CC RESOLUTION 116RESOLUTION NO.116
A RESOLUTION OF THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF
THE CITY OF EL SEGUNDO, CALIFORNIA, ADOPT-
ING SPECIFICATIONS NO. 16 FOR THE CONSTRUCTION
OF SANITARY SEWERS IN THE CITY OF EL SEGUNDO,
CALIFORNIA.
BE IT RESOLVED by the Board of Trustees of the
City of E1 Segundo, Califo mia, that the following Specifi-
cations, beimg and to be known as "SPECIFICATIONS NUMBER
FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF SANITARY SEWERS IN THE CITY OF
EL SEGUNDO, CALIFORNIA ", be and the same are hereby adopted
and ordered filed in the office of the City Clerk of said
City.
SECTION
1-- Definition of Terms.
2-- Plans.
3- -Work to be Done.
4-- Supervision.
b -- Sub- oontraotors.
6-- Methods and Appliances.
7-- Examination of Work.
8-- setting Stakes,
9-- Inspection.
INDEX
SECTION
10-- Labor.
11-- Preservation of Monuments
12 -- Removing Obstructions,
13-- Observing City Ordinances
14-- Barriers, Lights, eto.
15-- Public Utilities.
16-- Proteotion of Work and
Cleaning Up.
17-- Defective Work.
18- -Loss or Damage,
1.
SECTION 1. DEFINITION OF TERMS:
Whenever the word "City" is used in these speoifi-
cations, it refers to the City of E1 Segundo, California.
Whenever the word "Contractor" is used in these
specifications, it refers to the party or parties of the
second part in the agreement for the oonetauotion of the work
herein specified.
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Whenever the wo rds "Street Superintendent" or
"City Engineer" are used in these specifications, they refer
respectively to the Street Superintendent or the City
Engineer of the City of E1 Segundo, or their authorized
agents or inspectors.
SECTION 2. PLANS:
The vw rk herein specified is to be done in accord-
anoe with the plans, profiles and drawings on file in the
office of the City Engineer and made a part of these specifi-
cations.
The plans, profiles and drawings are hereinafter
referred to as the "Plans ".
All distances and measurements are in feet, and are
made and will be given, in a horizontal plane.
All elevations are in feet, and are above the
established City Datum Plane.
Special provisions in the f ®nn of notes or details
modifying these specifications in particular oases may be
embodied in the Plans and in such oases shall superoede and
control these specifications in those particulars.
The Contractor shall keep upon the work a copy of
the plans and specifications, and access thereto, at all times
shall be accorded the City Engineer and Street Superintendent
or their authorized agents or inspectors.
SECTION 3. WORK TO BE DONE:
The work to be done under these specifications shall
include the furnishing of all labor,,material and equipment
necessary for or incident to the construction and completion
of all the work shown on the plans, profiles and drawings,
in accordance with these specifications.
All work during its progress, and upon its comple-
tion, shall conform to the lines, elevations and grades as
shovm on said plans, profiles and drawings.
SECTION 4. SUPERVISION:
All work done hereunder shall be done in a first
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class, thorough and workmanlike manner, under the
direction and to the satisfaction of the City Engineer,
and the materials used shall comply with these speoifi-
cations and be to the satisfaction of the City Engineer.
Rejected materials must be immediately removed from the
work by the Contractor and shall not again be brought
upon the work. Work shall be commenced and continued at
such points as may be approved by the City Engineer and
shall be carried on diligently and without unnecessary
or unreasonable delay.
SECTION 5. SUB- CONTRACTORS:
No sub - oontraotor will be recognized as such,
and all persons engaged in the work of construction will
be considered as employees of the Contractor.
SECTION 6, METHMS AND APPLIANCES:
The methods, equipment, appliances and working
f oroe employed by the Contractor, must be such as will
secure work of first -class quality and sufficient to con -
plete the work in the time agreed upon.
The City Engineer may order the Contractor to
improve, change or increase such methods, equipment, app-
liances or force, if in his opinion they be inadequate or
insufficient, but failure of the City Engineer to make
such order will not relieve the Contractor from his ob-
ligation to perform the nark in accordance with the
specifications and within the required time.
SECTION 7. EIfAMINATION CE` WORK:
Bidders must examine and judge for themselves
as to the location of the proposed work, and the nature
of the excavation to be made and the m rk to be done.
The plans for the work will show conditions as
they are supposed or believed by the City Engineer to
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exist, and it is not intended or to be inferred that the
conditions as shouai thereon constitute a representation
by the City, or its officers, that such conditions are
actually existent, nor shell the Contractor be relieved
of the liability under his contract, or the City, or any
of its officers be liable for any loss sustained by the
Contractor as a result of any variance between the con-
ditions as shown on the plans and the actual conditions
revealed during the progress of the work or otherwise.
SECTION 8. SETTING STAKES:
The Contractor shall give forty -eight (48) hours'
notice in writing when he will require the services of the
City Engineer for laying out any portion of the work, and
shall dig all holes necessary for line and grade stakes.
The Contraot or shall preserve all stakes set for the lines,
grades or measurements of the work in their proper places
until authorized to remove them by the City Engineer. Any
expense inourred in replacing said stakes which the Con-
tractor may have failed to preserve shall be bo me by the
Contractor.
SECTION 9. INSPECTION:
The Contractor shall prosecute wark only in
the presence of the City Engineer or his authorized deputy,
and any work done in the absence of said City Engineer or
his authorized deputy, shall be subject to rejection for
that reason. The Contractor shall notify the City Engineer
at least forty -eight (48) hours before beginning any work
e d shall furnish said City Engineer all reasonable
facilities for obtaining fall information respecting the
progress and manner of the work.
SECTION 10. LABOR;
Any superintendent, foreman, laborer or other
person employed on the work by the Contractor who fails
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or refuses to perform the work in the manner specified
herein shall be discharged immediately, and such person
shall not again be employed on the work.
At all times during the absence of the Contractor
from the work there shall be a competent agent or super-
intendent in charge; and all notices, communications,
orders, or instructions given, sent to, or served upon
such agent or superintendent shall be oonsidered as having
been served upon the Contractor.
SECTION 11, PRESERVATION OF MONUMENTS:
The Contractor shall not disturb monuments or
stakes Pound on the line of improvements without permission
from the City Engineer, and shall bear the expense of re-
setting any monuments or stakes which may be disturbed
without such permission. The Contractor shall reset all
street Name Signs disturbed by him during the progress of
the work.
SECTION 1E, REMOVING OBSTRUCTIONS:
The Contractor shall remove, at his expense, ail
trees, fences and all structures as and when required by
the plans or where the proper construction and completion
of the work requires their removal. The Contractor shall
also remove,at his expense, all stones, debris, or other
obstructions of whatever kind or character, either natural
or artificial, enoountered in making the improvements. No
trees, palms, shrubbery or ornamental vegetation, shall be
removed without first obtaining the approval of the City
Engineer. Whenever any fence, water pipe, or other improve-
ment is removed, it shall be replaced by and at the expense
of the Contractor.
SECTION 13, OBSERVING CITY ORDINANCES:
The Contractor shall observe the laws of the
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State of Califo mia in regard to public improvements
and contracts and all the ordinances of the City of
E1 Segundo, in relation to the obstruction of streets,
keeping open passageways and protecting the same where
they are exposed or dangerous to travel. Not more than
one successive cross street shall be closed at any one
time.
SECTION 14, BARRIERS, LIGHTS, ETC.:
The Contractor shall take all necessary measures
to protect the work and prevent accidents during con -
struotion. He shall provide and maintain all necessary
barriers, guards, temporary bridges, watchmen and lights.
SECTION 15, PUBLIC UTILITIES:
In case it should be necessary to remove the
property of ark* owner of a public utility or franchise,
such owner will, upon proper application by the Contraotor,
be notified by the City Engineer to move such property
within a specified reasonable time, and the Contractor shall
not interfere with said property until after the expiration
of the time specified.
The right is reserved by the City and to owners
of public utilities and franchises to enter upon any street,
alley, right of way or easement for the purpose of making
necessary repairs, or for making changes in their property
made necessary by the work.
Unless otherwise indicated on the plans or in
these specifications, or unless otherwise oared for by the
owner of a public utility or franchise, all sewer, water
or gas lines or house connections therefor, shall be main-
tained by the Contractor, and shall not be disturbed or
disoonneoted by him during the progress of the work; pro-
vided that, should the Contractor, in the prosecution of
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the work, disturb or disconnect any such pipe line
or sewer connection, all expense, of whatever nature
arising from such disturbame or in the replacement or
repair of such line or connection, shall be borne by
the Contractor.
SECTION 16, PROTECTION OF w(RK AND CLEANING UP:
The Contractor shall oars for all work until
final completion and acceptance. All damage done to exist-
ing improvements by the Contractor shall be repaired by
him. He shall remove all surplus material and rubbish
from the work after its completion and before he makes
application for the acceptance of the work.
SECTION 17. DEFECTIVE WORK:
No work which is defeotive in its construction
or deficient in any of the requirements of thee* epeoifi-
oations will be considered as accepted in consequence of
the failure of any employee of the City or inspector con -
neoted with the work to point out said defects or defioi-
enoy during oonstruotion. The Contractor shall correct
any imperfect work whenever discovered, bDefore the final
aooeptanoe of the work.
SECTION 18. LOSS OR DAMAGE:
All lose or demnage arising from any act or
omission not authorized by the specifications, on the part
of the Contractor or any agent or person employed by him,
shall be sustained by the Contractor.
SECTION
2.
Materials
INDEX
SECTION
19 -- Cement. 27- -Sewer Joint Compound.
20- -Sand, 28-- Petrolastio Cement.
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21-- Grushed Stone and Gravel. 29-- Conorete.
22-- Eriok,
23-- Castings,
24-- Reinforoing Steel,
30- -Pipe.
31-- Vitrified Clay Pipe
32-- Cement Pipe,
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25-- Manhole Steps and 33- -Drain Tile.
Ladders.
26--Mortar. 34-- Reinforoed Concrete Pipe.
3b•- Forms,
SECTION 19. CEMENT:
All cement used shall be Portland Cement and
shall conform to the following requirements and be subject
to the following test and in addition thereto shall also
conform with the standard specifications for testing
Portland Cement as adopted by the American Society for ?eat-
ing Materials in 1904, and all subsequent amendments and
additions thereto. Samples for tests may be taken from
every package delivered or proposed to be used upon the work,
and unless they meet the requirements herein specified,
such package or packages of cement will be rejected. All
tests shall be open to the Contractor.
All cement shall be true Portland Cement. No
cement will be accepted, tested or permitted to be used
unless delivered in the original unopened packages, filled
at the cement mill and with the manufacturer's name and
the brand of the cement plainly marked thereon. If de-
livered in sacks, each sack must contain not less than
ninety -four (94) pounds net of cement, aomd such sacks of
cement shall be deemed to have a volume of one (1) cubic
foot. Such sacks of cement must be uniform in weight and
the sacks shall be whole and untorn. If delivered in wooden
or metal barrels, the content must be 376 pounds net of
oementj The oement must be dry and free from lumps,
No cement shall be used which has been mixed in
any way with any other brand or quality of cement or which
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has been tempered with in any way after having been placed
in the original package of the manufacturer, nor shall
any cement be used from any packages containing lumpy
cement or cement which has been reground. To prevent sift-
ing or loss of weight, and for protection from moisture,
all cement that has been transported by water must be in
paper lined cloth sacks, or in barrels made of wood or
metal. The paper liners used inside the sacks must be
stout and damp - proof, and may be either open mouthed or
of the sealed type with valves for filling.
The cement shall be suitably protected from the
weather and piled so as to permit access for tally, in-
speotion sad identification of each shipment.
SECTION 20, SAND:
All sand for concrete or mortar shall be washed
sand and shall be hard and durable, free from both oil and
organic matter, and shall contain not more then three (3)
per cent by weight of mica and not more than five (5) per
cent by weight of clay or silt; not less than ninety (90)
per cent by weight shall pass a one - quarter (1/4) inch
screen; at least fifty (50) per cent, but not more than
eighty -five (851 per cent by weight shall be retained on a
thirty (30) mesh screen; and not more than seven (7) per
cent by weight shall pass a hundred (100) mesh screen.
SECTION 21. CRUSHED STONE AM GRAVEL:
Crashed stone or gravel shall be washed and shall
consist of clean, waterworn pebbles, crushed boulders, or
both, free from clay, silt, oil or organic matter and shall
have a specific gravity of not less than 2.50. All rook
shall peas a one and one /half (1 1/2) inch screen, out not
more than five (5) per cent by weight shall pass a one-
_ quarter (1/4) inch screen, and not less than thirty -five
(35) per cent nor more than fifty (50) per cent by weight
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( C a)
shall pass a three- quarter (3/4) inch screen.
SECTION 22. BRICK:
When the word "brick" occurs on plans or in
resolutions without specifying "common" or "vitrified"
it shall mean common brick.
Common brick, unless otherwise indicated on
the plane, shall conform to the following:
They shall be whole, sound, hard burned clay
with straight edges and mast give a clear, ringing sound
when struck together. They shall be uniform in quality,
ail shall be culled or sorted before delivery on the ground.
They shall have rectangular surfaces and shall be not less
then eight and one - eighth (8 1/8) inches nor more than
eight and three- eighths (8 3/8) inches in length, not less
than three and five - eighths (3 5/8) inches nor more than three
and seven - eighths (3 7/8) inches in width, and not less than
two and one - quarter (2 1/4) inches nor more than two and
three - eighths (2 3/8) inches in thickness.
All brick shall be subject to the following test
made by the City Engineer, on brick sampled at the brick
yard or on the job, as he may elect.
Three or more bricks selected at random from a
given lot shall be broken across, and the separate pieces
placed on edge, faced top and oottom with plaster of Paris,
and crashed. The average maximum load shall be not less
than two thousand (2,000) pounds per square inch and no
individual load shall be lees than one thousamd (1,000)
pounds per square inch. Failure to meet the requirements
of this test shall cause to be rejeoted the lot of brick
from which the samples for this test were selected.
VITRIFIED BRICK:
Vitrified brick shall be uniform in quality, free
from laminations, fire checks and cracks. All bricks having
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kiln marks more than three sixteenths (3/16) of an inch
high and all brick so distorted in burning as to lay up
to an uneven surface shall be rejected. The top face of
the brick shall be free from kiln marks.
Salt glazed brick will not be accepted. The
brick shall be not less than three and one - eighth: (3 1 /8)
nor more than three and one - fourth (3 1/4) inches thick,
not lose than seven and one -half (7 1/2), nor more than
nine (9) inches in length, end not lose than three and
seven- eighths (3 7/8) nor more than four (4) inches in
depth. Vitrified brick shall not show a lose of more than
twenty -two (22) per oent when subjected to the following
rattler test:
(a) BRICK RATTLER TEST:
The rattler shall consist of a barrel twenty -eight
(28) inches in diameter and approximately twenty (20) inches
in length. The abrasive charge shall oondist of three hun-
dred (300) pounds of spherical oast iron shot. Ten (10) of
said shot shall have a weight of between seventy (70) and
seventy -five (75) pounds, and shall be approximately three
and three - fourths (54/4) inches in diameter. The remainder
of the shot shall be one and three- fourthe (1 3/4) to one
and seven - eighths (1 7/8) inches in diameter.
Ten (10) brick previously dried three (3) hours
at one hundred (100) degrees Fahrenheit, shall be placed in
the dram with said abrasive charge of shot, and the drum
revolved eighteen hundred (1800) revolutions at the rate
of between twenty -nine and five - tenths (29.5) and thirty
and five - tenths (30.5) revolutions per minute. The lose
shall be calculated in percentage of the initial weight of
the brick composing the charge.
In weighing the rattled brick any piece weighing
lose than one (1) pound shall be rejected. The details of
this test and of the equipment used therefor shall be in
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accordance with Specifications C 7 -15 of the Amerioan
Society for Testing Materials.
SECTION 23. CASTINGS:
All castings for manhole heads, covers and other
purposes must be of tough gray iron, free from cracks,
holes, swells, and cold shuts, and be of workmanlike finish,
and must conform to the plans.
The quality shall be such that a blow from a
hammer will produce an indentation on a rectangular edge of
the casting without flaking the metal.
Before leaving the foundry all castings shall be
thoroughly cleaned and subjected to a hammer inspection,
after which they shall be dipped twice in a preparation of
asphalt, or coal tar, and oil applied at a temperature of
not less than 2900 Fahrenheit, nor greater than 3100 Fah-
renheit, in such a manner as to form a firm and tenacious
coating.
SECTION 24. REINFORCING STEEL;
Steel for concrete reinforcement shall have an
ultimata tensile strength of 65,000 to 70,000 pounds per
square inch; an elastic limit of not less than one -half
(1/2) the ultimate strength, and a minimum percentage of
elongation in eight (8) inches of one million, two hundred
fifty thousand (1,250,000) divided by the ultimate strength.
Test specimens shall bend cold through 1800 around a pin
without cracking on the outside of the bent portion, the
diameter of the pin being equal to the thickness of the
specimen if less than 3A inch and being twice the thick-
ness of the specimen if 3A inch or larger. Bars shall
be free from flaws, cracks, rust, oil, or paint. 611 bars
shall be square deformed bars unless otherwise specified.
SECTION 25. MANHOLE STEPS AND LADDERS:
Manhole steps and ladders shall be made of 3A
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inch round iron bars galvanized and heavily ooated with
asphaltum paint. Steps shall be 14 inches wide and shall
extend at least 6 inches into the wall of the manhole
or other structure in which they are placed. The rung
of the step shall be three (3) inches from the face of
the masonry of the manhole or other structure. Steps
shall be placed at intervals of 17 inches and the last
step shall be not more than 24 inches from the bottom
of the manhole or other structure.
SECTION 26. MORTAR:
For pipe joints, the mortar shall be composed
of one cubic foot of cement and two cubic feet of screen-
ed sand.
For laying brick or for plastering, mortar
shall consist of one cubic foot of cement and two and
one -half cubic feet of screened sand.
Finish mortar shall be composed of one cubic
foot of cement and one and one -half cubic feet of screened
sand and shall be colored by the addition of one - fourth
pound of lamp black to each sack of cement.
The mortar shall be mixed in a suitable mixer
or in a water tight mixing box. The materials must be
thoroughly mixed dry until the mass assumes a uniform
color and then sufficient water added to give the mixture
a proper consistency. No mortar whim has begun to set
shall be used and no retempering thereof will be permitted.
SECTION 27. SEWER JOINT COMPOUND-
Sewer Joint Compound shall be so prepared that
when heated to not less than 250 degrees Fahrenheit and
poured, it will adhere firmly to the surface of the dry
pipe, or, when heated to not less than 350 degrees
Fahrenheit and poured,it will adhere firmly to the sur-
face of the pipe even though this surface shall be sub-
merged in water below the springing line of the pipe.
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The flexibility of the compound shall be such
that after a pipe joint has been run and cooled the
pipe may be deflected at least five degrees from line
or grade; in which condition the compound in the joint
shall show no signs of cracking, checking or breaking
away from the surface.
The melting point shall be not less than 70
degrees Centigrade (158 degrees Fahrenheit), as de-
termined by A.S.T.M. Standard D 36 -24 for Bituminous
Materials or by A.S.T.M. Standard D 61 -24 for Tar
Products.
The compound shall be melted into sheet form,
2 or 3 millimeters (about 118 inch) thick, and out into
squares of 25 millimeters (1 inch). These squares are
then to be pressed under a load of 1 Kilogram (2.2 pounds),
until cold (the excess being trimmed away), between the
trued ends of a broken Portland Cement standard neat
briquette, previously heated to between 120 degrees
Centigrade (248 degrees Fahrenheit) and 135 degrees Cen-
tigrade (275 degrees Fahrenheit), and the trued ends
saturated with the same compound.
Twenty -five millimeters (1 inch) squares of
the compound prepared as described above, when submerged
(one cube in one of each of the following solutions) in
5 per cent solution of caustic potash, 5 per cent solu-
tion of ammonia, and a mixture of 5 per cent hydrochloric
acid and 5 per cent sulphuric acid, shall be unaffected.
SECTION 26. PETROI,ASTIC CEMENT-
The material used shall be an air refined
asphalt manufactured from a good grade of asphalt base
petroleum. It shall be delivered on the job in the
original packages bearing the manufacturer's brand and
have the following characteristics:
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Solubility in CS 2, -- Not less than 99 per cent.
Purity Solubility in 86° Gasoline, Not less than 60 per cent.
Penetration - - - - - - - - - - - - 21 to 30 at 770 F.
Melting Point (B and R Method) -- Not less than 1450 F.
Ductility at 770 F., 5 cm.per min., Not less than 2.
Lose on heating 5 grams, 3500 F. 5 hr. Not more than 2%
SECTION 29. CONCRETE:
Concrete shall be composed of the relative volume
of materials as follows:
CLASS "A" CONCRETE
1 cubic foot of cement.
2 cubic feet of sand.
4 cubic feet of rock.
CLASS "B" CONCRETE
1 cubic foot of cement
3 cubic feet of sand.
5 cubic feet of rock.
Only sufficient water shall be used to produce
a concrete with a slump of not to exceed three (3) inches,
as determined by the tentative method used by the A.S.T.M.,
issued in 1922, known as Serial Designation: D 138 -22 T.
Two and one -half (2 1 %2) pounds diatomaceous
earth which shall be clean, finely powdered, non crystal-
line Silica, containing not more than * of foreign matter,
shall be added with each sack (94, pounds) of cement used
for Class "A" concrete.
Should there not be enough mortar to fill the
voids in the rock, the amount of the rock shall be reduced.
All concrete, whenever practicable, shall be
mixed in batch type mixers and Class "A "concrete shall
always be so mixed.
The mixer drum shall have a speed of not less
than thirteen revolutions per minute, and each batch shall
be mixed in the drum of the mixer not less than one and
one -half minutes.
Concrete shall be mixed in quantities requiring
one or more full sacks of cement and the mixer at no time
shall be ov- erloaded.
mitted.
Splitting of sacks of cement will not be per-
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,then concrete is mixed by hand it shall be
mixed on a water tight platform sufficiently large to
receive the batch to be mixed. The rock and the sand
shall be spread out evenly and the cement spread uni-
formly over the mass, after which the whole shall be
turned over at least three times dry. Water shall then
be added and the mass turned over, at least two times,
wet.
Concrete shall be placed in the form within
thirty minutes after mixing and no retempered concrete
will be allowed to be used.
SEXTION 30. PIPE:
Pipe shall be of the material designated on
the plans.
SECTION 31. VITRIFIED CI,AY PIPE:
(a) QUALITY. All vitrified clay pipe and
specials shall be of first quality, vitrified, salt -
glazed sewer pipe, sound and well burned throughout their
entire thickness, impervious to moisture, and must give a
metallic ring when struck with a hammer.
(b) GLAZING. The pipe must be smooth and its
interior surface must be thoroughly glazed.
(o) SHAPE. All pipe shall be socket pipe; with
sockets true, circular and concentric with the bore of the
pipe. All sockets must be of sufficient diameter to re-
ceive to the full depth the spigot and of the next follow-
ing pipe or special, without any chipping whatever of
either, and also to leave an annular space, as specified
in the following table.
The deep and wide socket pipe shall have oirou-
lar corrugations on the inside of the socket for its entire
depth, and also on the outside of the spigot end for the
corresponding depth.
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(dj LENGTHS, The length of all sizes of
straight pipe, exclusive of socket, shall be two and
one -half (2 1/2) feet excepting for the pipe of six (6)
inches diameter, which shall be two (2) feet, or two and
one -half (2 1/2) feet.
(e) DIMENSIONS. The thickness of the shell,
the depth of the socket, and the annular apace shall have
the dimensions given in the following table;
TB.B?E OF DIMENSIONS FOR VITRIFIED MY PIPE
THICKI SS OF RENT, MEPTR--OP duvlur MIND=
SIZZ STANDARD p AND Ili AND ANNULU SPACE
WIDE SOCKET STANDARD WIDE SOCKET STANDAM MEF AND
6
in.
3/4
in.
3/4
in
2
in.
8
in.
3/4
in.
3/4
in.
2
114
10
in.
7/8
in.
778
in.
2
1/2
12
in.
1
in.
1
in.
2
1/2
15
in.
1 1/8
1n.
1 1/8
in.
2
1/2
18
in.
1 1/2
in.
1 1/2
in.
2
374
$1
in.
1 374
in.
1 374
in.
2
3/4
in.
2
1/2
in.
3/8
in.
5/6
in.
in.
2
3/4
in.
3/8
in.
5/8
in.
in.
2
3/4
in.
3/8
in.
5/8
in.
in.
3
in.
1 /2.in.
5/8
in.
in.
3
in.
1/2
in.
5/S
in.
in.
3
114
in.
1/2
in.
5/8
in.
in.
3
374
in.
172
in.
3/4
in.
The annular space referred to in columns 6 and 7
of the above table is the space between the circumference
of the upper inside diameter of the socket and the outside
diameter of the spigot of the pipe placed in said socket.
The annular space given in said columns 6 and 7 being the
minimum annular space allomble, excepting for the variation
given in Section 31 (f) hereof.
The space between the circumference of the lower
inside diameter of the socket and the outside diameter of
the spigot of the pipe placed in said socket shall be not
less than one -half (1/2) the annular space, which space,
together with the annular space, shall be allowed the vatia-
tion given in Section 31 (f) hereof.
(f) PERMISSIBLE V9.RILTIONS. The permissible
variations from the dimensions given in the above table
shall be as stated in the following table;
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TABLE OF PERMISSIBLE VARIATIONS IN DIMENSIONS FOR VITRIFIED
CLAY PIPE
limits of permissible variation in
Normal Length Depth Thickness Inside
size Inches Socket of shell diameter of
6
in.
1/2
in.
1/4
in.
1/16
in.
3/16
in.
8
in.
1/2
in.
1/4
in.
1/16
in.
1/4
in.
10
in.
1/2
in.
1/4
in.
1/16
in.
1/4
in.
12
in.
1/2
in.
1/4
in.
1/16
in.
1/4
in.
15
in.
1/2
in.
1/4
in.
1/8
in.
1/4
in.
18
in.
1/2
in.
1/4
in.
1/8
in.
3/8
in.
21
in.
5/8
in.
1/4
in.
1/8
in.
7/16
in.
Note: The minus sign (e) alone indicates that the plus
variations is not limited; the plus and minus sign ( -I-) in-
dicates variations in both excess and deficiency of dimension.
(g) IMPERFECTIONS. All pipe and specials must be
free from injurious cracks, cheoks, blisters, broken extre-
mities or other imperfections.
The following imperfections in a pipe or special
will be considered injurious and cause for refection.
(1) A single crack in the body of a pipe, extend-
ing through the entire thickness regardless of the extent
of such crack. A single fire crack which extends through
one -half (1/2) of the thickness and over three (3) inches
long.
(2) Two or more fire cracks in the body of the
pipe of a lose length than three (3) inches and extending
through one -half (1/2) of the thickness. Any fire crack
which is more than one - sixteenth (1/16) of an inch wide at
its widest point.
(3) Lumps, blisters or flakes on the interior
surface of a pipe or special.
(4) Two or more breaks in the socket or spigot
unless they can be placed in the upper half of the sewer.
(5) When the bore or socket of the pipe varies
from a true circle more than three (3) per cent of its
normal diameter.
18-
[ 84
(6) When a pipe or special designated to be
straight exhibits a deviation of more than three - eights
(3/8) of an inch from a straight line.
(7) A piece broken fra m the spigot end deeper
than the socket or longer than one -third (1/3) of the dia-
meter of the pipe.
(8) A piece broken from the bell,end if the
freoture extends into the body of the pipe, or is longer
than one -third (1/3) of the diameter of the pipe.
(h) CAPS. Cape shall be furnished with each branch
pipe and consist of a disc of vitrified clay, three - fourths
(3/4) of an inch thick, fitting snugly into the socket of
the branch pipe.
(i) TESTS. The tests for vitrified clay pipe
shall include the following:
1. HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE TEST.
2. SAND BEARING CRUSHING TEST.
For pipe to be used in sanitary sewers the hydro-
static pressure test shall precede the sand bearing crushing
test by not less than one -(1) hour, nor more than three (3)
hours.
The City Engineer shall select at random and test
as herein specified one length of pipe for each four hundred
(400) feet or fraction thereof, of each size of pipe to be
laid, the minimum number of specimens to be tested to be
three (3) for each selection of each size pipe.
The pipe selected for testing purposes shall be
delivered by the Contractor for the improvement, when and
where directed.
If, in making either of the tests above mentioned,
eighty (80) per oent or more of the specimens tested meet
the requirements imposed by the test, all of the pipe in the
shipment or delivery corresponding to the sizes so tested
19-
X05
shall be considered as complying with that test.
If, however, more than twenty (20) per cent of
the specimens tested fail to meet the requirements of
either test, a second selection of pipe shall be made for
the test. The number of pipe to be tested in the second
selection of pipe shall be five (5) for each pipe that
failed to meet the requirements of the first selection.
If eighty (80) per cent or more of the pipe se-
lected, including those first selected, meet the require-
ments of that test, all of the pipe corresponding to the
sizes so tested shall be considered as complying with
that test, otherwise all pipe of those sizes sh911 be
rejected.
Unless otherwise specified herein, the specimens
of pipe shall be sound pipe heving dimensions consistent
with these specifications.
(1) HYDROSTATIC PR :sSSU:31: Tii�3T. Sound full size
pipe in each size shall be tested for leakage under internal
hyotrostatic pressure.
Mater pressures, s measured by a standardized
gage attached to the delivery pipe close to the specimens,
shall be internally applied to the specimens as follows;
10 lb, per sq. in. for 7 minutes.
!_t the end of the final period the pipe shall be
inspected and the specimens shall show no leakage under
these pressures. Moisture appearing on the surface of the
pipe in the form of patches or beads, rdhering to the sur-
face, shall not be considered leakage.
(2) S_IM B SRInG CRUSHING VESTi The load shall
be applied at a uniform ratE of about two thousand (2000)
pounds per minute, or in increments of not more than one
hundred (100) pounds, at the same rate.
The pipe shall not be allowed to stand under the
load longer than it is required to apply the load snd to
observe and record it.
The testing machine shall be substantial and rigid
20-
throughout, so that the distribution of the load will
not be affected by the deformation or yielding of any part.
The bearings and specimens shall be accurately
centered so as to secure a symmetrical distribution of
the loading on each side of the center of the pipe in every
direction.
The pipe to be tested shall be carefully bedded
above and below in said one - fourth (1A) of the circumfer-
ence of the pipe, measured on the middle line of the shell.
The depth of the bedding above and below the pipe at the
thinnest points shall not be less than one -half (1 /2) the
radius of the middle line of the shell.
The sand shall be clean and shall be such as will
pass a one - fourth (1/4) inch screen.
The top bearing frame shall not be allowed to come
in contact with the pipe nor with the top bearing plate.
The upper surface of the sand in the top bearing shall be
struck level with a straight edge, and shall be covered
with a rigid top bearing plate, the length of which plate
shall be the total length of the pipe and the width of which
plate shall be not less than one -half (1/2) inch less than
the inside width of the top bearing frame. The lower surface
of the top bearing plate shall be a true plane, made of heavy
timbers or other rigid material, capable of distributing the
test load uniformly without bending. The test load shall be
applied at the exact oenter of this top bearing plate in
such a manner as to permit a free motion of the plate in all
directions. For this purpose a spherical bearing is pre-
ferred, but two rollers at right angles may be used. The test
may be made without the use of a testing machine by piling
weights directly on a platform resting on the top bearing
plate, provided, however, that the weights shall be piled
symmetrically about a vertical line through the center of
the pipe, and that the platform shall not be allowed to
21.
touch the top bearing frame.
t87
The frames of the top and bottom bearings shall
be made of timbers so heavy as to avoid bending by the
side pressure of the sand. The interior surface of the
frames shall be dressed. No frame shall come in contact
with the pipe during the test. A strip of cloth may be
attached to the inside of the upper frame on each side,
along the lower edge to prevent the escape of sand between
the frame and the pipe.
The load shall be applied to each specimen until
the amount specified in the following table, for the mini-
mum crushing strength, has been reached. No additional
pressure is required but may be applied f or record purposes.
The various sizes of pipe shall withstand the
following pressures:
SIZE
MINIMUM CRUSHING S
6
in.
1430
8
in.
1430
10
in.
1570
12
in.
1710
15
in.
1960
18
in.
2200
21
in.
2590
24
in.
3070
27
in.
3370
30
in.
3690
The net inside length of'the pipe from the bottom
of the socket to the spigot and of the pipe is to be used
as the divisor in obtaining the amount of the crushing
strength per linear foot.
SECTION 32. NT PIPE.
(a) QUALITY. All cement pipe shall be of first
quality, dense, tough and free from cracks or other imper-
fections which would be cause for rejection as hereinafter
specified. All pipe must give a metallic ring when struck
with a hammer and ita interior surface must be smooth.
22-
1788
Pipe when broken shall appear homegeneous,
and generally uniform, and if containing rock, shall show
pieces of fractured rock firmly imbedded in mortar.
(b) SHAPE. All pipes shall be socket pipes,
with sockets true, circular and concentric with the bore
of the pipe. All sockets must be of sufficient diameter
to receive to the full depth the spigot end of the next
following pipe or special, without any chipping whatsoever
of either, and also to leave an annular space, as specified
in the following table.
(c) MATERIALS. All pipe shall be made of cement
as specified in Section 19, hereof, and aggregate. The
aggregate shall be composed of sand, or of sarrl and rock;
provided that the size of the rock when used, in its great-
est dimension,, must not be greater than one -half (1/2) the
thickness of the shell of the pipe.
The pipe shall be made of a mixture which shall
be by measure not less than one (1) part of cement to three
(3) parts aggregate, and the aggregate shall be so propor-
tioned as to produce a pipe which will comply with the tests
herein specified.
The materials composing the aggregate shall be
graded and shall be clean and suitable for the work.
No hydrated lime, alum and soap, asphaltum, oil,
or other waterproofing compound, or any materials other
than cement, sand, rock and water, will be permitted in
manufacturing the pipe, nor shall any coating of cement
wash be added to the inside surface.
(d) ta,LTHOD OF YIkKUG. All cement pipe shall be
that known as wet pipe. The pipe shall be made under a roof,
the material shall be thoroughly mixed in a batch machine
mixer and shall be machine moulded and machine compacted.
The City Engineer shall have at all times free
and uninterrupted access to the plant where pipe to be used
23-
t09
in the work done under these specifications is being
manufactured, for the purpose of inspecting the materials
being used, the method of making, and the finished pipe.
(a) CURIIdG. 11.11 pipe shall be kept thoroughly
wet for a period of seven (7) days.
(f) IENGTHS. The lengths of all sizes of straight
pipe, exclusive of sockets, shall be two arA one -half (2 1/2)
feet, excepting for the pipe of six (6) inches diameter,
which shall be two (2) feet or two and one -half (2 1/2) feet.
(g) DIMENSIONS. The thickness of the shell, the
depth of the socket, and the annular space shall have the
dimensions given in following table:
TABLE OF DINLNS IONS FOR CEMENT PIPE
Thickness of e Depth of oc e n mum
Annular Space
DEEP AND LM11 ?-ND STAND - DEEP
SILL STANDARD 71IDE SOCKET STABDt?RD 'SIDE SOCkET AIM AND
;HIDE
SO CBET
Col. 1 Col. 2 Col. 3 Col. 4 Col. 5 Co1.6 Col. 7
6 in. 3/4 in. 3/4 in. 2 in. 2 1/2 in. 3/8 in. 5/8 in.
8 in. 7/8 in. 7/8 in. 2 1/4 in. 2 314 in. 3/8 in. 5/8 in.
10 in. 1 in. 1 in. 2 1/2 in. 2 3/4 in. 3/8 in. 5/8 in.
12 in. 1 1/8 in. 1 1/8 in. 2 1/2 in. 3 in. 1/2 in. 5/8 in.
15 in. 1 3/8 in. 1 3/8 in. 2 1/2 in. 3 in. 1/2 in. 5/8 in.
18 in. 1 1/2 in. 1 1/2 in. 2 3/4 in. 3 1/4 in. 1/2 in. 5/8 in.
21 in. 1 3/4 in. 1 3/4 in. 2 3/4 in. 3 374 in. 1/2 in. 374 in.
The annular space referred to in columns, 6 and 7 of
the above table is in the space between the circumference of
the upper inside diameter of the socket and the spigot of the
pipe placed in said socket, the annular space given in said
columns 6 and 7 being the minimum annular space allowable,
excepting for the variation given in Section 32 (h) hereof.
The space between the circumference of the lower
inside diameter of the socket and the outside diameter of the
spigot of the pipe placed in said socket shall be not less
than one - eighth (1/8) inch for standard pipe and not less than
one - fourth (1/4) inch for deep and wide socket pipe, which
24-
Xt
N
space, together with the annular space, shall be allowed
the variation given in Section 32 (h) hereof.
(h) PERMISSIBIE VARIATIONS. The permissible
variations from the dimensions given in the above table,
shall be as stated in the following table:
TABLE OF PMWISSIBIE VARIATIONS IN DINNSIONS
LIMITS OF PERMISSIBZE VARIATIONS IN
Normal Length Depth Thickness Inside
Size Inches Socket of Shell Diameter
Inches Per Foot Inches Inches of Bore
Inc he s
Col. 1 Col. 2 Col. 3 Col. 4 Col. 5
6 in. 1/2 in. 1/4 in. 1/16 in. 3/16 in.
8 in. 1/2 in. 1/4 in. 1/ 6 in. 1/4 in.
10 in. 1/2 in. 1/4 in. 1Z6 in. 1/4 in.
12 in. 1/2 in. 1/4 in. 17;L6 in. 1/4 in.
15 in. 1/2 in. 1/4 in. 1 in. 1/4 in.
18 in. 1/2 in. 1/4 in. 1/8 in. 3/8 in.
21 in. 5/8 in. 1/4 in. 1/8 in. 7/16 in.
Note: The minus sign ( -) alone indicates that the plus varia-
tions is not limited; the plus and minus sign indicates
variation in both excess and deficiency of dimension.
(i) IMPR yCTIONS. The following imperfections in
a pipe or special will be considered injurious and cause for
reject ion.
(1) When the bore or socket of a pipe varies from
a true circle more than three (3) per cent of'its nominal
diameter.
(2) A pipe or special designed to be straight, ex-
hibiting a deviation from a straight line of more than three-
eighths (3/8) of an inch.
(3) A single crack in the body of the pipe extend-
ing through the entire thickness, regardless of the length of
such crack.
(4) A single crack which extends through one -half
(1 /2) the thickness and over three (3) inches in length.
25-
(5) Two or more cracks in the body of the pipe
of a less length than three (3) inches, and extending
through one -half (1/2) the thickness.
(6) Any crack which is more than one - sixteenth
(1/16) of an inch wide at its widest point.
(7) A piece broken from the spigot end deeper than
the socket or longer than one -third (1/3) of diameter of the
pipe; or a piece broken from the bell if the fracture ex-
tends into the body of the pipe or is longer than one -third
(1/3) of the diameter of the pipe,
(8) Two or more breaks in the socket or spigot,
unless can be placed in the upper half of the sewer.
(j) CAPS. Caps shall be furnished with each
branch pipe and consist of a disc, made of the same material
as the pipe, three - fourths (3/4) of an inch thick, fitting
snugly the socket of the branch pipe.
(k) TESTS. The tests for cement pipe shall eon-
form to those specified for vitrified clay pipe in Section
31 hereof.
SECTION 33. DRAIN TIIE;
Drain tile shall be plain butt joint pipe; and
shall be unglazed clay pipe.
The length of the the shall be not less than one
(1) foot and not more than three (3) feet.
In all other respects, drain tile shall conform
to the specifications and requirements as contained in
Section 30 of these specifications.
SECTION 34. REINFORCED CONCRETE PIPE.
All pipe 24 inches in diameter, and over, shall
be reinforced concrete pipe. Concrete for pipe shall be
Class "A" concrete, as specified in Section 29, provided that
the largest dimension of the rock used shall not exceed one
inch.
26-
`792
Reinforcement shall consist of wire fabric,
expanded metal, bars, or wire and shall conform to the
requirements of Section 24 hereof, and shall be fahricated
in such a manner as to retain all members in their proper
position in the pipe shell. The ratio of steel to concrete
shall be as shown upon the plans.
Pipe shall be molded in steel or iron forms in
sections not less than three (3) feet nor more than four (4)
feet in length and the thickness of the shell shall be as
shown on the plan.
Pipe shall be of the socket type. The socket may
be made in any desired form, but when laid the space between
the abutting ends shall not exceed one -half (1/Z) inch and
the joints when finished be water tight, give a smooth in-
terior surface and have strength equal to the body of the
pipe, when subjected to internal or external pressure,
Pipe shall be manufactured only in the presenc=e of
an inspector and the date of making and a mark to denote
either the top or bottom of the pipe shall be placed thereon
immediately after the forms are removed.
The forms aryl reinforcing steel shall be held rigid-
ly in position while the form is being filled. The concrete
shall be placed in the forms and thoroughly tamped and spaded,
and the molding of any one section of pipe shall be continuous
until completed.
After the forms are removed the pipe shall be cover-
ed with burlap or canvass, and kept thoroughly wet for seven
(7) days.
SECTION 35, FORMS:
Forms for concrete work shall be held rigidly in
place and the material in the forms shall be of sufficient
strength that the forms will be unyielding during the process
of placing and tamping the concrete. The sheeting for ex-
27-
l
posed concrete faces shall be planed and sized lumber;
and before using shall be given a coat of grease or
neutral oil to prevent the concrete sticking and shall be
given subsequent coatings whenever said subsequent coat-
ings are necessary to prevent adhesion of mortar. The ends
of all sheeting shall be squared and neatly butted to adjoin-
ing pieces at every joint. They shall 'be fastened to etude
in parallel lines with joints sufficiently tight to prevent
loss of cement and mortar. The form used on monolithic
sewers shall not be removed until the expiration of five (5)
days after the arch or roof is finished.
3 - BXCkVATION
INDEX
SECTION SECTION
36 - -Open Excavation and Tunneling 39-- Blasting.
37- -width and Depth of Trench.
38-- Clearance for Structures.
40 -- Pumping.
41 -- Bracing Trenches.
42-- Disposal of Material.
3 - Excavation
SECTION 36. OPEN EXCAVATION AND TUIZZLING.
The Contractor shall make all necessary excavation
to construct all work shown upon the plans. Excavation shall
include the removal of all water and all materials or obstruc-
tions of any nature that would interfere with the execution of
the work. Unless otherwise indicated on the plans or in these
specifications, excavations for the construction of pipe lines
shall be in open trenches.
Where pipe, which is less than twenty -four (24)
inches in diameter, is used, and the trench is ten (10) feet
or more in depth, the tunneling method may be used. Open
trenches between tunnels shall be not less than eight (8)
feet in length and the tunnels shall be not more than twelve
(12) feet long. Tunnels shall be not less than four (4) feet
high, and two (2) feet wide, nor shall any tunnel be less than
28-
794
one (1) foot wider then the external diameter of the sewer
pipe.
Payment for the tunneling shall be included in
the price bid per linear foot of sewer.
SECTION 37. WIDTH AMID DEPTH OF TRENCH.
The width of excavations shall be not less than
twelve (12) inches greater than the exterior diameter of the
pipe or conduit plus the thickness of the timbering. If
any trench be exoavated below the bottom as required on the
plans, it shall be refilled at the Contractor's expense nd th
good earth or sand, whenever the bottom of a trench is oom-
posed of soft or spongy material, said material shall be
removed to a depth of not to exceed two (2) feet and re-
placed with good earth or sand and gravel, which shall be
moistened and tamped until solid. If the bottom of the ex-
oavation is found to consist of rook or any material that
by reason of its hardness cannot be excavated to a true sub -
grade, said rook or material shall be removed for at least
six (6) inches below said sub -grade and the excavation shall
be refilled to sub -grade with good earth or sand, which
shall be moistened and tamped until solid.
All outs in pavements for trench openings shall be
made at least six (6) inches wider on each side than the
width of the tirench at the top.
SECTION 38. CLEARANCE FOR STRUCTURES.
The excavation for all manholes and other struo-
tures shall be sufficient to leave at least six (6) inches
in the clear between their outer surfaces and the embank-
ments or timbering which may be used to protect them.
SECTION 39. BLASTING.
In the event that blasting is necessary in exoa-
eating, the blast shall be blanketed with timber mate. No.
blasting shall be done within five (b) feet of any water,
gas, sewer or other pipe, main or conduit, intersecting
29-
ra
t � 5
the excavation. No blasting will be allowed except by
special permission in writing from the City Engineer.
SECTION 40. PUI PING.
The Contractor at all times shall have on the
work sufficient pumping machinery for immediate use.
The trenches and other excavation shall be kept
entirely free of water while concrete or, pipe is being
laid, and until the concrete or mortar has set hard.
'Hater shall be disposed of in such a manner as
will not cause injury to public or private yroperty nor be
S menace to public health.
SECTION 41. BRACING TtUZ CRE S.
All excavation shall be supported in the manner
set forth in the rules, orders and regulations prescribed
by the Industrial Accident Commission of the State of Cali-
fornia. Sheet piling and other timbers shall be drawn in
such a manner as to prevent caving of the walls of the exca-
vation. All openings caused by the removal of timbers shall
be filled with good earth which shall be compacted by flood-
ing.
SECTION 42. DISPOSAL OF M&TERIEL.
Material excavated in streets and roadways shall
be laid alongside of the trench, and kept trimmed up so as
to cause as little inconvenience as possible to public
travel. Free access must be provided to all fire hydrants
and water gates and meters, and means shall be provided
whereby storm and waste water can flow in the gutters un-
interruptedly.
All material excavated in streets and roadways;
not required for backfilling, shall be immediately removed
and disposed of by the Contractor.
30-
4 - XORK OF GOIvSTRUCTION
INI&M
aLCTION
43- -Pipe Laying
SECTION
50-- Plaoing Reinforcing Steel
44- -Drain Pipe Laying 51-- Placing Concrete
45- Manholes - Junction Chambers- 52-- Curing and Finish.
flush Tanks, Flushing Manholes
53-- Backfilling.
46- -Brick Masonry.
47- -House Connections.
48-- lateral Sewers.
49 - -Test for Leakage.
54-- Restoring Street Sur-
face and Cement Work.
55-- Sidewalks.
56-- Curbs.
4 - WORK OF CONSTRUCTION
SECTION 43. PIPE LAYING.
All pipe shall be laid without break, up grade from
structure to strueture, with the socket ends of the pipe up
grade. Pipe shall be laid, on an unyielding foundation, true
to line and grade, with a uniform bearing under the full
length of the barrel of the pipe, and suitable excavation
shall be made to receive the bell of the pipe. All adjust-
ments to line and grade must be made by scraping away or
filling in the earth under the body of the pipe, and not by
wedging or blocking up the hub.
when cement mortar is used, it shall be of the
composition specified in Section 26 hereof, and entire an-
nular space in all pipe joints between the exterior of the
spigot and the interior of the socket shall be completely
and carefully filled.
Special care must be taken to secure a perfect
Pilling of the aforesaid annular space at the oottom sides
of the pipes, as wall as the top; and previous to the in-
troductionof the mortar, said space, together with the sur-
faces of the pipe bounding the same, shall be completely
freed of all dust, send, earth, dirt, small stones and water.
31-
l'dhen water is found
gasket of oakum or hemp shall
joint, after which the mortar
but no additional compensatio
will be allowed.
All mortar shall be
0
in the trench, a narrow
be properly calked into each
shall be introduced therein,
1 for the use of such gaskets
fresh for the work in hand.
No mortar that has begun to set shall be used and no re-
tempering will be allowed. In making the joints a trowel
hill of mortar shall be placed in the bottom of the hub of
the pipe, then two thoroughly wet, sound, hard wood blocks
cut to the thickness of the annular space and about one (1)
inch square shall be placed in the mortar in the hub and
the annular space shall be completely and compactly filled
with mortar. The mortar shall then be beveled off on about
a 1 to 1 slope from the outer edge of the hub, and the inter-
ior of the pipe cleaned of surplus mortar or other foreign
material.
Joints in pipe 18 inches and less in diameter
shall be neatly wiped on the inside.
Joints in pipe more than 18 inches in diameter
shall be wiped and carefully pointed.
Iihen the condition of the trench is such that it
is impossible to secure a water tight cement mortar joint,
a sewer joint compound as specified in Section 27 hereof
shall be used, but no additional compensation for the use of
said sewer joint compound instead of mortar will be allowed.
4hen making a joint with sewer joint compount the
following procedure shall be followed;
The inner surface of the socket of the sewer pipe
shall be painted with the compound heated to the temperature
of that to be used for the joints as specified above, and
thereafter the spigot end of the pipe to be placed into this
socket shall be similarly painted.
32-
N
A gasket of dry oakum twisted into strands
shall be tightly driven into the joint from the outside,
using a calking iron of proper size, leaving a clear space
of from one to one and one -half inches between the gasket
,ind the outer end of the socket. In wet trenches the pour-
ing of the joint shfill follow the calking of the gasket
as rapidly as possible in order that the oakum shall not
fill a portion of the space by swelling.
After the pipe has been laid in place and calked,
a greased runner shell be placed around the pipe, and the
ends of the runner clamped, leaving an opening at the top
of the pipe slightly off center, and sufficiently large to
permit the compound to be poured. The space shall then be
completely filled by pouring in the pipe joint compound,
having a temperature of not less than 250 degrees Fahrenheit,
and which will readily flow to all parts of the annular
space to be filled and shall contain no cooled lumps or in-
equalities in the consistency of the heated liquid.
The runner shall not be removed until at least
fifteen (15) minutes after the joint has been poured.
Alternate joints may be run on the bank, standing
the pipe on end, in which case a runner will not be required.
Where joints have been run in this manner the pipes shall
not be moved for thirty (30) minutes thereafter.
The vessel used for pouring shall always contain
enough of the liquid compound to filla oomplete joint at one
running.
The vessel used for heating shall always contain
enough material for running several joints..
Shen making a joint with petrolastic cement the
following procedure shall be followed;
The petrolastic cement shall be heated in a con-
tainer of sufficient size to hold material for the pouring
of not less than twenty -five (25) joints and shall be so
33-
f ✓�
constructed as to insure a uniform temperature throughout.
During the period of melting, the petrolastic cement shall
be stirred frequently to prevent local heating. The
material in the kettle shall be maintained at a temperature
of from 3000 F. to 3500 F.
In laying the pipe care shall be taken that the
spigot and bell shall be thoroughly dry and free from dirt
or other foreign material. The inside of the bell of each
joint shall be painted with hot petrolastio cement and a
gasket of hair -felt firmly cemented around the inside bottom
of the bell. The remaining space, which shall be at least
two (2) inches deep, shall then be poured entirely full with
petrolastio cement heated to a temperature of from 3000
F. to 3500 F. completely filling the annular space. An as-
bestor runner or other pipe joiner, greased or treated in
such a manner as to prevent adhesion to the petrolastic
cement, shall be used in pouring all pipe joints in the trench,
and shall not be removed until after the material has cooled.
Care must be taken to bring the inverts of the two pipes to
the same grade.
On all size pipe having a diameter of eighteen (18)
inches or less; two or more sections may be joined in lengths
on the bank or in the trench, by standing joints on top of
each other, and filling the remainder of the space with
petrolastic cement without the use of a runner. The number
of lengths to be joined together on the surface in this
manner shall be determined by the City engineer. Multiple
lengths shall then be lowered into the trench and the con-
necting joints made as before described.
Joints shall not be completed until sufficient
pipe has been laid in advance to insure against injuring
the finished joint.
Water must not be allowed to rise around the pipe
until the jointing material has set hard.
34-
800
Lt the close of each day's work, r=.r_d at such
other times when pipe is not being laid, the end of the
pipe shall be protected with a close fitting stopper.
."Whenever the work ceases for any reason or when
the pipe is constructed with an end not joined to an
existing pipe or structure, it shall be closed by a cap,
of the same material as the pipe, tightly sealed in place
with the same material as the pipe is sealed with.
SECTION 44. DRAIN PIPE. LAYING.
Drain tile shall be laid on an unyielding foun-
dation with a uniform bearing under the full length of the
tile.
The ends of the tale shall be laid as close to-
gether as the unevenness of the tile will permit, but in
no instance shall the opening between tiles exceed 1/8 inch.
Under and around the lower half of each joint
there shall be placed a layer of gravel 6 inches thick,
extending six (6) inches each side of the joint.
Over and around the upper half of each joint there
shall be placed a layer of tarred felt to extend at least
three (3) inches on each side of the joint.
SECTION 45. LIANHOIL3, JUi,CTIOL CRI.13ER6, FLUSH
TA14" , FLUSHIidG
These structures shall be of the material as
designated on the plans and shall be built into the sewer
at the places shown on the drawings, and shall conform in
size and shape and details as shown on the standard draw-
ings of the City of it Segundo or as indicated on the plans.
Concrete for base or footings shall be Class "B" concrete,
as specified in Section 29.
In the case of flush tanks ana flushing manholes
the flushing device shall be placed in position, together
with sufficient length of one -hPlf inch galv=ized iron
3 5-
service pipe to project not less than two feet beyond
the outer face of the tank.
Galvanized iron steps shall be set into the
structures as specified in Section 25.
Pipe branches for lateral sewers shall be built
into the structures as shomm on the plans, the outer ends
to be closed as specified in Section 43 hereof. In lay-
ing pipe up to structures, no pipe shall be allowed to
project beyond the inside of the wall of the structure and
in no case shall the bell of a pipe be built into the wall
of the structure,
SECTION 46. BRICK MASONRY.
The brickwork shall conform to the requirements
of Section 22 hereof, the thickness of the walls to be
eight (8) inches for common and vitrified brick, except as
otherwise specified on said plans, and excepting where depth
of sewer exceeds 22 feet in which latter case the thickness
of the walls below this depth shall be 12 inches and the
concrete base extended to form a footing for the 12 inch
brickwork.
No brick shall be laid upon the concrete foundation
within three (3) days after said concrete foundation has
been poured.
All brickwork shall be built to the lines and
dimensions shorn upon the plans,.
All brick shall be clean and thoroughly wet im-
mediately before laying. Each brick shall be laid with full
mortar joints on its bed, end and side at one operation.
In no case is slushing or grouting of a joint to be allowed,
nor is a joint to be made by working in the mortar after
a brick is laid.
No brick shall be laid in water and no water shall
be allowed to stand or run upon brick work until after the
mortar has set.
36-
802
The brickwork shall be well bonded. Unless the
plans otherwise specify the maximum width of joints, the
joints between bricks on the inside of structures and
brick sewers shall not exceed three - eighths (3/8) of an
inch.
All joints on the inside of structures fnd sewers
shell be neatly struck and pointed where plastering is not
specified on the plans. The outside of fll structures
and brick sewers shall be neatly plastered with mortar one -
half (1/2) of an inch thick, as specified in Section 26
hereof. After the plastering on the interior of flush
teni.s and flushing manholes has set, the interior surfaces
shall be coated with neat cement grout put on with a brush.
SECTION 47. HOUS ' C014'NECTI0LS.
The term "house connection" or "house connection
sewer" as used in these specifications, on the plans, pro-
files, or other drawings, and in the resolutions, are used
to designate branch sewers laic from main sewers to points
on the curb lines or property lines as specified from which
sewer service can be obtained by proper extensions.
Unless otherwise specified, the house connections
shall be on a strf.ight line from where they join the main
sewer to their upper ends.
The Contractor shall plf:ce as many six- inch "Y"
branches for house connection sewers, and as many six -inch
spur pipes in masonry sewers as may be designated on the
plan. The "Y" bunches z-no spur pipes, unless otherwise
specified, shill be inclined upward at an angle not greater
than forty -five degrees from a horizontfl line. If so shown
on the plans, "T" branches shall be substituted for "Y"
branches. Each "Y" or "T" branch is to be closed at the
,mater end by a cap, made for that purpose, of the same
materirl as the pipe, tightly sealed in place with the same
37-
Spa
material Ps the pipe is sealed with. The space in the
socket above the cap shall be filled with wet sand, covered
with a thin coating of neat cement mortar.
The length of each spur pipe, exclusive of the
socket, shall be three (3) inches more than the thickness of
the masonry in which it is placed.
Mach spur pipe shall be built into the masonry,
as shown on the plans; the ends to be closed as specified
for the ends of the "Y" branches.
then so indicated on said plan Fnd profile, house
connection sewers shall be laid from the upper end of the "Y"
pipes and spur pipes to the property line or curb line, and
the internal diameter of said house connection sewers shall
be six (6) inches. The "Y" pipes shall be joined to the
lateral sewers by eighth bends (aaid eighth bends to be con-
sidered a part of the house connection sewer), unless
otherwise shown on the plans.
The invert of the upper end of each house connection
sewer shall be built to a depth of six (6) feet below the curb
grade, except at those locr"tions where different depths are
specified on the plans.
Each house connection sewer line is to be closed at
the upper end by a cap of the same material as the pipe tightly
sealed in place with the same material as the pipe is sealed with.
'3here a chimney pipe is specified on the plans, the
Contractor shall build a six -inch "T" branch and a six -inch
vertical stack incased in concrete, surmounted by a six -inch
"Y" branch set vertically, as shown in detail by plan on file
in the office of the City -Engineer.
I£ this chimney is not connected to a house connec-
tion sewer, the opening in the "Y" branch sh<11 be closed by
caps, as specified above. 'There a house connection sewer is
to be connected with said chimney, all bends leading away from
the "Y" branch shall be considered as part of said house
connection sewer, unless otherwise shown on the plans.
WO-M
" ''
SECTION 48. ld.Ti`BItL SE4123.
The term "lateral sewers" as used in these speci-
fications, on the plans, profiles, or other drawin,s, and
in the resolutions, is used to designate branch sewers laid
from the structures of the main sewer to the points desig-
nated in the plans and resolutions, from which proper exten-
sions can be made.
SECTION 49. TEO-T FOR L'.I�FGE.
Unless otimrwise shown on the drawings, each sec-
tion of sanitary sewer, between two successive mrnholes,
shall be tested by closing the lower end of the sewer to be
tested and the inlet sewer of the upper manhole with stopp-
ers, and filling the pipe end manhole with water to a point
four (4) feet aboae the invert of the open sewer in the
upper manhole, The allowable leakage will be computed by
the formula,
D = LV= X 0.0002.
in }*;hick D is the allowable drop in feet per minute in
height of the water in the upper manhole.
L is the length in feet of the sewer tested, and
does not include the length of house connections entering
the section being tested.
h is the difference in elevation, in feet, between
the invert of the closed sewer in the lower manhole and the
surface of the water in the upper manhole, or the head of
the writer on the invert at closed end of sewer.
If the leakage, as shown by the test, is greeter
th ^n allowed by the proper formul^ for the kind of joint
madQ, the pipe shell be overhauled; End, if necessary,
relaid, until the joints sh<.11 hold satisfactorily under
this test.
The Contractor shall, st his oVm expense, furnish
all materials for m.king the test required under the direc-
tion of the City r.ngineer.
39-
8{3'7
SLUTION 50. PLLCILG RELi_PORCIlaG ST�,aL.
11 reinforcing steel shall be accurately placed
in the position shown on the plans and carefully fastened
in place with iron wire sufficiently strong for the purpose.
'rVhere splicing is necessary, it may be done by
welding, or shall be done by lapping bars forty (40) times
their diameter or thickness.
Lapped bars shall be separated by at least twice
their diameter of concrete.
Splices shall not be made at points of maximum
stress.
SECTION 51. PLLCING CONCRETE
Concrete shall be carefully deposited in the work,
end in such a meaner so as not to separate the v ^rious in-
gredients. Concrete shill be placed in horizontal layers
not to exceed twelve (12) inches in depth, and shsi.11 be
thoroughly rammed, agitated, or spaded until free from voids,
air bubbles, and rock or water pockets.
On unexposed surfaces, or except where a special
surface finish is required, a spading tool shell be worked
between the concrete and the form so as to produce a mortar
finis h.
Top surfaces, if exposed, shall be struck with a
straight edge and given a float finish.
'Jhere fresh concrete is to be placed on or againat
concrete which has set; the surface of the latter shall be
roughened and cleaned and then covered with a thin layer of
neat cement mortar. No concrete shall be deposited under
or in water; nor shall any water be allowed to run over or
on concrete before it has set.
SECTION 52. CURING AND FINISH.
All exposed concrete shall be protected from the
sun and wind and all concrete shall be kept wet for seven
(7) days after it has been poured.
40—
7 so
Immediately after the forms are removed, all
irregularities shall be corrected by Pilling depressions
with mortar and bS carefully cutting down projecting portions.
The ends of all tie wires shall be cut off, and
neatly plastered over with mortar.
SECTION 53. BP C!E'ILLING.
All back -filline shall be done in such a manner as
not to disturb the pipe or conduit or other structure. In
all cases the back -filling composed of good earth or sand
and free from large stones or lumps half way up to the spring-
ing line of the pipe shall be carefully placed by hand load-
ing and tamping both sides uniformly. The excavation shall
then be filled to a depth of one foot above the top of the
pipe with the same quality of material and thoroughly compacted
by flooding before additional back-filling is placed thereon.,
Unless otherwise shown on the plans, the e,.rth in
all tunnels shall be out to a "V" shape, for the full width
of the trench, having the point of the 'TV" at the center of
the top of the tunnel and the slope of the "V" making an angle
of not less than forty -five (45) degrees with the horizontal.
If the material with which the trench is being back-
filled is other than adobe or clay, the trench shall be
back - filled to the surface of the ground, after which it
shall be thoroughly flooded. The x,,Lor sh.11 be allowed to
flow slowly into the trench from the upper end, and shall
be worked down to the bottom of the trench by "poling ".
Care must be taken not to have such a large quantity of water
that it will flow over the top of the dirt before it has
penetrated down to the sewer. Open ditches shall be thor-
oughly "poled ". Poles shall be long enough to reach down
to the sewer. They shall be forced down through the dirt
to the sewer and the water allowed to flow down when�he pole
- is w2 thdrawn. A channel formed by the pole shall be kept
41-
80'7
open and the water running in it until the dirt has settled.
Where there are tunnels, poles shall be inserted at the
upper end of the tunnel and the water alloved to flow
through the tunnel, the dirt following the water down into
the "v -ed" portion, thoroughly filling up the tunnel. The
pole shall then be inserted at the lower end of the tunnel
and the "V -ed" portion filled with dirt from the lower side.
The trench must be thoroughly settled in each place before
proceeding with the flooding lower down and must be filled
to the street level with dirt before the water has run out.
In cases where the trench is being back - filled vdth shale,
water shall be run into the trench and the shale back - filled
into the water. Special care must be taken to thoroughly
pole around all structures.
If the material with which the back -fill is being
made is adobe or clay, the trench shall be back - filled to
P depth of one (1) foot above the top of the pipe with good
earth or sand free from large stones or lumps, and thorough-
ly comploted by flooding before additional back - filling is
placed. The adobe or clay may then be deposited carefully
in the trench in layers which shrill not exceed six (6)
inches in thickness, and each shall be carefully and solidly
tamped with appropriate tools in such a manner as to avoid
injuring or disturbing the completed sewer.
Where sheeting is drawn, all cavities remaining
in or adjoining the trench shall be solidly filled. there
sheeting is left in place, all cavities behind such sheeting
shall be solidly filled.
=After the trench in all streets and roadways has
been back - filled and dried out sufficiently, the surface
shall be leveled and rolled until unyielding with a roller
weighing not less than twelve (12) tons, or with the wheels
of one side of a loaded truck of five (5) tons or more
capacity.
42-
808
in ungraded streets and rights of way outside of
streets and roadw-.ys the back -fill shall be carried up to
the natural surface of the ground as specified above and
cz.refully leveled and smoothed; provided that all pipe
shall be covered by at least two feet of good earth. Com-
pacting the back -fill by roller or truck will be unnecessary.
INCRK.
SECTION 54. RLaTORING 31111tLT SURFI_CE -IM Mlt;=
In all paved, macadamized, oiled or otherwise im-
proved streets, alleys, or other public ways, the surface
over the trench shall be finished, without delay, by the
Contractor, with the same quality of roadway material that
was removed in excavating the trench, placed to the same
thickness as the original work.
,.11 cement curbs, drain spouts, pipe lines, gutters,
sprinkler systems, pavements and sidewalks, which are of
necessity broken into or damaged by the installation of the
improvement, shall be reconstructed by the Contractor, of
the s €me kind of material as the original work ,rA in accord-
ance with the following additional requirements, ntimely; the
curb, gutter and sidewalk shall be removed and replaced to
the next joint beyond the excavation required by said
installation.
SECTION 55. SIMMILI S.
Sidew .lks shall be constructed at the points, and
to the width shown on the plans.
Concrete for sidewalks shall be Class "B" concrete,
as specified in Section 28 hereof.
The base of sidewalks shall be three (3) inches
thick, and one -half inch finish coat shall be placed on the
base within one hour after it has been poured.
The finish coat shall be thoroughly floated and
troweled into the concrete base and then polished and marked
43-
.•
in squares of two and one -half (2 1/2) feet, and shall be
done with a tool that will leave the corners rounded.
The finish surface shall show no trowel or other
marks and shall be within one - eighth (1/8) inch of the
true line and grade.
SLCTIOII 56. CURBS.
Curbs shall be constructed at the points shown
on the plans.
Concrete for curbs shall be Class "B" concrete;
as specified in Section 29 hereof.
The height of curbs shall be eighteen (18) inches
and the thickness six (6) inches at the top and ten (10)
inches at the bottom.
A one -half inch finish coat shall be placed on the
top of the curb, and a one - quarter inch finish coat shall
be placed on the upper twelve (12) inches of the face of the
curb and on the upper two (2) inches of the back of the curb,
within one hour from the time the forms are removed,
The finishing coat shall be thoroughly floated and
troweled into the concrete base and then polished and marked
in vertical sections of not less than two and one -half ( 2 1/2)
feet and not more than three and one -half (3 1/2) feet.
The finished surface shall show no trowel or other
marks, and shall be within one eighth (1 /8) inch of the true
line grade.
SRCTION 57. The City Clerk shall certify to the
passage and adoption of this resolution; shall enter the
same upon the Book of -4es olutions of the said City; and
shall make a minute of the passage and adoption thereof in
the records of the Bof.rd of Trustees of said City in the
minutes of the meeting at which the same is passed and adopted.
Passed, approved and adopted this 13th day of
November A. D. , 1925.
,; President
' of e Board oi�Trustees
PEST: of the City of El Segundo, Califo :Pnia
City Cl e
(may) 44
810
STATE OF CALIFORNIA )
COUNTY OF LOS ANGELES ) SS.
CITY OF EL SEGUNDO
I, Victor D. McCarthy, City Clerk of the City
of E1 Segundo, California, do hereby certify that the whole
number of members of the Board of Trustees of the said
City is five; that the foregoing resolution, being Resolu-
tion No. 116 � was passed and adopted by the said Board
of Trustees, approved and signed by the President of said
Board, and attested by the City Clerk of said City, all
at a regular meeting of the said Board held on the lath
day of November , 1925, and that the same was so
passed and adopted by the following vote:
AYES: TRUSTEES: Anderson, Cannon, Love and binder. ;
NOES: TRUSTEES: None.
ABSENT:TRUSTEES: Gerow.
C Mn
(SEAI )