by the drought.
Extent
Currently, the State of California is in a severe drought. On January 17, Gov. Edmund G. Brown
Jr. declared a drought state of emergency. Dry conditions have occurred for the past three
years culminating in an historic drought in the state. Reservoirs, groundwater basins and
ecosystems are at half-capacity or less, and are stressed.The wildfire risk is extremely high.
2014 is the state's third driest in 119 years of record, based on statewide precipitation. In late
July, the U.S. Drought Monitor classified 58 percent of California in "exceptional" drought, the
most severe on the U.S. Drought Monitor's five-point scale, and that percentage remained
unchanged through September. More than 80 percent was in "extreme" drought (California
Department of Water Resources). On July 15, 2014, the California State Water Resources
Control Board approved an emergency regulation to ensure agencies and state residents
increase water conservation allowing local agencies to ask courts to fine water users up to$500
per day for failure to implement conservation requirements. As of November, 2014, at least
252 local water agencies have implemented some form of mandatory restrictions or
conservation actions in response to the drought.
The city's only source of potable water is imported from the Metropolitan Water District of
Southern California (MWD) supplied through the West Basin Municipal Water District
WB
MWD). Water is imported into Southern California through two major water supply
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systems:
• The Colorado River Aqueduct, constructed and operated by MWD, transportswater
from the Colorado River to MWD's service area
• The State Water Project, owned and operations by the State Department of Water
Resources, transports water from the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta through the
California Aqueduct
MWD is the purveyor of imported water for most of Southern California, encompassing Los
Angeles, Orange, and Ventura counties. This accounts for more than 60 percent of MWD's
Central Pool service area. MWD's service area covers approximately 5,200 square miles with a
resident population of over 16.5 million people.
m iNl� I I r Neil N li ^ p,.
l it 'dlV ° �Npl ru
h
M �" „m I ''Nmplrlll Ng �n nV'',
MWD Service Area,2014
Although MWD water supply conditions are below normal, and storage reserves are at their
lowest since 2008, the MWD has a Water Surplus and Drought Management Plan (1999) that
lays out a ten-year-plan to attain the region's 100 percent reliability goal.There is the possibility
of MWD having insufficient water for their customers.The plan addresses both surplus and
shortage contingencies:
• Surplus: Supplies are sufficient to allow Metropolitan to meet Full Service demands,
make deliveries to all interruptible programs (replenishment, long-term seasonal
storage, and agricultural deliveries), and deliver water to regional and local facilitiesfor
storage.
• Shortage: Supplies are sufficient to allow Metropolitan to meet Full Service demands
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0
and make partial or full deliveries to interruptible programs, sometimes using stored
water and voluntary water transfers.
• Severe Shortage: Supplies are insufficient and Metropolitan is required to make
withdrawals from storage, call on its water transfers, and possibly call for extraordinary
drought conservation and reduce deliveries under the Interim Agricultural Water
Program.
• Extreme Shortage: Supplies are insufficient and Metropolitan is required toallocate
available imported supplies.
In El Segundo, the average annual potable water purchases are 8,800 acre feet per year. The
City sells approximately 8,300 acre feet per year of various qualities of recycled water to
Chevron and other customers through the WBMWD recycled water system. Recycled water
makes up approximately 48.5% of the total water demand from businesses within the city.
The City has 9.5 million gallons (mg) of capacity in two ground level steel reinforced concrete
reservoirs (3 mg circular tank, and 6.3 mg rectangular tank) and one elevated tower tank
reservoir(200,000 g). The reservoirs store water to be used for operations, emergency storage,
and firefighting:
• Operational storage serves to equalize variations in sources of supply and demand over
daily or weekly periods of time and to fight fires. This component is approximately 35
percent of the average day demand.
• Emergency storage is used in the event of an State and Federal
interruption in the primary water supply Declared Drought Disasters
source. MWD estimates that most outages in i9so-December zoiz
service can be mitigated within seven days. Number of Disasters
For El Segundo, this is approximately 55 mg w 1 ° ' ` �l9 4.3
for the existing system and 60.5 mg for the , - ` , ��. +-2
ultimate system. This amount of storage is
not feasible for a closed system, such as El
s,
Segundo's due to the water quality issues
that would result from maintaining such large
r �
quantities in storage.
• Fire suppression storage is the volume
required to supply the planning area with
required fire flows, ranging from 2,000 to
8,000 gallons per minute for a duration of
two to eight hours. Maximum fire flow
requires a storage volume of 3.84 mg. a '
wade w,b, wn srn.m.uM<
Mry 1011
Local governments and water suppliers are
responsible for managing their water system to �
ensure an adequate and safe water supply. Drought response at the local level is commonly
voluntary or mandatory conservation imposed under local ordinances.The governing body of a
City of..E.l..Segundo .. ........,.. _..............__,- ..... .........�
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G
city or county may proclaim a local emergency when the conditions of disaster or extreme peril
exist.The proclamation enables the city or county to use emergency funds, resources, powers,
and to promulgate emergency orders and regulations.
Previous Occurrence
In the past, the County of Los Angeles, including the El Segundo, has experienced four droughts:
from 1976-1977, from 1987 to 1992, in 2001, and from 2011 to 2014. In a period of 97 years,
1917 through 2014, Los Angeles County has had one drought declared disaster (source: Cal
OES). Los Angeles or El Segundo have yet to proclaim a local emergency due to the ongoing
drought.
Probability
Occasional -There has been four droughts that affected Los Angeles County and the cities
within its borders in the past 97 years.This equates to a drought occurring every 24 years on
average or a 4.1%chance of occurrence in any given year.
3.2.12 CLIMATE CHANGE—AIR POLLUTION
Type
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) describes climate change as "any significant
change in the measures of climate lasting for an extended period of time. In other words,
climate change includes major changes in temperature, precipitation, or wind patterns, among
other effects, that occur over several decades or longer."Many people confuse climate change
with global warming. Global warming refers to the recent and ongoing rise in global average
temperatures near Earth's surface, however, global warming represents only one aspect of
climate change. The Earth's average temperature has risen by 1.47 over the past century, and
is projected to rise another 2 to 11.57 over the next hundred years. Rising global temperatures
have been accompanied by changes in weather and climate. Many places have seen changes in
rainfall, resulting in more floods, droughts, or intense rain, as well as more frequent and severe
heat waves.The planet's oceans and glaciers have also experienced changes - oceans are
warming and becoming more acidic, ice caps are melting, and sea levels are rising.
Location
Climate change is occurring around the entire world, but the effects of climate change are
enhanced in coastal cities, like El Segundo. As greenhouse gases trap more energy from the sun,
the oceans are absorbing more heat, resulting in an increase in sea surface temperatures and
rising sea level. Changes in ocean temperatures and currents brought about by climate change
will lead to alterations in climate patterns around the world. For example, warmer waters may
promote the development of stronger storms in the tropics, which can cause property damage
and loss of life.The impacts associated with sea level rise and stronger storms are especially
relevant to coastal communities. Climate change will affect the city equally by geography, aside
from the aspect of sea level rise, which will affect the businesses directly on the coast. Sea level
rise can cause inundation or long-term waterline change, extreme high tides, coastal erosion,
and salt water intrusion.
_..— ..............................._--_...........
........
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y I.
mn
Extent
The EPA works with other organizations to observe, collect and communicate data about
climate change. The indicators that are tracked correlate to long-term trends related to the
causes and effects of climate change, although some indicators show trends that can be more
directly linked to human-induced climate change than others.
Table 3-12:Climate Change Indicators
Climate Change Indicators
I
U.S. ..
U.S. and Global Heating and
Greenhouse
Temperature Arctic Sea Ice Cooling Degree Days Wildfires
,Gas Emissions
Ocean ea g
...., ......
Global High and Low Sea Surface Glaciers Heat-Related
Greenhouse Temperatures Temperature Deaths Streamflow
Gas Emissions
Atmospheric Great Lakes
Concentrations U.S. and Global Sea Level Lake Ice Lyme Disease Water Levels
of ases
Temperatures
....�m..Greenhouse �---Precipitation and
......................m._ _
Heavy Length of
Climate Forcing y Ocean Acidity Snowfall Growing Bird Wintering
Precipitation Ranges
Season
Drought Ocean Heat Snow Cover Ragweed Leaf and
Pollen Season Bloom Dates
Tropical Cyclone � .,. ,. . I ..�
Snow pack
Activity p
The effects of these indicators include:
• Greenhouse Gases: human activities have increased the emissions of greenhouse gases.
As a result of the increase in emissions, average concentrations of heat-trapping gases in
the atmosphere are also increasing.
• Weather and Climate: average U.S. and global temperatures are increasing, while
attributes of weather and climate, such as precipitation, drought, and tropical cyclone
activity, are changing.
• Oceans:the oceans are getting warmer. Sea levels are rising around the world, andthe
oceans are becoming more acidic.
• Snow and Ice:glaciers in the United States and around the world are generally
shrinking, while snowfall and snow cover in the United States have decreased overall.
The extent of Arctic sea ice is declining.
• Health and Society: warmer temperatures and later fall frosts allow ragweed plants to
produce pollen later into the year, potentially prolonging allergy season. The length of
Ragweed pollen season has increased at 10 out of 11 locations studied in thecentral
yof El Segundo .�_...�a�......................._.......:.. �_.....�.......--. _.e...... �...........�_._m
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United States and Canada since 1995.The change becomes more pronounced from
south to north.
* Ecosystems: many areas are experiencing earlier spring events, such as peak stream
runoff and flower blooms. Bird migration patterns are changing, and wildfire sizehas
increased.
The California Adaptation Planning Guide (APG): Planning for Adaptive Communities identifies
climate change impacts statewide as:
• Increases in the frequency, intensity, and duration of extreme heat events and heat
waves in California, which are likely to increase heat—related illness and the risk of
mortality and morbidity for the elderly, individuals with chronic conditions such as heart
and lung disease, diabetes, and mental illnesses, infants, the socially or economically
disadvantaged, and those who work outdoors.
• A decrease in water supplies to California users due to higher temperatures meltingthe
Sierra snowpack earlier and driving the snowline higher, resulting in less snowpack.
• Intense rainfall events, periodically ones with larger than historical runoff, with more
frequent and extensive flooding.
• More frequent and persistent droughts in the 21st century.
• Increased snowmelt producing higher winter runoff from the landward side.
• Accelerated sea-level rise producing higher storm surges during coastal storms.
The APG: Understanding Regional Characteristics identifies regional impacts for the South Coast
region (Los Angeles, Orange, San Diego, and Ventura counties) to include sea level rise, reduced
water supply, and public health issues—both heat and air pollution. Cal-Adapt (www.Cal-
Adapt.orp,) projects the following climate projections for the South Coast region, which includes
El Segundo:
m
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0 Temperature 1990 to 2100:winter temperature increase: 1°F to 2.5°F by 2050 and 5°F to 6°F
and summer temperature increase: 3°F to 4°F by 2050 and 5°F to 10°F
Precipitation: low-lying coastal areas will lose up to 2 inches by 2050 and 3 to 5 inches by
2090
w Sea Level Rise: by 2100, sea levels may rise 55 inches resulting in 45 percent more land in Los
Angeles County to be more vulnerable to 100-yearfloods.
M Heat Wave: along the coast, a heat wave is five days over temperature in the 80s.Allareas
can expect 3 to 5 more heat waves by 2050 and 12 to 14 by2100.
The State Water Project and the Colorado River are the primary sources of water used by the
South Coast region. In both cases,these water supplies originate in mountain snowpack, which
will be reduced by climate change, resulting in reduced water supply (APG: Understanding
Regional Characteristics). Further threatening the regional water supply is the vulnerability of
the levees protecting the California Delta, which feeds the State Water Project (DWR, 2011).
City of El Segundo
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According to the Los Angeles Department of Public Health: Climate and Health Series Report,
changes to the climate also present significant health risks, including respiratory disease, heat-
related illness and death, poorer water quality, and vector-borne disease.
o Los Angeles County suffers from some of the worst air pollution in the country, which is
worsened by climate change. Hotter temperatures speed up the chemical reactions that
create ground-level ozone, the main component of smog. Ground-level ozone is linked
to asthma, bronchitis, heart attack, and premature death.
* Increasing temperatures also lead to heat-related illnesses and death.The human body
operates best within a narrow range of core body temperature, around 98.6°F. As core
body temperature rises, the body cools itself by sweating and increasing blood
circulation close to the skin's surface. When this cooling system is unable to keep up
with a prolonged heat wave or a drastic change in temperature, the individual is at
greater risk of heat-related illness.
Water quality is affected by heat-caused evaporation of bodies of water and reduced
snowfall, which may lead to more demand for water. When water resources dwindle,
the county is affected not only by the lack of water, but also by the quality of water.
Pollutants already existing in the water supply become more concentrated in smaller
bodies of water, increasing the risk of water-borne illnesses like diarrheal diseases.
Hotter temperatures can cause vector-borne diseases. Vectors are living things, such as
insects or rodents that transmit disease to humans. Vectors like mosquitoes are an
increasing concern in the Los Angeles region. Mosquitos can carry diseases like Dengue
fever and West Nile virus (WNV). In 2013, mosquitoes that carried WNV contributed to
9 deaths and 165 infections in the county.
Previous Occurrence
Climate change was first observed and documented in the late 1800s. It has been an
increasingly constant hazard since that time, with more significant effects during the past three
decades more than any other time in history.
Probability
Since climate change has been constantly occurring since the late 19th century, the probability
of occurrence cannot be calculated using the described standard as with the previous hazards.
Climate change will continue to occur and gradually increase in severity through the year 2100
and into the next century.
3.3 RISK ASSESSMENT
A risk assessment involves evaluating vulnerable assets, describing potential impacts, and
estimating losses for each hazard.The intention of a risk assessment is to help the community
understand the greatest risks facing the city.The risk assessment defines and quantifies
vulnerable populations, buildings, critical facilities, and other assets at risk from hazards, and is
based on the best available data and the significance of the hazard.The risk assessment further
examines the impact of the identified hazards on the city, determines which areas of the city
City of El Segundo
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are most vulnerable to each hazard, and estimates potential losses to City facilities for each
hazard.
3.3.1 HAZARD RISK RATING
For the 2015 HMP, the risk for each hazard was rated using the Calculated Priority Risk Index
(CPRI).The CPRI examines four criteria for each hazard (probability, magnitude/severity,
warning time, and duration (Table 3-13). For each hazard, an index value is assigned for each
CPRI category from 0 to 4 with "0" being the least hazardous and "4" being the most hazardous
situation. This value is then assigned a weighting factor and the result is a hazard ranking score
(Table 3-14).Table 3-15 is an overall summary of the hazard evaluations for the city.
Table 3-13:Calculated Priority Risk Index
MEN=
NEON
Unlikely Extremely rare with no documented history of occurrences 1
or events.Annual probability of less than 0.001.
Rare occurrences with at least one documented or anecdotal
Possible historic event.Annual probability of between 0.01 and 2
0.001.
Probability Occasional occurrence with at least two or more 45%
Likely documented historic events.Annual probability of between 3
0.1 and 0.01.
.................
Frequent events with a well-documented history of
Highly Likely occurrence.Annual probability of greater than 0.1. 4
Magnitude Negligible property damages(less than 5%of critical and
-Severity non-critical facilities and infrastructure).
Negligible Injuries or illnesses are treatable with first aid and there are 1
no deaths.
Negligible quality of life lost.
Shut down of critical facilities for less than 24 hours.
Slight property damages(greater than 5%and less than 25%
of critical and non-critical facilities and infrastructure).
Injuries and illnesses do not result in permanent disability
Limited and there are no deaths. 2
Moderate quality of life lost.
Shut down of critical facilities for more than 1 day and less 30%
than 1 week.
Moderate property damages(greater than 25%and less than
50%of critical and non-critical facilities and infrastructures).
Critical Injuries or illnesses result in permanent disability and at least 3
one death.
Shut down of critical facilities for more than 1 week and less
than 1 month.
............
Severe w__ ._...
property damages(greater than 50%of critical and
non-critical facilities and infrastructure).
Catastrophic Injuries or illnesses result in permanent disability and 4
multiple deaths.
Shut down of critical facilities for more than 1 month.
- ..
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__
<than6houo Popu|ationeceives|essthon6houoofwamin _4___
--- owngVa,nin� 6tolZhou� Population ti i between-n6'12hoursfmmi � 3
o----� p e be
15%
Time 12toZ4hou Pou|abonrce�estween1Z�4hou�ufwmmin 2
� .................��
>zna�24houo Popu|a�nnrece�esQre�erthan Z4hou�ofwamin _ 1
«than 6houo Disaster 1
���
6toZ4hrs� Disaster event �
Duration ' -------- 10��
Z4hn�to1week Di�astereventwi|| |a�tbetween24hour�andlweek�
�-- | U |last h ----- �
�than lweek ^ Disaster will moret an 1wee k� � 4
Table 3-14:Calculated Priority Risk Index Summary
Hazardous Materials 3 1.35 2 0.6 IP
Transportation Incidents-/A�Rail 3 135 z 03 4 06 2 0.2 2.45
����
Pipe|ine-Di|SpiUs 3 0.90 Z O�6 4 O�6 3 O.] 2.4
Terrorism-Nuclear 1 0.45 3 0.9 4 0.6 3 0.3 2.25
Severe Weather-Wind,Tornados,Heat 2 O�9O 2 0.6 3 O�45 Z 0.2 2
-- ------ --'
Flooding-Localized Storms 3 1.35 1 0.3 Z 0.3 Z 0.2
� ��.���� ������Urban Fires Z O�9O l 0.3 4 �
2.0
--- ----- | �
Drought z 0.90 1 03 l AS � 4 0.4 1.75 �
Pub|icHealth-Epidemic,Pandemic Z 0.90 l 0.6 1 0.15 2 1�5 �
�����`���`
Tsunami 1 O�45 Z 0.6 4 � .h Z 1.85 �
� � �
��imateChange-Air PoUut�n z O�9O 1 O3 1 � 'l5 4 � O�4 1.75
CPm| Hazard Risk Scoring
Risk Lev�l Sexere HiQh PNo� Low
Rank So ore h 4 | 3-I9 k 2-2.9 1-1.9 ---1
---'—
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Table 3-15:Summary ofHazard Evaluations
E jar t h�g u�ak e Likely Critical >6 hrs. >1 week 3.26-High
Hazardous Materials Likely Limited >6 hrs. 24 hrs.—1 2.85-Moderate
week
Transportation Incidents Likely Ne���� >6h�. 6'Z4hs 2.45'K8oderote
����.��__
Pipeline—Oil Spills Likely 24h��—1 ke|y Limited �6h
. 2.4'Moderate |
week
Terrorism '--|-- Unlikely Critical ^0 hrs. 24h�.-1
2.25'Moderate
week
----------------| --------------------�-
Severe Weather | Possible Limited _ 6'lZhr� 6'24hrs. �.15'Knodero�e
Booding—Btorms Likely Negligible 12'24hro. 6'24hrs. 2.1S'Moderate
_e__
Urban Fires Possible Negligible �6h�� 6Z4h r�� 2.D'Moderate
_-_. _
Drought Possible Low
Public Health Possible 6'Z4h�. 1.05'Lo�
_________ �
Tsunami Unlikely Limited >6hrs. 6'24hrs. 1.85'Low U
Climate Change Possible Negligible ^Z4hrs. `1week 1.75'Low �
��� ........ ��������
3.3.2 POPULATION AT RISK
Residential population data for E| Segundo was obtained from the State ofCalifornia
Department of Finance E-1 Population Estimates for Cities, Counties, and the State -- January 1,
2013 and 2014.The population is estimated to be 16,897.
'
|
m"'.P __—J
. `— /
|
o Segundo Residential Population Density
� i— ofE|Segundo --- --- --------�
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The number of daily commuters that enter El Segundo each day for work is widely estimated
between 47,000 (Gallup Daily estimate of U.S. employment) and 80,000 (System Evaluation and
Capacity Assurance Plan and Rehabilitation and Replacement Program).The estimate of 53,170
employees shown in the map below was calculated using the number of employees listed on
the business licenses through the City.
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EL SEGUNDO BUSINESS EMPLOYEE POPULATION BY BLOCK
3.3.3 BUILDINGS AT RISK
Building Inventory-2010 U.S.Census Data
Residential Commercial-Industrial Mixed Commercial
7410 1840 1040
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January 2015 80
3.3.4 IDENTIFICATION OF CRITICAL FACILITIES AND ASSETS
The location and operations of high-risk facilities such as critical infrastructures and key assets
in or near El Segundo are a significant concern with respect to a disaster.The planning team
reviewed the critical facilities represented in the 2009 HMP and found that many facilities now
considered critically important were not listed.The 2015 HMP added critical infrastructure,
private businesses, schools and churches to the list. The planning team used FEMA's "Public
Assistance Guide" (FEMA 322)that defines critical facilities as shelters, hospitals EOCs, data
centers, utility plants or high hazardous materials facilities, and the example from the FEMA
Hazard Mitigation Handbook that described three categories of facilities for analysis to revise
the list: critical facilities such as City operations and public safety; high potential loss facilities
such as businesses, churches, schools, and facilities with hazardous materials; and critical
infrastructure such as streets and bridges, airports, and oil refineries.Table 3-16 lists the
revised critical facilities for the 2015 HMP.
Table 3-16:El Segundo Critical Facilities
., �� iiii lllllllllll
EI
Se gundo qty Hall Critical Facility Continuity of Operations
El Segundo Fire Station#1 Critical Facility Public Safety
El Segundo Fire Station#2/Alt. EOC Critical Facility Public Safety
E.L.. ... . ... . .De.......artment EOC. .... .. ._............_......_.... ... ............_............................................................................................................
Segundo Police p / Critica I Facility Public Safety
El Segundo Maintenance Facility Critical Facility Continuity of Operations
E I S egundo Water Plant/Tower Critical Facility _...........mw..._ww� Water Resource
Library Critical Facility Continuity of Operations
Plunge-m Urho Saari Swim Stadium Critical Facility Historical Site
Teen Center Critical Facility Evacuation Center
Joslyn Center Critical Facility Shelter Site
Gordon Clubhouse Critical Facility Shelter Site
L..................................................................................................................................................................................... W ..
Golf Course Clubhouse Critical Facility Evacuation Center
Campus El Segundo Athletic Fields Critical Facility Shelter Site
Reservoir 1 Critical Infrastructure Water Resource
_.�...............................................____................._.........___..._......................................................................................_...............................
Reservoir 2 Critical Infrastructure Water Resource
.....-..._....................................................
_www....._.
Pump Critical Infrastructure Public Works Services I'll Pum House A
Pump Station 1 _.. - Critical Infrastructure_... _r.
cture Public Works Services
Pump Station 2 Critical Infrastructure Public Works Services
Pump Station 4 Critical Infrastructure Public Works Services
Pump Station 5 Critical Infrastructure Public Works Services
Pump Station 6 Critical Infrastructure Public Works Services
Pump Station 7 Critical Infrastructure Public Works Services
Pump Station 8 Critical Infrastructure Public Works Services
Pump Station 9 Critical Infrastructure Public Works Services
Pump Station 13 Critical Infrastructure Public Works Services
Storm Drain Plant 14 Critical Infrastructure Public Works Services
Storm Drain Plant 16 Critical Infrastructure Public Works Services
......Storm.....Drain...Plant...17..................._.................................................................................................L.....................wwww w�....... .._.�r..-.-..
Critical Infrastructure Public Works Services
_�_...��._.........1.........__..._111............ ..._ .�
Storm Drain Plant 18 Critical Infrastructure Public Works Services
-............................ ..........�....�........... _.� .................._.w.
Pressure Reduction Station Critical Infrastructure Public Works Services
01 1,,111,. .. ���� II II 'Ili
�.
Digital Realty Data Center Critical Infrastructure Data Center
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0
_ _ .... ..... _ _ __ __'�l
Equinix Data Center(2 facilities) Critical Infrastructure Data Center
T5 Data Center Critical Infrastructure Data Center
NRG Energy, Inc. Critical Infrastructure Energy/Power Plant
Scattergood Generating St�t�io ___. Critical Infrastructure Power Plant
West Basin Water Reclamation Plant Critical Infrastructure Water Resource Utility
West Basin Pressure Reduction Station#3 Critical Infrastructure Water Resource Utility
West Basin Pressure Reduction Station#28 Critical Infrastructure Water Resource Utility
Hyperion Wastewater Treatment Plant Critical Infrastructure Water Resource Utility
Church of J esus Christ Of LIDS High Potential Loss Facility Evacuation Center
,jLI Sepnclo Christian Church High Potential Loss Facility Evacuation Center
First Baptist Church High Potential Facility Evacuation
Foursquare �� Evacuation Center
�HiUto_2 Community Church Hi hPotential L Facility t ���� _ .______
B Segundo Jehovah's Witnesses High Potential Loss Facility Evacuation Center
���.��
Ocean�d�Ch���nFeUowshiE _��gh;�n�n�a| LooFacility Shelter Site
Pacific Baptist Church High Potential Loss Facility Evacuation Center
5t.Andrew Russian Greek Catholic Church 1 High Potential Loss Facility Evacuation Center
St.Anthony Catholic Church High Potential Loss Facility Evacuation Center
________ |E|Se d St ]ohn'sLutheranChurch Hi�h Potential Loss Facility Evacuation Center
E|Segundo St. Michael's Episcopal Church High Potential Loss Facility Evacuation Center
United Methodist Church ` High Potential Loss Facility Evacuation Center
ArenaH�h�_choo| High Potential Loss Facility Evacuation Center
�_ _______
Center Street Elementary School _Hig�h_Potential Loss Facility Evacuation Center
E|Segundo High School High Potential i Facility Shelter Site
E|Segundo Middle School High Pot entia| Loss Facility Evacuation Center �
_Richmond Street Elementary School High Potential Loss Facility Evacuation Center
St Anthony School High Potential Loss Facility Evacuation Center
VistamnrSchoo| High Potential Ln�� Facility Evacuation Center
� ����
Boeing Satellite Systems(l9facilities) High Potential Loss Facility High Population/Target Site
_____ct
Chevron ProdusCo. High Potential Loss Facility High Population/Target Site
International Rectifier _ _���hPntentiaUossFacUty
_�E�+��L�rumman t�n/Target Site
P �
Corp(5fad|ities) High otentin| LooFu i|i
|
Pacific Corporate Towers(3facilities) High Potential Loss Facility High Population/Target Site
�
Raytheon Company(18facilities) High Potential Loss Faci|itx h |
The Aerospace Co High Potential Loss Facility High Population/Target Site
Toyota Sports Center _ _Hip poten1iaU Loss Facility �High Population/Target Site
The DirecTV Group,_|nc.(7fad|itied High Potential Loss Facility High Population/Target Site
«Mattel Corporation High Potential Loss Facility High Population/Target Site
Tri-Star Technologies High Potential Loss Facility h | _
US Post Office High Potential Loss Facility High Population/Target Site
_Virginia Street Pipeline ____ _________High Potential Loss Facility High Population/Tar�����_
Railroad Bridge _��h Potential Loss Facility High Population
Los Angeles International Air rt High Potential Loss Facility High Population/Target Site
Los Angeles Air Force Base __- High Potential_Loss Facilityh_-__|
__
Military Entrance Processing Station Mi�h Potential High
��� ,
City ofE|Segundo 82
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January 2015
dd
so
r
Type Facility
® City Facility
od�u City Utility
Non-City Utility
z u�
d Religious
I School p
® Target Hazard
11) US Military Facility j
EL SEGUNDO CRITICAL FACILITIES
3.3.5 Existing Land Use
The land use information is based on the City's latest General Plan land use map. Sepulveda
Boulevard and El Segundo Boulevard divide the city into four major quadrants.The northwest
quadrant consists of the residential community and adjoining downtown business district.The
Chevron Refinery is located in the southwest quadrant.
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El Segundo General Plan Land Use Element
83
City of El Segundo
Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan
January 2015
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EL SEGUNDO AREAS FOR FUTURE DEVELOPMENT
The northeast and southeast quadrants are primarily industrial and commercial areas.
Of the city's 3,494 total acres, approximately 16.0 percent is residential; 9.4 percent is
commercial/office; 13.2 percent is mixed use (includes specific plan areas); 39.5 percent is
industrial; 5.0 percent is open space and parks; and 3.8 percent is public and government
facilities; the remaining 12.9 percent are right-of-ways. As shown in the map above, there is
very little land available for future development.Table 3-17 shows the existing land use in the
City.
Table 3-17:El Segundo Existing Land Use
NPRONMEM ININSEMEN=L
Single-Family Residential Single family homes i 385.80 11.0
Two-Family Residential Two residences per lot 45.06 1.3
Multi-Family Residential u, Multiple dwelling units 121.45 3.5
Neighborhood Commercial Neighborhood-serving retail, office,and
residential 8.20 0.2
Downtown Commercial Community-serving retail,office,and
residential 3.90 0.1
General Commercial All retail,including hotel and medical
facilities 33.47 1.0
Commercial Center Commercial 80.06 2.3
Corporate Office Office and food-serving 202.99 5.8
Smoky Hollow Light industrial and manufacturing,
R&D,warehousing, office, residential 93.10 2.7
Urban Mixed-Use North Office, R&D, retail,and hotel 220.01 6.3
Urban Mixed-Use South Office, R&D, retail,and hotel 68.18 2.0
Parking Parking 9.45 0.3
Light Industrial
Light manufacturing,warehousing,
R&D,office 374.92 10.7
Heavy Industrial Heavy manufacturing(factories, refinery,etc.) 1,004.23 28.7
Public Facility Publicly owned facilities (schools, library,
84
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utilities,etc.) 85.20 2.4
Federal Government U.S.Government facility 48.23 1.4
Open Space Open Space(utility easement,flood control
VV sumps,etc.) 120.81 3.5
QI Parks Parks for recreational use 53.26 1.5 .
pN 124th Street Specific Plan Warehousing and mini-storage 1.36 0.04
V 199 N Continental Blvd Specific Plan Hotel,offices, public facilities,
recreational facilities, R&D, restaurants 1.75 0.1
222 Kansas St Specific Plan Light industrial, manufacturing,offices, public
facilities, R&D,warehouses, public facilities 4.83 0.1
540 E Imperial Ave Specific Plan Senior housing/multi-family residential or
single family/multi-family residential 5.70 0.2
Aviation Specific Plan Warehousing and storage 6.05 0.2
Downtown Specific Plan Retail,service, and office 25.28 0.7
Corporate Campus Specific Plan Office,commercial, retail,and
recreational 40.64 1.2
Right-of-Ways 450.47 12.9
Total 3,494 100.0
System Evaluation and Capacity Assurance Plan and Rehabilitation and Replacement Program,2014
3.3.6 CULTURAL AND NATURAL RESOURCES INVENTORY
In El Segundo,the Urho Saari Swim Stadium, is a local historic and cultural landmark built in
1940. Natural resources include threatened and endangered species, and sensitive habitats.
The local El Segundo Blue Butterfly is on the federal list of endangered species. The El Segundo
Blue Butterfly lives on the dune system which lies north of the city, west of Los Angeles Airport,
and on the property occupied by Chevron. In order to ensure the future of the El Segundo Blue,
the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, as well as officials from the LAX and Chevron Oil have
undertaken important dune management programs which focus on removing exotic plants and
reestablishing the sites' native vegetation. In addition, several sites are currently being
examined for their potential as reintroduction sites for the species.
11ttJ ess'i .berrYePv.erJu/endiosleaMa�7dlot,Ittn"
3.3.7 RISK ASSESSMENT AND POTENTIAL LOSS
A risk assessment determines the vulnerability of assets within the city by evaluating the
hazards in the city with an inventory of the existing property and population exposed to a
hazard. A quantitative vulnerability assessment is limited to the exposure of people, buildings,
and infrastructures to the identified hazards.The risk assessment includes only those hazards
that have the ability to cause damage to buildings and infrastructures, therefore, hazardous
materials, drought, public health and climate change are not included in this assessment.
Flooding and tsunami are also not included due to the lack of City facilities in the designated
hazard areas—along the coastline of the city. More detailed assessments of risk that would
include deaths and injuries, and economic losses, are beyond the scope of this plan.Table 3-18
provides an analysis of El Segundo's critical facilities, impacting hazards, and total exposure.
Replacement and content values were derived from the City's insurance coverage values.
Impacting hazards were estimated according to the structure or utility type, geographic
location-,--and potential of hazard occurrence from preftusTecards.
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4
Table 3-18: Impacting Hazards and Total Exposure
IN :11
. I i PSI
„i V Illlllmli
m
EI Se g ndo City H all X X......................X.
X X $7,620,615 $905,091 $8,525,706
........... ..............-mm... .....,................ -.x..�. ..�.
Fire Station#1 X X X X X X $4,783,931 $268,748 $5,052,679
Fire Station#2/EOC X...............X...... .. ...... .. ._..
.wwwwww..........
X X X X $7,652,220 $347,010 $7,999,230
-. ..............................................X X X X X X $8,234.,3.1 f... $5.,1.95,2.72.......................$.13.'429'5.8
Police Department/
Comm.Addition/EOC 8
EDP Computer Equip. X X X X X X N/A $661,975 $661,995
.� ',-
Maintenance ,.....................................
Facility/ X X X X X $6,294,639 $1,153,091 $7,447,730
Shop/Vehicle Storage
..-............_ W.....................L....................................... .._� ._.�
Water Plant/Tower X X X X X $2,644,306 $382,279 $3,026,585
Library X..,�.. ...................................... ..-... �rr�.........._
„ ^IT X X X X X $8,763,802 m$3,159,396ITIT ITITIT mIT$11,923,198
Parkette-Urho Saari Swim X X X $4,301,872 $115,162 $4,417,034
Stadium _
Teen CenterWWW-.._ X X X X X $1,165,.3.1.5........................................._........��....._...,....._...._._._ ...�.......�.
_ $79,898 $1,245,214
y _.. . _._ X X X $2,472,207 $ 15 $1,578,796
Gordon Clubhouse X X X X X $1 476 581
Josl n Center X X
G.o.lf.C..... $169,481 $2,641,688
Course Clubhouse X....., x...................... ...L............._. x..............................................
X X $1,545,746 $242,115 $1,787,861
Reservoir 1 X X X X $3,543,129 3 M GL $3,543,129
Reservoir 2 X X X X $5,714,749 6.3 M GL $5,714,749
Pump House A X X X X X $531,054 $385,490 $916,544
,.,.,..... ........................... .................. ...._..... ._ ...,_
Pump Station...1,. X X $168,733 ....$ .._
w.. .
560,340 $729,073
. . p..Station...2 X X $105,108 $560,340
$665,448
Pump tatio n4 X X X $76,311 $560,340
$636,651
Pump Station 5 - XITITITITm X $121,501 I $560,340 $681,841
.w ...........................................................................................
Pump Station 6 X X $84,508 I $560,340 $644,848
Pump Station 7 X X X..._.. $92,925 I $560,340 $653,265wm
Pump Station 8 X X X $58,590 $560,340 $618,930
..............�_...
P.U.mp....Station.. .............. ..9 X X $71,982 $560,340 $632,332
Pump Station 13 X X X $31,677 $560,340 $592,017
Sewer Plant X ---.__........................._.
X $56,708 $559,287 $615,995
Storm Drain Plant 14 X $1,538,225 $789,507_ .,_.. r..........................................................................................................................................m...............732
Storm Drain Plant -. X $1,538,225 $7,89,507 $2,327,732 m
Storm Drain Plant 17 X .` __......._.............................................. $2,327,732
„..... $1538,225 $789,507
Storm Drain Plant 18 X $1,538,255 $789,507 $2,327,732
Pressure Reduction Station X - ....... ..................... ...'$156,135 $.2.10'.5.3.5.........................$365,.670..........................
Totals: $73,921,560 $22,138,133 $96,059,693
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3.3.8 ANALYSIS OF POTENTIAL LOSSES
FEMA requires that an estimation of loss be conducted for the identified hazards to include the
number of potential structures impacted by the hazards and the total potential costs. The
analysis of potential losses calculated in Table 3-19 used the data currently available to produce
the estimations of loss.These estimates may be used to understand relative risk from hazards
and potential losses.There are uncertainties in any loss estimation method, resulting from lack
of scientific study and the exact result of hazard effects on the built environment, and from the
use of approximations that are necessary for a comprehensive analysis.
In addition,this assessment does not include analysis of non-City owned facilities, even though
they are deemed critical. The City does not have replacement or content values or insured
values for critical infrastructure, private businesses, schools and churches. A mitigation action
was developed to acquire that information so a complete analysis of critical facilities could be
completed to show total potential loss in the city.
A quantitative assessment has been prepared for the critical facilities affected by each hazard
assessed, and multiplied by a value of percent damage.The percent damage was determined
by the geographic area at stake, previous history of damage from the type of hazard, and
potential for severity from the hazard profiles.
Table 3-19:Summary of Potential Loss
Earthquake
_.�...
........_..m......1 0....5.....
.............m.........
.$73,921,560 m I$"22,138,133 p 1 III$36,960,780 lL. I
I�I$11,0III 69,0....I 6..V6III .5a
Q&$48,029,846.50
Transportation $73,921,560 ($22,138, I $36,960,780 $11,069,066.50 $48,029
Pipeline-Oil Spills 10 1 ( 217 $7,49 ,7480 O $10,0 1 87.20
..........
Terrorism 17 075 $66,80 ,190 $13,726,510 $50,100,892.50 $10,294,882. Q 60 95,77 5
................ ..
I
W
1
Severe Weather-
15 0.3 $62,442,610 $13,052,061 $18,732,783 $3,915,618.30 $22,648,401.30
Wind/Tornados
Urban Fires 13 0.45................$...........mm....m�
52,653,678 $12,666,5711 $23,694,155.10 $5,699,956.95 $29,394,112.05
In addition, HAZUS analyses for two scenarios—a 6.7 earthquake on the Newport-Inglewood
Fault and a 6.9 earthquake on the Palos Verdes Fault -were prepared.These reports were
prepared using Hazus-MH 2.2, which is based on 2010 census data. Due to the length of the
reports, they were included as appendices. See Appendix E Summary Report for Newport-
Inglewood Fault and Appendix F Summary Report for Palos Verdes Fault for the Hazus-MH
earthquake event reports. Because the city is not within a flood zone, nor is the city vulnerable
to hurricanes, reports on those hazards were not prepared through Hazus.
Hazardous materials, public health, drought, and climate change hazards do not cause
structural damage to buildings and were not assessed in the Summary of Potential Loss.
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3.4 NFIP INSURED STRUCTURES
According to the NFIP, a repetitive loss structure is an insured building that has had two or
more losses of at least $1,000 each being paid under the NFIP within any ten year period since
1978. In El Segundo, there have not been any floods in the past 15 years so there have not
been any repetitive loss structures in the City. Due to the lack of repetitive loss properties in the
City, there are no areas that are deemed to be especially vulnerable to repetitive loss.The NFIP
has ranked the majority of El Segundo in Zone X. Zone X is an area with minimal-risk and flood
insurance is not mandatory.The only area with the potential for flooding in the City is a small
portion of the coastline located between Grand Avenue and 45th Street.This portion has been
determined by the Federal Emergency Management Agency to be in a Special Flood Hazard
Area, Zone A, which is subject to inundation with a 1%chance of annual flooding. There has
also not been any flooding in the special flood hazard area along the coastline, nor any
buildings with repetitive losses from flooding. A flood map is shown in Section 3.2.9 in the flood
hazard profile section of this plan.
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x
The federal regulations require local mitigation plans to identify goals for reducing long-term
vulnerabilities to the identified hazards in the planning area (Section 201.6(c)(3)(i)).
FEMA REGULATION CHECKLIST:CAPABILITY ASSESSMENT
44 CFR§201.6(c)(3):—The plan must include mitigation strategies based on the jurisdiction's"existing
authorities, policies,programs and resources,and its ability to expand on and improve these existing tools."
Elements
C1. Does the plan document the jurisdiction's existing authorities, policies, programs and resources,and its
ability to expand on and improve these existing policies and programs?44 CFR§201.6(c)(3).
C2. Does the Plan address the jurisdiction's participation in the NFIP and continued compliance with NFIP
requirements,as appropriate?44 CFR§201.6(c)(3)(ii).
C3. Does the Plan include goals to reduce or avoid long-term vulnerabilities to identified hazards?44 CFR§
201.6(c)(3)(i).
C4. Does the Plan identify and analyze a comprehensive range of specific mitigation actions and projects
for the jurisdiction being considered to reduce the effects of hazards,with emphasis on new and existing
buildings and infrastructure?See 44 CFR§201.6(c)(3)(ii).
C5. Does the Plan contain an action plan that describes how the actions identified will be prioritized
(including cost-benefit review),implemented,and administered by the jurisdiction?44 CFR§
201.6(c)(3)(iii).
C6. Does the plan describe a process by which local governments will integrate the requirements of the
mitigation plan into other planning mechanisms,such as comprehensive or capital improvement plans,when
appropriate?
Source:FEMA,Local Mitigation Planning Handbook Review Tool, March 2013.
A hazard mitigation plan's primary focus is the mitigation strategy. It represents the efforts
selected by the City to reduce or prevent losses resulting from the hazards identified in the risk
assessment.The strategy includes mitigation actions and projects to address the risk and
vulnerabilities discovered in the risk assessment.The mitigation strategy consists of the
following steps:
• Revise the 2009 local hazard mitigation goals.
• Identify new and updated mitigation actions and projects.
• Revise the mitigation strategy to implement the revised mitigation actions.
• Develop an action plan to prioritize, implement, and administer the mitigation actions.
• Develop a process to integrate the requirements of the 2015 HMP mitigation plan into
other appropriate plans.
A capability assessment was conducted of the City's authorities, policies, programs, and
resources. From the assessment, goals and mitigation actions were developed.The planning
team also developed a plan to prioritize, implement, and administer the mitigation actions to
reduce risk to existing buildings and new development.This section also includes information
regarding El Segundo's implementation of and continued participation in the National Flood
Insurance Program (NFIP).
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4.1 EXISTING AUTHORITIES, POLICIES, PROGRAMS, AND RESOURCES
The planning team conducted an assessment of the City's capabilities that contribute to the
reduction of long-term vulnerabilities to hazards.The capabilities include authorities and
policies, such as legal and regulatory resources, staff, and fiscal resources, e.g., technical
personnel such as planners/engineers with knowledge of land development and land
management practices, engineers trained in construction practices related to building and
infrastructure, planners and engineers with an understanding of natural or human-caused
hazards, floodplain managers, surveyors, personnel with GIS skills, and staff with expertise of
the hazards in the city. The planning team also considered ways to expand on and improve
these existing policies and programs with the goal of integrating hazard mitigation into the day-
to-day activities and programs of the City. Tables 4-1, 4-2, and 4-3 summarize the existing
authorities, policies, programs, and resources to implement mitigation actions and projects.
Table 4-1: Local Legal and Regulatory Capabilities
—777 7
Regulatory rdinan es,plans, City pescription`
Lead
�° Department
code )..
Irvnnm .
Addresses hazards associated with geology and
seismicity,flooding,fire, petroleum storage, and
El Segundo General Plan hazardous materials in order to reduce death, injuries,
Safety Element Public Works property damage, and economic and social dislocation
resulting from natural and man-made hazards such as
urban fire,flooding, mudslides, earthquakes,and
hazardous materials incidents.
_............................................ _ ...................
Addresses the problems of maximum air pollution levels,
reducing the health and economic impacts of air
pollution, compliance with the requirements of the Air
El Segundo General Plan Public Works Quality Management Plan for the South Coast Air Basin,
Air Quality Element determining the best means of addressing the AQMP
measures for local government, and increases
awareness of local community and governmental
responsibility for air quality.
In compliance with Chapter 1167 (SB 477, Greene) of the
1987 State Statutes,this element addresses polluted
El Segundo General Plan ground and surface water, soil, and air, improper
Hazardous Materials Fire disposal associated with elevated levels oftoxics in
humans, aquatic species, and livestock; illegal dumping
and Waste Department of hazardous waste along roadsides or in open fields
Management Element resulting in explosions,fires, contaminated ground
water, and air pollution; in order to protect public
health,the environment, and the economy.
Public Works Adoption of the Uniform Codes (to include the
Administrative Codes, Building Codes, Electrical Codes,
Uniform Codes Planning and
Building Safety Energy Codes, Fire Codes, Mechanical Codes, and
Plumbing Codes) and incorporated into the El Segundo
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.......................... .... ..,. -.
..........
Municipal Code as the means of operations for the City,
and to provide sufficient and effective protection of life,
health, and property.
............................. .... ........� —�........ .Per Health and 5... .w......_
afety Code 17958.7,adoption of the CA
Public Works Building Code to regulate the general design
Building Code Planning and requirements applicable to construction of all structures
Building Safety and portion regulated by the code for seismic
......m-_-
strengthening and structural integrity.
Works Provides the means to ensure fire protection systems
Public
Planning and are installed and maintained;fire protection and life
Fire Code Building Safety safety equipment is installed in new mid-rise
buildings/structures; prohibits the use of fireworks;and
Fire reduces the available fire flow reduction to 50%to
Department increase site available fire flow.
Establishes water conservation measures to encourage
Water Ordinance (NO. efficient water use and discourage waste to avoid a
1433) Public Works water emergency related to contamination, drought,or
damage to the City's potable water infrastructure.
Adoption of the model floodplain management
" Floodplain Ordinance ordinance for special flood hazards within the city in
No.1427 City Council order to maintain eligibility with the National Flood
Insurance Program.
A plan to meet the requirements established in the State
Water Resources Control Board's Order
Sewer System Public Works No. 2006-0003-DWQ to prevent sanitary sewer
Management Plan
overflows(SSOs) by establishing a statewide monitoring
and reporting program.
System Evaluation and A report that provides an assessment of the wastewater
Capacity Assurance Plan public Works system and provides recommendations for upgrades to
/Rehabilitation and meet future capacities.
Replacement Program
Explains how the City will respond to a major emergency or
disaster and coordinate between the Emergency Operations
City Manager's Center(EOC)and field level Incident Commanders; includes
Emergency Operations Office the hazards with a description of each;the concept of
Plan Emergency operations during a major emergency or disaster;the role of
Management the EOC,and the coordination that occurs between the EOC
and City departments and other local,state,and federal
overnments in times of disaster.
El Segundo Hazardous Fire Addresses the storage, use and emergency planning for
Materials Plan/ Department as hazardous materials and extremely hazardous
Hazardous Material Administering substances in the community and at businesses.
Business Plan..... ......_ ....�Age .ncy. .-r.............mm
Table 4-2:Administrative and Technical Capabilities
Planners/Engineers/( ' dlgt) 1ithi gNp N1 �I^ edw Tans for new,
g .._....._.. .-, p r
Building and Issue building permits, re
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January 2015 91
'M ,p
Building Inspector 5.a.....f..e...ty Division constr.
u�c�tion and improvements; conduct plan ch ecks;
work with architects,engineers, designers and building
owners during pre-construction; inspect all phases of
residential and commercial/industrial construction for
compliance; enforce municipal code
_�.. - ................... I .... violations.
Plan Plfuture City land use; develop and implement the
General Plan, land use regulations
.................
through zoning and
subdivision codes, and environmental review of
development;administer the Community Development
Planners/Engineers/ Planning Block Grant Program (CDBG) and the Air Pollution
Analysts/General Staff Division Reduction Fund; conduct Code Compliance program
with the Building Safety Division; conduct conditional
use permits,variances, land subdivision, CEQA review,
public hearings, noise permits, alcohol permits, and
zoning information.
Planners/Engineer s/ Public Works
... Supply water to the City's customers and perform the
operation, maintenance and repair of the City's water
Analysts/General Staff Water Division
distribution system.
Oversee public and private improvements in the public
right-of-way;develop and implement the Capital
Improvement Program by providing staff support to the
Capital Improvement Program Advisory Committee
(CIPAC) relative to city streets, sanitary sewer, storm
drains,water system facilities,traffic signals, park and
Public Works recreational facilities; maintain and upgrade public
Planners/Engineers/ Engineering infrastructure; provide services related to traffic issues;
Analysts/General Staff Division monitors the street lighting system maintained by
Southern California Edison Company; keeps and
maintains record drawings of City-owned infrastructure;
conducts traffic committee meetings with the Police
Department; and provides engineering support to other
City Departments and other Divisions within the Public
Works Department.
Provide for the coordinated response and recovery from
major emergencies and disasters;develop, administer
and coordinate the emergency planning preparedness
program in conformity with local,State and Federal
requirements; develop emergency management and
hazard mitigation plans; provide training to City staff in
Emergency City Manager's emergency planning and preparedness; develop,
Management Office maintain, and coordinate the City Emergency Operations
Coordinator Center; provide businesses and residents with
emergency planning and preparedness material to help
reduce the loss of life and property resulting from a
disaster; coordinate with County,State, and Federal
counterparts; prepare emergency management grants;
coordinate the efforts of volunteer organizations.
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..... ...... ...........,m __.. W............ ..............m
0
Provide free disaster preparedness and Community
Emergency Emergency Response Team training to citizens and
Public Preparedness Management businesses in El Segundo; provide an organizing
Education and Fire framework and support to neighborhood CERTteams,
Department which may volunteer in the event of a serious earthquake
or other major disaster.
Conducts inspections involving hazardous materials,
hazardous wastes,extremely hazardous substances,
Environmental Safety Fire underground tanks, emergency release planning;
Officer Department responds to hazardous materials incidents; reviews
business hazardous materials/risk management plans;
provides hazardous materials and waste operations
training; serves on Cal-OSHA Refinery Task Force.
Perform fire inspections for construction, commercial,
multi-family occupancies, and high rise buildings;
conduct fire prevention, emergency evacuation,and
extinguisher training to businesses and the public;
Fire Marshall Fire conduct enforcement and identify and issue notices for
Department fire code violations; update Fire Prevention Regulations
to conform with currently adopted Coeds, Regulations,
and Standards;coordinate with industries for fire
prevention.
As a member of the National Flood Insurance Program
Public Works (NFIP)the Floodplain Manager is responsible for working
Floodplain Manager Director with stakeholders to ensure the Floodplain Management
Ordinance is followed within the City of El Segundo
(Ordinance 1427).
v.
Public Information Police a nd Fire ..........
ar Provide public and media information regarding El
Departments p tments Segundo'sdisaster response, mitigation, and recovery
efforts.
Provide the technical resources and support necessary
to operate all of the Application Systems detailed in the
Technology Master Plan relating to the City's
information resources; respond to the service needs to
all departments based on citywide priorities as
Information technology established by the City Manager and the Executive
and Geographic Information Technology Review Committee; responsible for the
Information System/ Systems training and effective use of all City technology
HAZUS-MH-skilled Division computer hardware, software, and peripherals; provide
personnel internal coordination of technology efforts Citywide
including substantial interface with all technology
vendors to assure cost-effective, secure and reliable
technologies compatible with the long-range needs of
the City; provide high-quality spatial data to El Segundo
departments. _
Risk Management _... . id services t assist City departments managing Human
Resources their of injury employees, Y property, and he...
.._
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___ ' - ... .........
------'--� Department public ut large; purchase insurance for City departmants
0
�
and act inan advisory capacity vvit �
hspecttoworkers.
compensation, public liability, City property, and City
�
�
contracts. __
Table 4-3:Financial Resources
General Fund Department Program operations and specific projects.
.--I---`
Specific
Provides funding for Water Division operations,
Water Utility Fund Public Works maintenance and repair of the City's water distribution
� r�tem, meter reading, and vvaterqua|�ytesting' ____
_______ �-__-- �
Provides funding for the operation and maintenance of
5avverFund Public Works
the sewer system, es well as replacement of facilities
�___
Provides a-unxtcenterformajormaintenanceand
Facilities Maintenance Public Works upgrading City owned buildings such os roofs,water
Funds
sealing,flooring, etc.
-------- --- -------
Monies are transferred from various funds to this fund
Capital Improvement Department for City capital improvement projects approved by the
Funds � �pecific
� _ City Council,.
------ � A revenue fund used for the replacement ofoffice
Equipment Department furniture and equipment,vehicles, and other capital
Replacement Funds Specific equipment. _____'
-- �
Special Revenue Funds used exclusively for projects that
State Gas Tax Funds Public Works build, repair and/or maintain highways, streets,
�
__ _ bikevvayao��idevva|ks. ....
� --�� The CD8G program provides funding for eligible senior i
activities such as in-home care, art classes, counseling
CommunitY P|annin0 and home delivered '
eved mea|s HUD also provides Disaster
Development Block Division Recovery Assistance in the form of flexible grants tohelp
Grantx(CDBG) cities, counties,and States recover from Presidentially declared
�
disasters,especially in low-income areas,mbjecttu availability of �
supplemental appropriations.
Hazard Mitigation Grant FEMA Provides support for post-disaster mitigation plans and
Program (HMP�_ UPr�ec�.
Pre-Disaster Mitigation FEMA Provides support for pre-disaster mitigation plans and �
I grant program (PDM) projects. __
Flood Mitigation -
' Mitigates stmctureoond infrastructure that have been
Assistance grant FEW1A � repetitively flooded.
.-Program (FMA)
Assistance to FEK4A/ Provides emergency vehicles,equipment, protective gear, �
Firefighters Grant U.S. Fire training, and other resources for protection from fire and
Program (AFG) Administration related hazards.
--.........—
City ofEiSegundo --- ----
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January 2015 94
As a result of conducting the capabilities assessment, it was evident that the process of 0
changing and improving current plans and regulation is ongoing.The City continually, and often
on an annual basis, modifies and revises plans, documents, procedures and regulations
involving actions related to hazard mitigation.This may come as a change in or adoption of a
state or federal regulation, or may be a revision to a City ordinance or development of a new
program. The City is regularly involved in expanding and improving its existing policies and
programs.
4.2 NATIONAL FLOOD INSURANCE PROGRAM PARTICIPATION AND COMPLIANCE
In March 2009, the City of El Segundo adopted the Model Floodplain Management Ordinance
for Special Flood Hazards within the city in order to maintain eligibility within the National
Flood Insurance Program (Environmental Assessment No. 812).
Since 1968 the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) has provided federally funded flood
insurance to homeowners, renters, and businesses in communities that adopt and enforce
floodplain management ordinances to reduce future flood damage. The adoption of Ordinance
1427 allows residents of the city to remain eligible to purchase flood insurance through the
National Flood Insurance Program. The Ordinance meets the minimum standards set forth in
Title 44, Section 60.3 of the Code of Federal Regulations. The City of El Segundo does not
participate in the Community Rating System.
The City of El Segundo coastal zone consists of an area of approximately 50 acres in area.The
linear extent of beach frontage is slightly less than one mile and the coastal zone in this area is
approximately 200 yards in width.The Special Flood Hazard Area (SFHA) appears to be roughly
contiguous with the portion of the city's coastal zone designated as "shoreline" area within the
City's Local Coastal Program (LCP).
The LCP allows for the construction of beach facilities, such as lifeguard towers and rest room
facilities and allows for above or below grade facilities required as part of the operation of
coastal dependent energy facilities.The Floodplain Management Ordinance's effect is limited to
requiring that any new construction or substantial improvement to existing structures will have
to comply with the standards of construction identified in the Ordinance.The City's continued
involvement in NFIP supports this plan. Currently, the City of El Segundo implements a
floodplain management program designed to protect the people and property of the city and
implements activities such as public information and outreach activities, mapping and
regulatory activities, and flood damage reduction activities as outlined in the Standard Urban
Storm Water Mitigation Plan and Los Angeles County and Cities Urban Storm Water Mitigation
Plan. In 2010 the City updated their Coastal Development procedures to ensure that all public
and private development in the Coastal Zone of El Segundo is consistent with the City's certified
Local Coastal Plan.The area affected by these regulations is located west of Vista Del Mar. (Ord.
1212, 11-16-1993)
Cityof El Segundo____.........� ...� __......,_ ...m_.. _W............................_�_.�...,................. ....m............... _...�.,...
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0
There are only two businesses located in the SFHA: Chevron and NRG, Inc.There are also
restrooms and a lifeguard tower on the beach. It is unknown if Chevron and/or NRG, Inc. have
purchased a NFIP policy, or if they are self-insured for damage to their facilities.
4.3 2015 HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN GOALS
Mitigation goals are guidelines that represent what the community wants to accomplish
through the mitigation plan. Goals are broad statements that represent a long-term,community-
wide vision.The planning team reviewed the goals from the 2009 HMP and decided to change
the goals to reflect information from the risk analysis and align them with the hazards added to
the 2015 plan and input from stakeholders and the public.Table 4-4 lists the 2009 goals and the
revised goals for the 2015 HMP.
Table 4-4 Revised Hazard Mitigation Goals
lu IIII iil m ^II^lil�l Il lll��l Vl
Goal 1: Protect life,Wpro�lperty, and reduce potential injuriesm VIII '
Protect Life and Property from natural,technological, and human-caused hazards.
.........................
Enhance Public Awareness Goal 2: Improve public understanding,support and need
for hazard mitigation measures.
.�. ....
existing,ng,mm _ .�..._
Preserve Natural Systems Promote disaster resistance for El Segundo's natural,
and future built environment.
Encoura a Partnerships and Goal 4: Strengthen partnerships and collaboration to
Implementation implement hazard mitigation activities.
Strengthen EmL.....e�rgency Services Goal 5: Enhance the City's ability to effectively and
immediately respond to disasters.
4.4 MITIGATION ACTIONS
Mitigation actions are specific activities or projects that serve to meet the goals that the
community has identified. Mitigation actions and projects are more specific than goals or
objectives, and often include a mechanism, such as an assigned time period, to measure the
success and ensure the actions are accomplished.The planning team conducted a review of the
mitigation actions and strategies from the 2009 HMP. With information from the 2015 risk
assessment, capability assessment, and status of the actions implemented since the 2009 HMP,
the planning team developed 31 new mitigation actions and projects to reduce the effects of
hazards, with emphasis on new and existing buildings and infrastructure.
Table 4-5 lists the potential mitigation actions developed by the planning team. For each
mitigation action, the following information is listed: type of mitigation project; hazard(s)
addressed;type of development affected by action; and the source of the mitigation project
idea.
City of El Segundo
Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan
January 2015 96
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4.5 2015 H M P MITIGATION ACTION PLAN
The mitigation action plan developed by the planning team includes the action items that El
Segundo intends to implement during the next five years, assuming funding availability.The
action plan, shown in Table 4-6, includes the implementing department, an estimate of the
timeline for implementation, and potential funding sources.
The new mitigation actions include a broad range of approaches to hazard mitigation such as
retrofitting, code enforcement, development of new regulations, public education,
development of redundant facilities, and others. Measures are included to mitigate risks to
existing buildings and infrastructure, as well as new buildings and infrastructure. The mitigation
action plan assigns primary responsibility for each of the action items to an implementing
department.The implementing department is the controlling department that will assign
funding and oversee activity implementation, monitoring, and evaluation.
The planning team does not presume the expertise to prescribe which projects will be
implemented.The prioritization of projects in the HMP is a means to provide a basis for
implementing the mitigation strategies, but all new mitigation actions and projects will be
formally prioritized and selected by the implementing department. This will accommodate the
project funding, schedule of the department, staff requirements, and ability to integrate the
new project into existing and ongoing projects. Departments will take into account the funding
source, the cost effectiveness of the project, alternative projects, the compatibility of the new
project with ongoing projects, the extent to which the project addresses the risks assessed in
Section 3, and the potential of economic and social damage.
Prioritization
To assist with implementing the Mitigation Action Plan,the planning team used the following
ranking process to provide a method to prioritize the projects for the Action Plan. Designations
of High, Medium, and Low priorities have been assigned to each action item using the following
criteria.
Does the action: Solve the problem?
Address vulnerability assessment?
Reduce the exposure or vulnerability to the highest priority hazard?
Address multiple hazards?
Offer benefits that equal or exceed costs?
Implement a goal, policy,or project identified in the General Plan or
Capital Improvement Plan?
Can the action: Be implemented with existing funds?
Be implemented by existing state or federal grant programs?
Be completed within the five-year life cycle of the LHMP?
Be implemented with currently available technologies?
Will the action: Be accepted by the community?
_ ___
City of El Segundo
Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan
January 2015
105
0
Be supported by community leaders?
Adversely affect segments of the population or neighborhoods?
Require a change in local ordinances or zoning laws?
Result in positive or neutral impact on the environment?
Comply with all local,state,and federal environmental laws and
regulations?
Is there: Sufficient staffing to undertake the project?
Existing authority to undertake the project?
Each positive response is equal to one point.Answers to the criteria above determined the priority
according to the following scale:
1-6=Low priority 7-12=Medium priority 13-18=High priority
Benefit-Cost Analysis
Conducting benefit/cost analysis for a mitigation activity can assist the City in determining
whether a project is worth undertaking now, in order to avoid disaster related damages later.
Cost-effectiveness analysis evaluates how to best spend a given amount of money to achieve a
specific goal. Determining the economic feasibility of mitigating hazards can provide decision
makers with an understanding of the potential benefits and costs of an activity, as well as a
basis for comparing alternative projects.
Funding
The funds required to implement the mitigation action plan will come from a variety of sources
including: Federal Hazard Mitigation Grants, City budget, bonds,fees and assessments, and
others. Some projects are, or will be, included in capital improvement budgets, while some,
especially ongoing projects, are included in department operating budgets.
Prior to beginning a project or when federal funding is involved,the implementing department
will use a FEMA approved benefit/cost analysis approach to identify the actual costs and
benefits of implementing these mitigation actions. For non-structural projects, implementing
departments will use other appropriate methods to weigh the costs and benefits of each action
item, and then develop a prioritized list.
Implementation
Mitigation projects were assigned one of three categories as a tentative schedule for
implementation; short-range, mid-range, and long-range. Projects that are currently being
implemented by various departments are assigned to the ongoing category. Implementation of
short-range projects will typically begin within the next three years. Mid-range projects will
require some planning and likely require funding beyond what is currently allocated to the
various departments in the City's general fund. Projects in the mid-range category will generally
begin implementation in the next three to five years. Long range projects will require great
planning and funding and will generally begin implementation within five years and beyond.
.City of El 5............ ............ . ................... ...................... ..................._—___..,_...............__.... ...................
egundo
Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan
January 2015 106
4.6 INCORPORATION OF HMP INTO OTHER PLANNING MECHANISMS
The hazard mitigation plan process provided the City with an opportunity to review and expand
on policies contained in the general plan.The City views the general plan and the hazard
mitigation plan as complementary documents that work together to reduce risk exposure to
the citizens of El Segundo. Many of the ongoing recommendations identified in the 2015 HMP
are programs recommended in the general plan.
Per California Assembly Bill 2140, the City intends on adopting the hazard mitigation plan in
accordance with the federal Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000 as part of the safety element of the
general plan, adopted pursuant to Section 65302 (g) of the California Government Code. As
appropriate, the City will incorporate hazard mitigation hazards and risks, plan
recommendations, and mitigation activities into additional planning mechanisms and processes
such as the following documents:
• City emergency operations plans and procedures
• Capital improvement planning and programs
• El Segundo municipal code
• Community design guidelines
• Drought and water-efficiency guidelines
• Stormwater management program
• Local Coastal Plan
• Environmental Work Plan
General Plan Conservation Element
Tsunami Response Plan
Incorporation of action items and processes from the 2015 HMP into various planning documents
will be completed as other plans are updated, and when new plans are developed.These
efforts may coincide with the Plan Maintenance Method and Schedule activities. Additional
action items may be implemented through the creation of new public educational programs,
continued interagency coordination, and public input and participation.
City of El Segundo
Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan
January 2015 107
FEMA REGULATION CHECKLIST:PLAN
REVISION Plan Revise to Reflect Development Changes
44 CFR§201.6(d)(3):A local jurisdiction must review and revise its plan to reflect changes in development.
Element
D1.Was the plan revised to reflect changes in development?44 CFR§201.6(d)(3).
D2.Was the plan revised to reflect progress in local mitigation efforts?44 CFR§201.6(d)(3).
D1.Was the plan revised to reflect changes in priorities?44 CFR§201.6(d)(3).
Source:FEMA,Local Mitigation Planning Handbook Review Tool, March 2013.
5.1 CHANGES IN DEVELOPMENT
The HMP reflects current conditions and development patterns as a result of the evaluation and
revision of hazard and risk information for the 2015 HMP. While growth in the city has not
changed much, due to the small availability of vacant land, remodeling and rebuilding of new
business and recreation complexes has grown and will continue to expand.The City has
implemented many changes in development that has decreased the vulnerability of the city
since the 2009 HMP was approved. Some of the projects include:
• A drainage improvement project mitigating ponding of waterfrom localized flooding
• A recycled water program resulting in 50%of El Segundo's water demand being met by
recycled water
• Environmental programs such as purchasing low emission vehicles, and preparation of
an Air Quality Element to the General Plan
• Implementing a seismic retrofit of Fire Station#1
• New communications and data technology for the City and in the EOC's
• Extension of the storm drain system
• Adoption of new Building Codes, state and international
• Water main replacement program
• Construction of a new Fire Station#2
• Roof replacement of City buildings
• Evaluations and repairs of City water reservoirs
• Purchase of radio systems to receive severe weather and tsunami notifications
• Sewer system telemetry and repair or replacement program
The City has completed numerous projects that have reduced the vulnerability to many
hazards, including severe weather, earthquakes,flooding, drought and climate change.
.............
............_..........................
City of El Segundo
Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan
January 2015 108
'M' R
Departments will continually consider new mitigation strategy projects throughout the year and
into the future. Projects will continue to mitigate hazards and reduce vulnerability across the
city.
5.2 PROGRESS IN LOCAL MITIGATION EFFORTS
During the 2015 HMP update process, the planning team reviewed the 2009 HMP mitigation
actions and provided an update on those actions that were selected for implementation. Table
5-1 contains the results of this review, which shows the progress made by El Segundo over the
last five years in implementing the strategies selected in 2009.The table indicates a description
of the project and the implementing department.
Table 5-1:Completed Hazard Mitigation Action Items and Projects
. illllllllh .. ...
_Accomplishments During FY 2009—2010
The National Incident Management System (NIMS) was adopted by Em e...... .............
rgency Management
City Council and was implemented throughout all City departments. Division (EMD)mmm „
The City purchased mass notification systems Everbridge and Nixle Fire Department
to notify community members in the event of an emergency.
replacements bet....... Public � �.. .
Water main re
p between Mariposa and Walnut, on Works
Maryland. 1 11
Implemented City Hall roof replacement. Public Works
Installation and updating of the sewer system telemetry project. Public Works
Construction of a new Fire Station#2. Public Works
_._._.
Design for the replacement of pump station#1 and abandonment of public Works
pump station#7
............... ...._..............
City's 3.1 million gallon reservoir. Public Works
Seismic evaluation of the „ . _............................................
Sewer replacement on Imperial Avenue. Public Works
Installed or inspected the installation of 50 new ... .-._._--
p w service connections public Works
and 5,000 feet of water main.
Conducted valve Exercising Program for 389 of the City's 1,400 Planning and Building Safety
valves and minor repairs were performed. Department
Installed Smartcovers on 7 Sewer Lift Stations to provide Planning and Building Safety
redundancy in alarm notification of problem conditions. Department
Provided residents, businesses and local schools with information
regarding recycling and household hazardous waste disposal via Public works
local newspapers,the Inside El Segundo, brochures and flyers,the
City Internet, and local city events
Ado ted the new 201 g g
p 0 California Building Standards Code including
the state codes for Building, Electrical, Mechanical, Plumbing, Fire, Planning and Building Safety
and Green Building Codes with El Segundo amendments and trained Department
all staff.
Completed update of El Se undo's local California Environmental t g Planning and Building Safety
Quality Act Guidelines. Department
WebEOC was purchased and installed in the EOC for use during Information Services
enc g ducted for all
__.._...._.....wLL�.�� an training was conducted disasters and major emergencies,
109
City of El Segundo
Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan
January 2015
0
EOC staff
A r�dio system and monitor were purchased 'to receive'-ea"r'ly
,_yvarning of tsunamis from state and federal agencies, Fire Department
Accomplishments During,FY 2010-2012
MSDS sheets were posted in all City facilities to enhance safety and
prepare emergency responders in the event ofan incident atthese Fire Department
facilities.
[-�------'- - -- ------------...
------------- -- ------
Purchased very low emission vehicle in compliance with AB2766 �
requirements(Air Pollution Reduction Fund)to replace existing City Planning and Building Safety
�
vehicles used for building inspections. Department
|
Secured a1'i-party agreement between the City,West Basin and Planning and Building Safety
�-�NR�G�, Inc.to provide recycled water to the E(Segundo_Power Plant, _De pa rt ment
Coordinated with the West Basin Municipal Water District to supply �
Planning and Building Safety
� reclaimed water toE/ Segundo customers (approximately SO96ofEl �
Se u d ' water dennandnnetvvith reclaimed vvater�uppWem). � Department�
Designed the extension'- of Storm-Drain system on --- osaAvenue ---- - ----
' Public Works �
to ure Maryland_Street stormwmterrunoff �
Completed the major capital improvement project to install CCTV uf �
� Public Works
� the entire City sewer system,
/
Secured Measure "R"grant funds for the K8a-|eAxenu -- rainu8e -- --- �
' - - Public Works
Improvement Project
Reconstruction and up-sizing of sanitary sewer system -nK�ap|e
| ~ Public Works
Avenue,
�
_
Replacement of the sanitary sewer system in the Smoky Hollow ----------�
Public Works
area.
�
Accomplishments During FY2b11-2012
AContinuity of Operations Plan was developed in 2011 which
|
includes alternate facility locations for staff to carry out essential Police Department
�
functions through operations and recovery.
Reconstruction R econ st nu cti on an dup-sizing cf sanitary sewer system -----
on Maple
Avenue Public Works
, |
___ .........
___'______--__
Design and extension of Storm Drain system on Mariposa Avenue to
� Public Works
capture Maryland 3t Street water�
Completed update nf the Coastal Zone development procedures. Planning and Building Safety �
Department
-�
Completed and adopted State mandated' water efficient landscape Planning and Building Safety
ordinance, __� __ __ Deportment
� Initiated the design for the replacement of sewer pump station#1
Public Works �
and abandonment of pump station#7 �
Accomplishments During FY 201�-�01�
� _- -
`Purchased and insta|)ed )P phone system in primary EOC. 1nformationServices --
� Created backup dotacenter and technology for the alternate EO ----------
--' Information Services
Fire Station �
�
Purchased very low emission vehicle in compliance with AB2766
requirements Reduction Fu exist\n�Ci Building Safety
City ofE|Segundo 110
Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan
January 2015
Pw
Now"
vehicles vehicl es usa d for building inspections.
r
Secured Measure "R"grant funds for the Maple Avenue Drainage Public Works
Improvement Project. ........... .........
An Emergency Operations Plan was written and adopted by the City
which addresses emergency and disaster response operations, Police Department
emergency operations center activations, and state and federal
governments during disasters. °°°°„" rww ww......
Implemented feasibility for construction of a new wat er ......................
Public Works
reservoir facility
Design and extension of Storm Drain system on Mariposa Avenue to public Works
capture Maryland Street storm water runoff.
Identified surface. ...... ............—._. ..._..._..._..�
water drainage obstructions for all parts of the Public Works
city.
Implement seismic project for replacement of the Apparatus Bay Public Works
door at Fire Station No. 1
. ........
identified undeveloped land sites that have hm am d historical challenges-.........P......l..a._
nning—Economic
development
Accomplishuments..... .....,...
Development
_ During FY 20,13--2014
Adopted new 2013 state building standard codes and trained staff. Planning and Building Safety
Updated the Coastal Zone development procedures and trained Planning and Building Safety
staff.
Co.m.. ...._.
pleted fiber to Fire Station#2 Information Services
Completed City Hall and Park Vista Roof Repairs _..
p irs Project. Public Works
Completed the inspection and repair of the 6 million gallon public Works
reservoir.
_Completed the 2014-2020 Housing Element of the General Plan. Planning
The Emergency..._.........._�. W,.... _.,.,
Management Coordinator developed and Emergency Management
conducted an online survey of citizens and the business Division
community regarding hazard risks to assist in identifying mitigation —
.,...
Initiated Seism Fire Station#1. .. Public Works
ic Retrofit Project for ...
Completed the Elevated Reservoir Tank Restoration project. Public Works
Completed oversight of NRG West Basin recycled water line. Public Works
......... ............... ._..................................
Completed 24-inch waterline improvements at Pressure Reducing Public Works
Station.
Performed exercising program of 275 valves and repaired or Public Works
replaced.
Initiated construction and upgrade of sewer pump station#1 and Public Works
abandonment of pump station#7.
The remainder of the mitigation actions from the 2009 HMP were either included in the 2015
HMP or removed from the list of mitigation actions. The 2009 HMP utilized a list of over 300
mitigation actions taken from numerous mitigation plans across the county as the basis of the
actions for the El Segundo HMP, Many of the actions were not truly mitigation activities but
disaster preparedness activities. All of the preparedness activities were removed from the
action list. The planning team decided to develop new mitigation actions that were aligned with
City of El Segundo 111
Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan
January 2015
0
the current projects and priorities of the City. Aside from the actions that have been completed,
the mitigation actions that were maintained from the 2009 HMP include:
• Integrate the goals and action items from the HMP into the Safety Element of the
General Plan and other regulatory documents as appropriate.
• Identify and pursue funding opportunities to develop and implement local mitigation
activities
• Develop inventories of at-risk buildings and infrastructure and prioritize mitigation
projects
5.3 CHANGES IN PRIORITIES
The City's priorities have changed in that hazard mitigation has become more important and
has been integrated in day-to-day decisions and activities. Many programs that mitigate
hazards have expanded, such as environmental, recycling, air quality, seismic building
standards, green building standards, disabled access, and stricter energy codes.There is strong
support for emergency management, disaster preparedness, continuity of operations and
hazard mitigation from City Council and the City Manager's office.This support is imparted to
department directors and throughout the City organization. El Segundo will continue to strive
to make hazard mitigation a priority within the City's philosophy and resulting operations.
City of El Segundo 112
Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan
January 2015
FEMA REGULATION CHECKLIST:PLAN ADOPTION
Adoption by the Local Governing Body
44 CFR§201.6(c)(5):The local hazard mitigation plan shall include documentation that the plan has been
formally adopted by the governing body of the jurisdiction requesting approval of the plan.44 CFR§201.6(c)(5)
Element
E1. Does the Plan include documentation that the plan has been formally adopted by the governing body of
the jurisdiction requesting approval?
Source:FEMA,Local Mitigation Planning Handbook Review Tool, March 2013.
... .............I..,.,......1.,,,,_,.....,......................
........................................__.............
Per 44 CFR 201.6(d)(1) the El Segundo hazard mitigation plan must be submitted to the State
Hazard Mitigation Officer (SHMO)for review.The State will then send the plan to the
appropriate FEMA Regional Office for formal review and approval.The State will coordinate
with El Segundo and between El Segundo and FEMA, once the plan is sent to FEMA for the final
review and approval. FEMA has the authority to conduct the final review and approve the HMP.
As the 2015 EL Segundo Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan is a revision of the 2009 HMP, the Local
Mitigation Plan Review Guide addresses plan updates within each required Element, and more
specifically in Element D, Plan Updates. Element D identifies the plan update requirements to
"reflect changes in development, progress in local mitigation efforts, and changes in priorities"
(44 CFR §201.6(d)(3)).
The 2015 EL Segundo Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan meets all requirements on the regulation
checklist and was adopted by City Council of the City of El Segundo on [date added]. A scanned
copy of the resolution is included on the following page. Accordingly,the City of El Segundo
meets the requirements of the Stafford Act, as amended, and 44 CFR § 201.6(c)(5).
_„�.......... ............................................................. __......,....m.._____-.._..m_...._....m._.__....,,,,,............................................................................................................................,
City of El Segundo
Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan 113
January 2015
01
6.1 LOCAL PLAN ADOPTION RESOLUTION -SAMPLE ONLY
RESOLUTION NO.4910
A RESOLUTION ADOPTING THE 2015 CITY OF EL SEGUNDO
HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN.
The City Council of the City of El Segundo does resolve as follows:
SECTION 1: The City Council finds and declares that:
1. The Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act of 1988
(Public Law 93-288), as amended, 42 U.&C, §5165, and the National Flood
Insurance Act of 1968,as amended,42 U S.C„§4001 el seq.,and Title 44 Code
of Federal Regulations(CFR)§201.6 require that local governments develop and
submit hazard mitigation plans to the Federal Emergency Management Agency
as a condition of receiving Hazard Mitigation Grant Program and other Mitigation
project grants;
2, The 2015 Ell Segundo Hazard Mitigation Plan (the"Plan")identifies and profiles,
each potential hazard that can affect the City, includes information on the
probability of future hazard events, and contains a risk assessment that
distinguishes the critical facilities located it) the City by an estimate of the,
potential dollar losses to vulnerable structures id(nitified in the Plan;
3. The Plan will define the sustained actions taken to reduce or eliminate the long-
term risk to human life and property from hazards, which set the stage for
successful long-term recovery for ilia City of,El Segundo-,
4. The Plan outill a long-term strategy that includes, mitigation actions and
projects, which may involve planning, policy changes, programs, projects, and
other a0vitles to reduce losses from futuroi disasters;
5. Per 44 CFR§201,43(c)(5), the Plan must be formally adopted by the City Council
to demonstrate the City of El Segundo's commitment to fulfilling the hazard
ail0galion goals and actions outhned In the Plan, and to legitimize the Plan and
authorize responsible agencies to execute their responsibilities;and
6. The El Segundo Department Directors, City Attorney, stakeholders and the
general public have reviewed the Hazard Mitigation Plan and all appropriate
edits, recommendations, and organizational changes have been resolved within
the Plan.
�ECTION_�� Based on the foregoing findings, the City Council hereby adopts the Plan
""City of El Segundo Hazard Mitigation Plan January 2016" hereto as"Exhibit A0. The
City Council further directs the City Manager or his designee to submit the adopted plan
to the State of Califomir)Offi(A of Emergency Services.
SECTION 3: Environmental Assessment Adoption of this resofalion and the 2015 City
of El Segundo Hazard Mitigation Plan are exempt from the California Environmental
Page I of 2
114
City of El Segundo
Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan
January 2015
Quality Act (CEQA) because general policy and procedure making of this nature does
not constitute a "project" that is subject to environmental review pursuant to 14
California Code of Regulations (CEQA Guidelines) Section 15378(b)(2). Moreover,
adoption of this resolution and the Plan are exempt from CEQA review pursuant to
CEQA Guidelines Section 15061(b)(3) in that the action proposed does not have the
potential for causing a significant effect on the environment.
SECTION 4: The City Clerk Is directed to certify adoption of this Resolution; record the
Resolution in the book of the City's original resolutions; and make a minute of the
adoption of the Resolution in the City Council's records and minutes of this meeting.
SECTION 5: This Resolution will take effect immediately upon adoption and will remain
in effect unless repealed or superseded.
PASSED AND ADOPTED this 7th day of April,2015.
Suza WFuentes,Mayor
. Y ICS..., .... ��`�....
Tracy er,City Clerk
APPROVED AS TO FORM:
MARK D.HE SLEY,
.
City Attorney
By: �David King, I�:z nt City Attorney
Page 2 of 2
City of EI Segundo
Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan 115
January 2015
uul
2009 HMP 2009 City of El Segundo Local Hazard Mitigation Plan
2015 HMP 2015 City of El Segundo Hazard Mitigation Plan
AB Assembly Bill
APG California Adaptation Planning Guide
ARCLA American Red Cross Los Angeles Chapter
BNICE Biological, Nuclear, Incendiary, Chemical,and Explosives
Cal OES California Governor's Office of Emergency Services
CBRNE Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear,and Explosive
CDAA California Disaster Assistance Act
CERT Community Emergency Response Team
CFR Code of Federal Regulations
CGS California Geological Survey
CPRI Calculated Priority Risk Index
CUPA Certified Unified Program Agency
DMA 2000 Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000
DPH Department of Public Health
DPW Department of Public Works
DWR California Department of Water Resources
EPA United States Environmental Protection Agency
EMD El Segundo Emergency Management Division
EOP Emergency Operations Plan
EQ Earthquake
ESFD El Segundo Fire Department
ESPD El Segundo Police Department
ESUSD El Segundo Unified School District
FEMA Federal Emergency Management Agency
FHSZ Fire Hazard Severity Zone
FIRM Flood Insurance Rate Map
FMA Flood Mitigation Assistance
FY Fiscal Year
GIS Geographic Information System
HHR Hawthorne Airport
city of El Segundo
Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan 116
January 2015
T" „y
HIV/AIDS Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
HMGP Hazard Mitigation Grant Program
HMP Hazard Mitigation Plan
LAAFB Los Angeles Air Force Base
LAX Los Angeles International Airport
LCP Local Coastal Plan
LGB Long Beach Airport
M Magnitude
Mw Moment Magnitude
MMI Modified Mercalli Intensity scale
MWD Metropolitan Water District
NFIP National Flood Insurance Program
PDM Pre-Disaster Mitigation
RFC Repetitive flood claims
RL Repetitive Loss
SARS Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
SFHA Special Flood Hazard Area
SHMO State Hazard Mitigation Officer
SRL Severe Repetitive Loss
Stafford Act Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act
STAPLEE Social,Technical, Administrative, Political, Legal,Economic, Environmental
(FEMA Criteria Worksheet)
UCERF Uniform California Earthquake Rupture Forecast
URM Unreinforced Masonry
USC United States Code
USGS United States Geological Survey
WBMWD West Basin Municipal Water District
WHO World Health Organization
WIVID Weapon of Mass Destruction
WGCEP Working Group on California Earthquake Probabilities
City of El Segundo
Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan 117
January 2015
0
n, „i�� n w mw n II " i i'
III e N m n .. iii i, d
Borrero, Jose and Synoloakis, Costas (2002). Natural Disasters and California: The Regional
Economic Cost of a Tsunami Wave Generated by the Palos Verdes Slide. University of Southern
California Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering.
California Emergency Management Agency. (July 2012). California Adaptation Planning Guide;
Understanding Regional Characteristics.
CA Department of Finance. (January 1, 2013 and 2014). E-1 Population Estimates for Cities,
Counties, and the State. Retrieved from
tt wvvwA f.ca. ov/research/demoRra hic re orts stimnates/e-1/view.
California Department of Water Resources. (2014). Drought information retrieved from
http://www.calema,ca.gov,/Pa,g /default.aspx
California Geological Survey. (2010). Map of California. Retrieved from
htiL,//www.QLjake,ca,gpvZgmaps/GMC/stategeologicmap„htmI
California Office of Emergency Services. (2014). Hazard mitigation information retrieved from
www.oes.ca.eov/
California Emergency Management Agency. (2013). California State Hazard Mitigation Plan.
Retrieved from
htt ://hazardmitigat'ion,calema.ca.gov/olami/state multi-hazard mitigation plan shm
CA Department of Conservation. (2014). 2010 Fault Activity Map retrieved from
http://www.quake.ca.g.ov/ei raps/FAM/'faultactivitvmap.htmi
California Institute of Technology, Southern California Earthquake Data Center. (2014).
Significant Earthquakes and Faults retrieved from Iitt : /scedc.caltech.eduj
California Office of Emergency Services Hazardous Materials Spill/Release Reporting website
ht�t _://www.caIema.ca.gov/hazairdousmaterials/plapes/pill-release-reportinp,aspx
Chevron El Segundo Refinery. (2014). Refinery and marine terminal information retrieved from
tLttpjLeIse gundo.chevron.com/home.asox
City of El Segundo Building and Safety. (2014). Planning documents retrieved from
h // ww.elsegundo.or de is ianni gsafety/buiIdingsafety/documents.asp
City of El Segundo
Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan 118
January 2015
City of El Segundo El Segundo Local Hazard Mitigation Plan, (2009).
City of El Segundo General Plan Safety Element (1992).
City of El Segundo General Plan Air Quality Element (1992).
City of El Segundo General Plan Conservation Element (1992).
City of El Segundo General Plan Land Use Element (1992).
City of El Segundo General Plan Hazardous Materials Element (1992).
City of El Segundo General Plan Open Space and Recreation Element (1992).
City of El Segundo Stormwater IV-H-Hydrology Plan (2004).
City of El Segundo Strategic Plan (2014).
Federal Aviation Administration. (2014). Airport Operations and Ranking Reports. Retrieved
from littp://www,faa, ov/news/media resources/atadsuide/
Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). (2002). 44 CFR § 201.1(b). Retrieved from
https://www,ferna.Gov pd'f/help/fr02-4321.pdf
FEMA. (2015). Hazus Software. Retrieved from Litt : /www.fema.pov/hazus-software#2
FEMA. Local Mitigation Planning Handbook Review Tool, (March 2013).
History of El Segundo. (2014). History retrieved from
htt° : Ise undo.orp/working,,/history/default.aSP
Influenza. World Health Organization Disease Outbreak News (DON). (2014). Pandemic and
epidemic information retrieved from ttp://www,who.int csr/don/en j
Los Angeles County Department of Public Health, Division of Environmental Health. (August
2014). Climate and Health Series— Reports 1& 2 Your Health and Climate Change in Los Angeles
County. Retrieved from bllpj/www.publichealth.lacountv.gov/cdcp/index.htm
/www.publichealth.lacountv.gov,/cdcp/index.htm
Los Angeles World Airports. (2014). General Description. Retrieved from www.lawa.orp,
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Storm Prediction Center. (2007). Enhanced
Fujita Scale. Retrieved from www.soc.noaa.gov/efscale/
City of El Segundo
Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan 119
January 2015
0
National Climatic Data Center Storm Events Database. (2014). Historic information retrieved
from littr)://www,ncdc.noaa, ov/stort-nev rits�
National Flood Insurance Program. Federal Emergency Management Agency. (2014). Flood
insurance information retrieved from h 1pllawww.Flood'srnart. ov/'floodsmart/
Natural Disaster and California: The Regional Economic Cost of a Tsunami Wave Generated by
the Palos Verdes Slide. Jose Borrero, Research Associate Department of Civil and Environmental
Engineering, University of Southern California. (August 2002).
National Transportation Safety Board. (2014). Aviation accident information retrieved from
ht t " www.ntsb�ggv aviation ueryL
National Weather Service. (2014). Weather related information retrieved from
www.nws.noaa. ov
Original Fujita Scale. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Storm Prediction
Center. www.sr)c.noaa.gov/faq/tornado/f-scale.html
PandemicFlu.gov. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2014). Pandemic
information retrieved from www.oandemicflu.Pov/
Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessment for the State of California. California Geological
Survey. Open-File Report 96-08. (1996).
l tttL://www,coiiservation.ca.gov/ci;s/r hm shaa/ofr96O8/Pa es/index. „i ax
Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Act. Public Law 93-288, as amended, 42
U.S.C. 5121-5207. (June 2007). http://www.ferria.gov/Ddf/abOLJt/stafford act.i)df
State and County Quick Facts. U.S. Census Bureau 2010.
htto //q�uickf'acts.cei°isus. ov/'rafd/states/06/0622412.htrnl
Storm Events Database. National Climatic Data Center.
http://www.ncdc.noaa.P,ov/'stormevents/
The Uniform California Earthquake Rupture Forecast, Version 3 (UCERF3). United States
Geological Survey. Open-File Report 2013.
Tsunami. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. (2014).Tsunami information
retrieved from htjL,//www,tsunaminoaa.go
yZ
City of El Segundo
Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan 120
January 2015
J
U.S. Census Bureau. (2014). Population, demographics, racial composition; labor force
estimates; median income, disabled estimates and city information retrieved from
http://vrvvw.censusov uickfacts/table/PST045214/00,022412
US Geological Survey (USGS). (2014). Magnitude/ intensity comparison retrieved from
http://earthquake.'L$SgS.gov/learn/topics/map, vs int.php
City of El Segundo
Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan 121
January 2015
U.S.Department of Ilomeland Seem ity
111 I Broadway,Suite 1200
Oakland,CA.94607-4052
FEMA
June 6,2017
Christopher Donovan
Fire Chief
El Segundo Fire Department
350 Main Street
El Segundo,CA 90245
Dear Chief Donovan:
We have completed our final review of the City of El Segundo Hazard Mitigation Plan,officially adopted
by the City of El Segundo on April 18,2017,and found the plan to be in conformance with Title 44 Code
of Federal Regulations(CFR)Part 201.6 Local Miligation Plans.
The approval of this plan ensures the City of El Segundo's continued eligibility for project grants under
FEMA's Hazard Mitigation Assistance programs, including the Hazard Mitigation Grant Program, Pre-
Disaster Mitigation Program,and Flood Mitigation Assistance Program. All requests for funding,
however, will be evaluated individually according to the specific eligibility,and other requirements of the
particular program under which applications are submitted.
Also,approved hazard mitigation plans may be eligible for points under the National Flood Insurance
Program's Community Rating System(CRS). Additional information regarding the CRS can be found at
twit s;/1'v�frv.li rata.' vl�r rtiotlal'-1 laac cl-instwiloce- �°o �`aarrl-cc�m�l�tttrit -t°atan'�-s stem or through our local
.l_ .... ._...._......_......w_...g.... .. ..w...._._............w................................................_............._.1..........g................................................. �..............�1._ y............._... g Y
floodplain manager.
FEMA's approval of the City of EI Segundo Hazard Mitigation Plan is for a period of five years,effective
starting the date of this letter. Prior to June 6, 2022,the City of El Segundo is required to review and
revise its plan to reflect changes in development,progress in local mitigation efforts,and changes in
priorities,and resubmit it for approval in order to continue to be eligible for mitigation project grant
funding.
If you have any questions regarding the planning or review processes,please contact Alison Kearns,Lead
Community Planner,at(510)627-7125 or by email at alison.kearns ll'f,aa�t,cll'ls. v.
Sincerely,
^.ka
; Jeffrey D.Lusk
Division Director
Mitigation Division
FEMA Region IX
Enclosure
cc: Jose Lara,Chief of Hazard Mitigation Planning,California Governor's Office of Emergency Services
Jennifer Hogan,State Hazard Mitigation Officer,California Governor's Office of Emergency Services
www.fema.gov
LOCAL MITIGATION PLAN REVIEW TOOL
The Local Mitigation Plan Review Tool demonstrates how the Local Mitigation Plan meets the regulation
in 44 CFR §201.6 and offers States and FEMA Mitigation Planners an opportunity to provide feedback to
the community.
• The Regulation Checklist provides a summary of FEMA's evaluation of whether the Plan has
addressed all requirements.
• The Plan Assessment identifies the plan's strengths as well as documents areas for future
improvement.
• The Multi-jurisdiction Summary Sheet is an optional worksheet that can be used to document
how each jurisdiction met the requirements of the each Element of the
Plan (Planning Process; Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment; Mitigation Strategy; Plan
Review, Evaluation, and Implementation; and Plan Adoption).
The FEMA Mitigation Planner must reference this Local Mitigation Plan Review Guide when completing
the Local Mitigation Plan Review Tool.
Jurisdiction:
City of El Segundo El Segundo nHazard Mitigation Plan January n airy 2015
Local Point of Contact: Address:
Christopher Donovan 350 Main Street
Title: El Segundo,CA 90245-3813
Fire Chief
Agency:
El Segundo Fire Department
Phone Number: E-Mail:
310-524-2219 ed' ntav�c�c�s ua t, q q[
State Reviewer: Title: Date:
Victoria LaMar-Haas Sr. ESC
FEMA Reviewer: Title: Date:
Tom Miller Community Planner 1/05/2016
Alison Kearns Lead Community Planner 3/30/2017
Date Received in FEMA Region(insert#) 11t Submission: 12/31/2015
2nd Submission:3/20/2017
Plan Not Approved
Plan Approvable Pending Adoption 3/30/2017
Plan Approved 6/6/2017
Local Mitigation Plan Review Tool A-1
SECTION 1:
REGULATION CHECKLIST
INSTRUCTIONS: The Regulation Checklist must be completed by FEMA. The purpose of the
Checklist is to identify the location of relevant or applicable content in the Plan by
Element/sub-element and to determine if each requirement has been 'Met' or 'Not Met.'
The 'Required Revisions' summary at the bottom of each Element must be completed by
FEMA to provide a clear explanation of the revisions that are required for plan approval.
Required revisions must be explained for each plan sub-element that is 'Not Met.' Sub-
elements should be referenced in each summary by using the appropriate numbers (Al, B3,
etc.), where applicable. Requirements for each Element and sub-element are described in
detail in this Plan Review Guide in Section 4, Regulation Checklist.
1. REGULATION CHECKLIST Location in Plan
(section and/or
Regulation(44 CFR 201.6 Local Mitigation Plans) page number) Met Not Met
ELEMENT A. PLANNING PROCESS
Al. Does the Plan document the planning process, including how Section 2.1,Table
it was prepared and who was involved in the process for each 2.1, Pages 17-26 X
jurisdiction?(Requirement §201.6(c)(1))
A2. Does the Plan document an opportunity for neighboring Section 2.2.1, Pages
communities, local and regional agencies involved in hazard 23-25
mitigation activities,agencies that have the authority to regulate X
development as well as other interests to be involved in the
planning process?(Requirement§201.6(b)(2)) II
A3. Does the Plan document how the public was involved in the Section 2.2.2, Pages
planning process during the drafting stage?(Requirement 25-26 X
§201.6(b)(1))
A4. Does the Plan describe the review and incorporation of existing Section 2.3, Page 27
plans,studies, reports, and technical information?(Requirement XI
§201.6(b)(3)) _ Y
..........
A5. Is there discussion of how the community(ies)will continue Section 2.4, Pages
public participation in the plan maintenance process?(Requirement 27-28 X
§201.6(c)(4)(iii))
A6. Is there a description of the method and schedule for keeping Section 2.5, Pages
the plan current(monitoring,evaluating and updating the mitigation 28-30 X
plan within a 5-year cycle)?(Requirement§201.6(c)(4)(i))
ELEMENT A, REQUIRED REVISIONS
A-2 _ Local Mitigation Plan Review Tool
1. REGULATION CHECKLIST Location in Plan
(section and/or
Regulation 44 CFR 201.6 Local Mitigation Plans)
ELEMENT B. HAZARD IDENTIFICATION AND RISK ASSESSMENT
131. Does the Plan include a description of the type, location,and 'Section 3.2:3.2.1—
extent of all natural hazards that can affect each jurisdiction(s)? 3.2.12, Pages 34-75 X
(Requirement§201.6(c)(2)(i))
B2. Does the Plan include information on previous occurrences of Section 3.2:3.2.1—
hazard events and on the probability of future hazard events for each 3.2.12, Pages 34-75 X
jurisdiction?(Requirement§201.6(c)(2)(i))
I
B3. Is there a description of each identified hazard's impact on the Section 3.3, Pages 75-
community as well as an overall summary of the community's 86 X
vulnerability for each jurisdiction?(Requirement§201.6(c)(2)(ii))
B4. Does the Plan address NFIP insured structures within the iSection 3.4, Page 86
jurisdiction that have been repetitively damaged by floods? X
(Requirement§201.6(c)(2)(ii))
ELEMENT B: RE'QUIRE'D REVISIONS
ELEMENT C. MITIGATION STRATEGY
C1. Does the plan document each jurisdiction's existing authorities, Section 4.1, Pages 88-
policies, programs and resources and its ability to expand on and 93 X
improve these existing policies and programs?(Requirement
§201.6(c)(3))
C2. Does the Plan address each jurisdiction's participation in the NFIP Section 4.2, Page 94
and continued compliance with NFIP requirements, as appropriate? X
(Requirement§201.6(c)(3)(ii))
C3. Does the Plan include goals to reduce/avoid long-term Section 4.3, Page 95
vulnerabilities to the identified hazards?(Requirement§201.6(c)(3)(i)) X
C4. Does the Plan identify and analyze a comprehensive range of Section 4.4,Table 4.5,
specific mitigation actions and projects for each jurisdiction being Pages 95-98
considered to reduce the effects of hazards,with emphasis on new X
and existing buildings and infrastructure?(Requirement
§201.6(c)(3)(ii))
C5. Does the Plan contain an action plan that describes how the Section 4.5,Table 4-6,
actions identified will be prioritized (including cost benefit review), Pages 99-103 X
implemented, and administered by each jurisdiction?(Requirement
§201.6(c)(3)(iv));(Requirement§201.6(c)(3)(iii))
Local Mitigation Plan Review Tool A-3
C6. Does the Plan describe a process by which local governments will Section 4.6, Page 104
integrate the requirements of the mitigation plan into other planning X
mechanisms, such as comprehensive or capital improvement plans,
when appropriate?(Requirement§201.6(c)(4)(ii))
ELEMENT E: REQUIRED REVISIONS
REGULATION 1.
Regulation (section and/or Not
201.6 Local Mitigation
ELEMENT D. PLAN REVIEW, EVALUATION, AND IMPLEMENTATION (applicable to plan updates
only)
D1.Was the plan revised to reflect changes in development? Section 5.1, Pages
(Requirement§201.6(d)(3)) 106-107 X
D2.Was the plan revised to reflect progress in local mitigation Section 5.2, Pages
efforts? (Requirement§201.6(d)(3)) 107-110 X
D3.Was the plan revised to reflect changes in priorities? Section 5.3, Page 110 X
(Requirement§201.6(d)(3))
ELEMENT D: REQUIRED REVISIONS
ELEMENT E. PLAN ADOPTION
E1. Does the Plan include documentation that the plan has been Section 6.1, Page
formally adopted by the governing body of the jurisdiction 111-113 X
requesting approval?(Requirement§201.6(c)(5))
E2. For multi-jurisdictional plans, has each jurisdiction requesting Not Applicable
approval of the plan documented formal plan adoption?
(Requirement§201.6(c)(5))
ELEMENT E. REQUIRED RE'!VISIONS
ELEMENT F. ADDITIONAL STATE REQUIREMENTS (OPTIONAL FOR STATE REVIEWERS ONLY;
NOT TO BE COMPLETED BY FEMA)
F1.
..........................................................................
___..._
F2.
ELEMENT F., REQUIRED REVISIONS
A-4 Local Mitigation Plan Review Tool
SECTION
PLAN ASSESSMENT
(INSTRUCTIONS: The purpose of the Plan Assessment is to offer the local community more
comprehensive feedback to the community on the quality and utility of the plan in a narrative
format. The audience for the Plan Assessment is not only the plan developer/local community
planner, but also elected officials, local departments and agencies, and others involved in
implementing the Local Mitigation Plan. The Plan Assessment must be completed by FEMA.
The Assessment is an opportunity for FEMA to provide feedback and information to the
community on: 1) suggested improvements to the Plan; 2) specific sections in the Plan where
the community has gone above and beyond minimum requirements; 3) recommendations for
plan implementation; and 4) ongoing partnership(s) and information on other FEMA programs,
specifically RiskMAP and Hazard Mitigation Assistance programs. The Plan Assessment is
'divided into two sections:
1. Plan Strengths and Opportunities for Improvement
2. Resources for Implementing Your Approved Plan
Plan Strengths and Opportunities for Improvement is organized according to the plan
Elements listed in the Regulation Checklist. Each Element includes a series of italicized bulleted
items that are suggested topics for consideration while evaluating plans, but it is not intended
to be a comprehensive list. FEMA Mitigation Planners are not required to answer each bullet
item, and should use them as a guide to paraphrase their own written assessment (2-3
sentences) of each Element.
The Plan Assessment must not reiterate the required revisions from the Regulation Checklist or
be regulatory in nature, and should be open-ended and to provide the community with
suggestions for improvements or recommended revisions. The recommended revisions are
suggestions for improvement and are not required to be made for the Plan to meet Federal
regulatory requirements. The italicized text should be deleted once FEMA has added
comments regarding strengths of the plan and potential improvements for future plan
revisions. It is recommended that the Plan Assessment be a short synopsis of the overall
strengths and weaknesses of the Plan (no longer than two pages), rather than a complete recap
section by section.
Resources for Implementing Your Approved Plan provides a place for FEMA to offer
information, data sources and general suggestions on the overall plan implementation and
(maintenance process. Information on other possible sources of assistance including, but not
limited to, existing publications, grant funding or training opportunities, can be provided. States
may add state and local resources, if available.
Local Mitigation i -
-
Guidance and Resources. �
Local Mitigation Planning Handbook
hWAS:yWWw.fem �
Beyond the Basics �
Mitigation Ideas
�
Plan Integration: Linking Local Planning Efforts
Integrating Disaster Data into Hazard Mitigation Planning
�
�
Integrating Historic Property and Cultural Resource Considerations into Hazard Mitigation
Planning
�
s/oa�u,nmnt�f���
. �
Community Rating System User Manual �
etSdmcumemte/8768,
� U.5. Climate Resilient Too|Wt
� hUp��//tom|ki,t.c6Inate.gov
J �
2014 National Climate Assessment �
�
�
Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation .
� hUk'//mcz-wv2� REX,A| FUNALP�Lf �
FY15 Hazard Mitigation Assistance Unified Guidance �
�
Climate Resilient Mitigation Activities for Hazard Mitigation Assistance
TrmimlnLy
�
More information at or through your State Training Officer
�
tditigation0amning |
|5-318 Mitigation Planning for Local and Tribal Communities
��.���x�o�de=�-318
� |S-393 Introduction to Hazard Mitigation
G-318 Preparing and Reviewing Local Plans
G-393 Mitigation for Emergency Managers
�
Hazard K4itiRatimn Assistance (HK0A) Grant PrmgLa�0s
|S-212.b Introduction to Unified HK4A '
/
emverwew.omou �
|S-377 Benefit Cost Analysis Entry Level
de-I8,2J7
E-212HK4A: Developing Quality Application Elements
E-213 HK4A: AppUcation Review and Evaluation
E-314 HK4A: Project Implementation and Programmatic Closeout
�
A-6 Local Mitigation Plan Review Tool
E-37G8enef�-Cost Analysis EntryLeve|
G|5 and Hezus-K4H
|3-922 Application ofG|S for Emergency Management
E-19OArcG|S for Emergency Managers
E-396 Application ofHazus-K0H for Risk Assessment
E-3l3 Basic Hazus-MH
F|oodp|ainK4anegeLDe[t
E-273 Managing F|mmdp|ain Development through the NF|P
E-378 National Flood Insurance Program/Community Rating System
Potential Funding Sources
Hazard Mitigation Grant Program
POC: FEMARegimn IX and State Hazard Mitigation Officer
VVebSite: h�ttos://w,ww.hema.Row/liazarci-m|tim
Pre-Disaster Mitigation Grant Program
i
P[)C: FEK4ARegion |X and State Hazard Mitigation Officer
VVebsite: rant'�rn�I�_M
Flood Mitigation Assistance Grant Program
P(]C: FEK4ARegion IX and State Hazard Mitigation Officer
VVSbsi1e: .hema.km*/f>omd-nuibwmUom-mssistamcm-m�'anL-_gi�ogrQm �
Emergencv Management Performance Grant Program
POC: FEK4A Region |X
VVebSite: �����//wwovw.8eo����ov/enmer
_p rij
Local Mitigation Plan Review Tool A-7